Functional brain network reorganization in HIV infection

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Minosse ◽  
Eliseo Picchi ◽  
Francesca Di Giuliano ◽  
Loredana Sarmati ◽  
Elisabetta Teti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Functional Brain Network ◽  
Brain Network Reorganization

scholarly journals Reconfiguration of functional brain networks and metabolic cost converge during task performance

eLife ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andreas Hahn ◽  
Michael Breakspear ◽  
Lucas Rischka ◽  
Wolfgang Wadsak ◽  
Godber M Godbersen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Metabolic Cost ◽  
Glucose Consumption ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Task Engagement ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Network Analyses ◽  
Complex Cognitive Task ◽  
Functional Brain Network ◽  
Brain Network Reorganization

The ability to solve cognitive tasks depends upon adaptive changes in the organization of whole-brain functional networks. However, the link between task-induced network reconfigurations and their underlying energy demands is poorly understood. We address this by multimodal network analyses integrating functional and molecular neuroimaging acquired concurrently during a complex cognitive task. Task engagement elicited a marked increase in the association between glucose consumption and functional brain network reorganization. This convergence between metabolic and neural processes was specific to feedforward connections linking the visual and dorsal attention networks, in accordance with task requirements of visuo-spatial reasoning. Further increases in cognitive load above initial task engagement did not affect the relationship between metabolism and network reorganization but only modulated existing interactions. Our findings show how the upregulation of key computational mechanisms to support cognitive performance unveils the complex, interdependent changes in neural metabolism and neuro-vascular responses.

Longitudinal study of functional brain network reorganization in clinically isolated syndrome

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail Koubiyr ◽  
Mathilde Deloire ◽  
Pierre Besson ◽  
Pierrick Coupé ◽  
Cécile Dulau ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Betweenness Centrality ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Global Efficiency ◽  
Functional Brain Network ◽  
Functional Brain Networks ◽  
Brain Network Reorganization

Background: There is a lack of longitudinal studies exploring the topological organization of functional brain networks at the early stages of multiple sclerosis (MS). Objective: This study aims to assess potential brain functional reorganization at rest in patients with CIS (PwCIS) after 1 year of evolution and to characterize the dynamics of functional brain networks at the early stage of the disease. Methods: We prospectively included 41 PwCIS and 19 matched healthy controls (HCs). They were scanned at baseline and after 1 year. Using graph theory, topological metrics were calculated for each region. Hub disruption index was computed for each metric. Results: Hub disruption indexes of degree and betweenness centrality were negative at baseline in patients ( p < 0.05), suggesting brain reorganization. After 1 year, hub disruption indexes for degree and betweenness centrality were still negative ( p < 0.00001), but such reorganization appeared more pronounced than at baseline. Different brain regions were driving these alterations. No global efficiency differences were observed between PwCIS and HCs either at baseline or at 1 year. Conclusion: Dynamic changes in functional brain networks appear at the early stages of MS and are associated with the maintenance of normal global efficiency in the brain, suggesting a compensatory effect.

scholarly journals Primary Open Angle Glaucoma Is Associated With Functional Brain Network Reorganization

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Minosse ◽  
Francesco Garaci ◽  
Alessio Martucci ◽  
Simona Lanzafame ◽  
Francesca Di Giuliano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Functional Brain Network ◽  
Brain Network Reorganization

Large-Scale Functional Brain Network Reorganization During Taoist Meditation

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tun Jao ◽  
Chia-Wei Li ◽  
Petra E. Vértes ◽  
Changwei Wesley Wu ◽  
Sophie Achard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Functional Brain Network ◽  
Brain Network Reorganization

scholarly journals Could LC-NE-Dependent Adjustment of Neural Gain Drive Functional Brain Network Reorganization?

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Guedj ◽  
David Meunier ◽  
Martine Meunier ◽  
Fadila Hadj-Bouziane
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Unified Framework ◽  
Functional Brain ◽  
Functional Brain Network ◽  
Gamma Rhythm ◽  
Band Limited ◽  
Brain Network Reorganization ◽  
Neural Gain

The locus coeruleus-norepinephrine (LC-NE) system is thought to act at synaptic, cellular, microcircuit, and network levels to facilitate cognitive functions through at least two different processes, not mutually exclusive. Accordingly, as a reset signal, the LC-NE system could trigger brain network reorganizations in response to salient information in the environment and/or adjust the neural gain within its target regions to optimize behavioral responses. Here, we provide evidence of the co-occurrence of these two mechanisms at the whole-brain level, in resting-state conditions following a pharmacological stimulation of the LC-NE system. We propose that these two mechanisms are interdependent such that the LC-NE-dependent adjustment of the neural gain inferred from the clustering coefficient could drive functional brain network reorganizations through coherence in the gamma rhythm. Via the temporal dynamic of gamma-range band-limited power, the release of NE could adjust the neural gain, promoting interactions only within the neuronal populations whose amplitude envelopes are correlated, thus making it possible to reorganize neuronal ensembles, functional networks, and ultimately, behavioral responses. Thus, our proposal offers a unified framework integrating the putative influence of the LC-NE system on both local- and long-range adjustments of brain dynamics underlying behavioral flexibility.

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