Mothers' Employment Participation: The Role of Partner Involvement and Selection Processes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Ingenfeld
Keyword(s):  
Selection Processes ◽  
Employment Participation ◽  
Partner Involvement

Party Leaders in the Czech Populist Parties and Movements

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 107-119
Author(s):  
Michal Kubát ◽  
Maciej Hartliński
Keyword(s):  
Party Leaders ◽  
Official Position ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Significant Factors

AbstractThe aim of this article is to analyse the role and importance of leaders in the Czech populist parties and movements, as well as determining significant factors which condition their institutionalisation. The main focus will be placed on the role of leaders in establishing their respective parties, their formal position and intraparty selection processes in VV, ANO, SPD and ÚPD. Examples of actions taken by the leaders of ANO and SPD show that building populist parties on the foundation of the strong, formal and official position of the leader in their party as well as becoming open to more members prove effective when it comes to the discussed issues...

The role of exploratory mechanisms in evolution

1995 ◽  
Vol 349 (1329) ◽  
pp. 297-297
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Instability ◽  
Specific Mechanism ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Rapid Changes ◽  
Neuronal Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
Variation And Selection

Many cellular mechanisms use a process of variation and selection to generate specific patterns. Among these, dynamic instability of microtubules has been shown to employ a specific mechanism to intentionally generate variation. In many systems the growth of neurons or neuronal processes is excessive, the final connections being established by stabilization of functional interactions. When changes in neuronal networks take place, such as in metamorphosis, use is made of the plasticity of neuronal connectivity. In the immune system, specific responses are generated by variation and selection. Processes that explore a wide range of conditions and a wide range of structures can be called exploratory processes. These are very robust and capable of responding to damage, variability in the environment and ontogenic changes in the organisms. Such robustness would be useful for adapting to changes that occur during phylogenetic changes as well. Given the extensive history of extinction and radiation in evolution, it may be supposed that these mechanisms have themselves been selected for their capacity to survive rapid changes in the organism and for their ability to generate cellular variation.

Understanding The Role of Mate Selection Processes in Couples’ Pair-Bonding Behavior

2015 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briana N. Horwitz ◽  
Chandra A. Reynolds ◽  
Hasse Walum ◽  
Jody Ganiban ◽  
Erica L. Spotts ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mate Selection ◽  
Pair Bonding ◽  
Selection Processes

Mendelian Executive

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Daniel A. Levinthal
Keyword(s):  
Rational Choice ◽  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Direct Consequence ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
Differential Selection ◽  
Selection Environment ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Internal Selection

A “Mendelian” executive is proposed as an image of strategy-making that lies intermediate between the grand strategist suggested by rational choice approaches and a Darwinian process of random variation and market-based differential selection. The Mendelian executive is capable of intentional design efforts in order to explore possible adjacent strategic spaces. Furthermore, the argument developed here highlights the role of intentionality with respect to selection processes within the organization, and the culling and amplification of strategic initiatives. The firm is viewed as operating an “artificial selection” environment in contrast to selection as the direct consequence of the outcome of competitive processes. Examining the nature of the processes generating these experimental variants and the bases of internal selection, and how these selection criteria may themselves change, is argued to be central to the formation of strategy in dynamic environments.

scholarly journals Partner Strategic Capabilities for Capturing Value from Sustainability-Focused Multi-Stakeholder Partnerships

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 557 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriane MacDonald ◽  
Amelia Clarke ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
M. Seitanidi
Keyword(s):  
Implementation Strategies ◽  
Value Proposition ◽  
Value Capture ◽  
Collaborative Action ◽  
Ecological Problems ◽  
Stakeholder Partnerships ◽  
Multi Stakeholder ◽  
Partner Involvement ◽  
The Relationship

As social and ecological problems escalate, the role of collective capacity and knowledge is becoming more critical in reaching solutions. This capacity and knowledge are dispersed among diverse stakeholder organizations. Thus, organizations in the private, public and civil society sectors are experiencing pressure to address these complex challenges through collaborative action in the form of multi-stakeholder partnerships. One major challenge to securing and maintaining partner engagement in these voluntary collaborative initiatives is defining the value proposition for prospective and existing partner organizations. Understanding the relationship between different forms of partner involvement and the subsequent resources that partners stand to gain is necessary to articulate the value proposition of the partnership to partners. This study conducts a survey of partner organizations from 15 different sustainability-focused multi-stakeholder partnerships in Canada. We compare three partner strategies for implementation and value capture and discover that each strategy is associated with different partner-level resource outcomes. Our findings indicate that product stewardship strategies are associated with financial and organizational capital, marketing and promotion with human capital, and internal implementation structures with shared capital. This study has implications for multi-stakeholder partnership researchers and practitioners because it suggests the possibility that certain partner-level outcomes could rely on the partner, as well as partnership implementation strategies.

scholarly journals The role of pension contributions in explaining inequalities in depressive symptoms. Results from SHARE

2020 ◽  
pp. 140349482090901
Author(s):  
Hanno Hoven ◽  
Nico Dragano ◽  
Thorsten Lunau ◽  
Christian Deindl ◽  
Morten Wahrendorf
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Health It ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Working Lives ◽  
Pension Schemes ◽  
Employment Participation ◽  
Employment Histories

Aims: Research has established solid evidence that socioeconomic position impacts health. It is, however, still debated to what extent characteristics of entire employment histories are associated with health inequalities later on. This study investigates associations between contributing to pension schemes throughout entire employment histories and depressive symptoms in older men and women. Methods: We use retrospective life history data from the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE), collected in 2008–2009 from retired men and women. Data include detailed information on previous employment histories (between age 25 and 60 years) that allows us to measure labour market involvements and pension contributions during past working lives. In addition, we measure elevated depressive symptoms using EURO-D. Results: We observe that employed work without contributing to pension schemes is associated with elevated depressive symptoms for women, even when taking the current household income into consideration. For men (but not for women), self-employed work without pension contributions is linked to elevated depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Our results indicate that studies linking previous employment participation to health after labour market exit should not only consider whether a person worked, but also whether he or she contributed to a pension scheme. In addition, our study points to interesting gender differences, where pension contributions matter most for women in employed work and for men in self-employed work.

Segmentation and selection contribute to local processing in hierarchical analysis

2002 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shihui Han ◽  
Glyn W. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Attention Task ◽  
Local Responses ◽  
Attentional Control Settings ◽  
Local Element ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Hierarchical Stimuli ◽  
Divided Attention Task ◽  
Local Interference ◽  
Global And Local

The present study examined the role of segmentation and selection processes when we respond to local elements in hierarchical stimuli. The ease of segmentation and selection of an individual local element from hierarchical patterns was manipulated by making one local element substantially distinct from the others in colour. Experiment 1 showed that, when attention was spread across the global and local levels in a divided attention task, the introduction of the local red element speeded responses to local targets but slowed responses when targets appeared at the global level. Experiment 2 used a selective attention task in which subjects responded only to the local or the global shapes across a block of trials. Under these circumstances, the local red element reduced global-to-local interference in addition to speeding local responses. The results suggest that the efficiency with which local elements are segmented and selected affects responses to local aspects of hierarchical patterns; furthermore, the effect of local pop-out on global processing is contingent on top-down attentional control settings.

scholarly journals Factors associated with male partner involvement in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus in the Gokwe North District, Zimbabwe: A qualitative study

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vimbai Chibango
Keyword(s):  
Belief Systems ◽  
Male Partner ◽  
Hiv Infections ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Male Partner Involvement ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Traditional Leadership ◽  
Partner Involvement ◽  
Mother To Child

Male partners’ involvement in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) intervention programmes is crucial in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV. However, male partner involvement in PMTCT is low in most countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study aimed at exploring the major factors associated with male partner involvement in PMTCT of HIV programmes in the Gokwe North District of Zimbabwe. The study utilised qualitative methods. Data was collected using a pretested interview guide. Purposive sampling methods were used to select participants of focus group discussions and key informant interviews. Interviews were conducted from May to September 2015. Thematic analysis was used for data analysis. The study revealed that local traditional leaders played a role in mobilising men in communities. Awareness campaigns enhanced communities’ knowledge about PMTCT. Couple communication proved to be vital in promoting male involvement. However, stigmatisation against men utilising antenatal-care services, fear of HIV results and a lack of knowledge of the practices surrounding PMTCT of HIV programmes were hindrances to male partner involvement. Collaboration and engagement amongst stakeholders especially with traditional leadership can be essential in increasing male partner participation in PMTCT. Education has proved to be a catalyst in the de-stigmatisation of men in PMTCT programmes. Moreover, HIV counselling can illuminate an understanding on the implications of HIV test results. The significant contribution of this article is its demonstration of the role of African traditional leadership and belief systems in curbing HIV infections, particularly in terms of male partners’ involvement in PMTCT initiatives.Contribution: The significant contribution of this article is its demonstration of the role of African traditional leadership and belief systems in curbing HIV infections, particularly in terms of male partners’ involvement in PMTCT initiatives.

scholarly journals Dance curation as choreographic practice

På Spissen ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 89-110
Author(s):  
Chris Dupuis
Keyword(s):  
Fine Arts ◽  
Dance History ◽  
Selection Processes ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Working Processes ◽  
The Way

Dance curators (or programmers, as they are often called) have a significant impact on the dance field throughtheir selection processes: elevating certain works, practices, and artists, while effectively excluding others. Through this, they have a considerable hand in shaping what kinds of dance pieces a local audience has access to,effectively writing dance history over time. But their working processes remain poorly understood, and there have been limited attempts to theorize their practice. This article begins with an exploration of the etymology of the term curator and the historical emergence of the curator in both the fine arts and dance. It then goes on to examine the role of the curator as mediator in two common models for dance presentation (the festival and the theater season) and explores two alternative curatorial models (the focus program at Brussels venue Beursschouwburg and the uncurated model of Amsterdam festival Come Together). Finally, it explores the practice of dance curation as a form of choreography itself. It concludes that contextualizing dance curation asa form of choreography could be an effective starting point for theorizing the practice, hopefully paving the way for further study.

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