The Effect of Expanded Parental Benefits on Union Dissolution

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Margolis ◽  
Youjin Choi ◽  
Anders Holm ◽  
Nirav Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Union Dissolution ◽  
Parental Benefits

scholarly journals The Unintended Effect of Paternity Leave on Union Stability: Evidence from the Quebec Parental Insurance Program

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Margolis ◽  
Youjin Choi ◽  
Anders Holm ◽  
Nirav Mehta
Keyword(s):  
Infant Health ◽  
Transition To Parenthood ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Union Dissolution ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Family Responsibilities ◽  
Insurance Program ◽  
Intent To Treat ◽  
Parental Benefits

The transition to parenthood is often stressful, as parents balance work and family responsibilities and adjust to new social roles. Paid parental benefits policies are explicitly aimed to encourage return-to-work and enhance infant health. However, some recent policies also aim to equalize housework and paid work within families by earmarking weeks of parental benefits for fathers that cannot be transferred to mothers. We examine two theoretical frameworks from sociology and economics to highlight potential mechanisms through which such policies may increase or decrease union dissolution, and why the direction and magnitude of the effects might differ across subpopulations. Then, using population-level administrative data, we examine how the Quebec Parental Insurance Program affected union dissolution. We find that overall, the policy decreased the divorce/separation rate by 0.6% points, a 7% reduction in the rate overall (intent-to-treat). Further, we find that the effect of fathers using parental benefits on the risk of divorce (treatment-on-treated) is more than double the intent-to-treat estimate. The policy had the greatest effects in reducing union dissolution among couples likely to be more egalitarian in orientation, and led to no increase in divorce, even in the most traditional couples.

scholarly journals The Consequences of Divorce and Splitting up for Spatial Mobility in the UK

2013 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Peteke Feijten ◽  
Maarten Van Ham
Keyword(s):  
Residential Mobility ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Disruptive Effect ◽  
British Household Panel Survey ◽  
Union Dissolution ◽  
Panel Survey ◽  
Housing Situation ◽  
Spatial Mobility ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
The Uk

Union dissolution is well known to have a disruptive effect on the housing situation of those involved, and often leads to downward moves on the “housing ladder”. Much less is known about the geographies of residential mobility after union dissolution. There are, however, reasons to expect that those who experienced a union dissolution have a different likelihood of moving over longer distances than those who stay in a union, because of different moving motives. This study contributes to the existing literature by investigating the occurrences of moves, distances moved and the destinations of moves after union dissolution. The paper also contributes to the literature by investigating the effect on mobility not only of divorce, but also of splitting up and repartnering. Using longitudinal data from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS), and logistic regression models, we found that union dissolution has a significant effect on the occurrence of moves and on moving distances.

scholarly journals Effects of Parental Union Dissolution on Child Mortality and Child Schooling in Burkina Faso

2013 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 797-816 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilampoa Gnoumou Thiombiano ◽  
Thomas K. LeGrand ◽  
Jean-François Kobiané
Keyword(s):  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Union Dissolution ◽  
Child Schooling

Parental Divorce and Union Disruption Among Young Adults in Sweden

2009 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 688-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Gähler ◽  
Ying Hong ◽  
Eva Bernhardt
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Parental Divorce ◽  
Interpersonal Behavior ◽  
Unique Contribution ◽  
Union Dissolution ◽  
Socioeconomic Conditions ◽  
Union Commitment ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys ◽  
The Impact

This article analyzes the impact of parental divorce on the disruption of marital and nonmarital unions among young adults in Sweden, using longitudinal data from repeated mail questionnaire surveys (1999 and 2003) with 1,321 respondents (aged 26, 30, and 34 in 2003). The study takes into account several possible mechanisms governing the parent—offspring union dissolution link, including indicators on life course and socioeconomic conditions, attitudes toward divorce, union commitment, and interpersonal behavior. Findings reveal that respondents with divorced parents exhibit an increased risk for their own union disruption of almost 40%. When controls for all mechanisms are added, the excess risk ceases to be statistically significant. The unique contribution of each mechanism, however, is limited. Rather, the mechanisms seem to operate jointly.

scholarly journals The impact of ART on union dissolution: a register-based study in Denmark 1994–2010

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 434-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Veloso Martins ◽  
Ditte Vassard ◽  
Charlotte Ørsted Hougaard ◽  
Lone Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Union Dissolution ◽  
The Impact

scholarly journals Use of Parental Benefits by Family Income in Canada: Two Policy Changes

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 450-467 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Margolis ◽  
Feng Hou ◽  
Michael Haan ◽  
Anders Holm
Keyword(s):  
Family Income ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Parental Benefits

The Effects of Union Dissolution on the Economic Resources of Men and Women: A Comparative Analysis of Germany and the United States, 1985–2013

2018 ◽  
Vol 680 (1) ◽  
pp. 235-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulgun Bayaz-Ozturk ◽  
Richard V. Burkhauser ◽  
Kenneth A. Couch ◽  
Richard Hauser
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Family Size ◽  
Initial Period ◽  
Panel Study ◽  
The United States ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Union Dissolution ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
American Women ◽  
Social Welfare Programs

We analyze the consequences of union dissolution on the economic resources of men and women in the United States and Germany over three decades, using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID) and another international survey, the German Socio-Economic Panel, which was modeled after the PSID. Measured either by family size–adjusted “pregovernment” or “postgovernment” incomes (incomes to men and women either before or after taxes and cash transfers from social welfare programs), women fare worse than men in both countries in each of the two time periods we study (1985–1993 and 2005–2013). This is primarily due to reductions in access to their partner’s earnings, even though those reductions are somewhat mitigated by increases in their own earnings and by reductions in taxes and family size. German women experienced larger proportionate reductions in postgovernment resources than American women in the first period examined five years after a family split. American women did worse in the later period, experiencing statistically significant declines in their postgovernment incomes relative to the initial period.

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