Contribution of cardiorespiratory fitness, relative to traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors, to common carotid intima-media thickness

2014 ◽  
Vol 277 (4) ◽  
pp. 439-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Scholl ◽  
M. L. Bots ◽  
S. A. E. Peters
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Media Thickness

scholarly journals Adipokines and Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease in Post‐Menopausal Women: Study of Women's Health Across the Nation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan A. Everson‐Rose ◽  
Emma J. M. Barinas‐Mitchell ◽  
Samar R. El Khoudary ◽  
Hsin‐Hui Huang ◽  
Qi Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Carotid Artery ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Subclinical Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Post Menopausal

Background The menopausal transition is characterized by increased cardiovascular risk, weight gain, and increased adiposity for many women. The adipose‐derived secretory proteins adiponectin and leptin are associated with insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and cardiovascular disease but their role in subclinical atherosclerotic disease is unclear. This cross‐sectional study evaluated the associations of adiponectin and leptin with carotid artery intima‐media thickness, adventitial diameter, presence of carotid plaques, and brachial‐ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in women aged 54 to 65 years. Methods and Results Participants were 1399 women from SWAN (Study of Women's Health Across the Nation), a community‐based study of women transitioning through menopause. Carotid ultrasound and baPWV measures were obtained at SWAN follow‐up visits 12 or 13, when 97% of participants were post‐menopausal. Adipokines were assayed from serum specimens obtained concurrently at these visits. Linear and logistic regression models were used to evaluate adiponectin or leptin, both log‐transformed attributable to skewness, in relationship to carotid artery intima‐media thickness, adventitial diameter, baPWV, and presence of carotid plaque. Covariates included age, race, study site, smoking, alcohol use, obesity, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and menopausal status. Lower levels of adiponectin were related to greater carotid artery intima‐media thickness, wider adventitial diameter, and faster baPWV; associations were attenuated after adjusting for cardiovascular disease risk factors. Higher levels of leptin were associated with greater carotid artery intima‐media thickness and wider adventitial diameter in minimally and fully adjusted models, and contrary to expectation, with slower baPWV, particularly among women with diabetes mellitus or obesity. Conclusions Adiponectin and leptin are 2 important inflammatory pathways that may contribute to adverse subclinical cardiovascular disease risk profiles in women at midlife.

scholarly journals Carotid Intima Media Thickness as a Measure of Cardiovascular Disease Burden in Nigerian Africans with Hypertension and Diabetes Mellitus

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil N. Okeahialam ◽  
Benjamin A. Alonge ◽  
Stephen D. Pam ◽  
Fabian H. Puepet
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Carotid Intima Media Thickness ◽  
Media Thickness ◽  
Need To Evaluate ◽  
And Gender

As part of a larger study of cardiovascular risk factors in nonhypertensive type 2 diabetes patients, we subjected a cohort of diabetics to B mode ultrasonography of the carotid artery to measure the intima media thickness (IMT) and compared it with values in hypertensives and apparently normal controls matched reasonably for gender and age. All groups were comparable in terms of age and gender representation. The mean (SD) of carotid IMT right and left was 0.94 mm (0.12), 0.94 mm (0.16); 0.93 mm (0.21), 0.93 mm (0.15); 0.91 mm (0.17), 0.91 mm (0.13) for diabetic, hypertensive, and normal groups, respectively. There was a nonsignificant tendency to raised IMT for the disease groups from the normal ones. Diabetic and hypertensive Nigerians are equally burdened by cardiovascular disease risk factors. Apparently normal subjects have a reasonable degree of burden suggesting the need to evaluate them for other traditional and emerging risk factors.

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