Ectopic lipid storage and insulin resistance: a harmful relationship

2013 ◽  
Vol 274 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Borén ◽  
M.-R. Taskinen ◽  
S.-O. Olofsson ◽  
M. Levin
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Ectopic Lipid Storage

Intramyocellular fat storage in metabolic diseases

2016 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire Laurens ◽  
Cedric Moro
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Muscle Lipid ◽  
The Past ◽  
Skeletal Muscle Lipid ◽  
Ectopic Lipid Storage

AbstractOver the past decades, obesity and its metabolic co-morbidities such as type 2 diabetes (T2D) developed to reach an endemic scale. However, the mechanisms leading to the development of T2D are still poorly understood. One main predictor for T2D seems to be lipid accumulation in “non-adipose” tissues, best known as ectopic lipid storage. A growing body of data suggests that these lipids may play a role in impairing insulin action in metabolic tissues, such as liver and skeletal muscle. This review aims to discuss recent literature linking ectopic lipid storage and insulin resistance, with emphasis on lipid deposition in skeletal muscle. The link between skeletal muscle lipid content and insulin sensitivity, as well as the mechanisms of lipid-induced insulin resistance and potential therapeutic strategies to alleviate lipotoxic lipid pressure in skeletal muscle will be discussed.

scholarly journals Ectopic fat accumulation in human astrocytes impairs insulin action

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 200701
Author(s):  
Martin Heni ◽  
Sabine S. Eckstein ◽  
Jens Schittenhelm ◽  
Anja Böhm ◽  
Norbert Hogrefe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Metabolism ◽  
Gene Expression Profile ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Insulin Action ◽  
Glycogen Synthesis ◽  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Human Astrocytes ◽  
Ectopic Lipid Storage

Astrocytes provide neurons with structural support and energy in form of lactate, modulate synaptic transmission, are insulin sensitive and act as gatekeeper for water, ions, glutamate and second messengers. Furthermore, astrocytes are important for glucose sensing, possess neuroendocrine functions and also play an important role in cerebral lipid metabolism. To answer the question, if there is a connection between lipid metabolism and insulin action in human astrocytes, we investigated if storage of ectopic lipids in human astrocytes has an impact on insulin signalling in those cells. Human astrocytes were cultured in the presence of a lipid emulsion, consisting of fatty acids and triglycerides, to induce ectopic lipid storage. After several days, cells were stimulated with insulin and gene expression profiling was performed. In addition, phosphorylation of Akt as well as glycogen synthesis and cell proliferation was assessed. Ectopic lipid storage was detected in human astrocytes after lipid exposure and lipid storage was persistent even when the fat emulsion was removed from the cell culture medium. Chronic exposure to lipids induced profound changes in the gene expression profile, whereby some genes showed a reversible gene expression profile upon removal of fat, and some did not. This included FOXO-dependent expression patterns. Furthermore, insulin-induced phosphorylation of Akt was diminished and also insulin-induced glycogen synthesis and proliferation was impaired in lipid-laden astrocytes. Chronic lipid exposure induces lipid storage in human astrocytes accompanied by insulin resistance. Analyses of the gene expression pattern indicated the potential of a partially reversible gene expression profile. Targeting astrocytic insulin resistance by reducing ectopic lipid load might represent a promising treatment target for insulin resistance of the brain in obesity, diabetes and neurodegeneration.

scholarly journals Dissociation of intramyocellular lipid storage and insulin resistance in trained athletes and type 2 diabetes patients; involvement of perilipin 5?

2017 ◽  
Vol 596 (5) ◽  
pp. 857-868 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Gemmink ◽  
Sabine Daemen ◽  
Bram Brouwers ◽  
Peter R. Huntjens ◽  
Gert Schaart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid ◽  
Perilipin 5 ◽  
Diabetes Patients

PS5 - 29. Increased intramyocellular lipid storage capacity is associated with lower fasting-induced insulin resistance

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 117-117
Author(s):  
Madeleen Bosma ◽  
Joris Hoeks ◽  
Noud A. van Herpen ◽  
Johanna Jorgensen ◽  
Esther Kornips ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Storage Capacity ◽  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Intramyocellular Lipid

scholarly journals Role of the Neutral Amino Acid Transporter Slc7a10 in Adipocyte Lipid Storage, Obesity and Insulin Resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ada Admin ◽  
Regine Å. Jersin ◽  
Divya Sri Priyanka Tallapragada ◽  
André Madsen ◽  
Linn Skartveit ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Neutral Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Adipocyte Hypertrophy

Elucidation of mechanisms that govern lipid storage, oxidative stress and insulin resistance may lead to improved therapeutic options for type 2 diabetes and other obesity-related diseases. Here, we find that adipose expression of the small neutral amino acid transporter SLC7A10, also known as alanine-serine-cysteine transporter 1 (ASC-1), shows strong inverse correlates with visceral adiposity, insulin resistance and adipocyte hypertrophy across multiple cohorts. Concordantly, loss of Slc7a10 function in zebrafish <i>in vivo</i> accelerates diet-induced body weight gain and adipocyte enlargement. Mechanistically, SLC7A10 inhibition in human and murine adipocytes decreases adipocyte serine uptake and total glutathione levels and promotes reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation. Conversely, SLC7A10 overexpression decreases ROS generation and increases mitochondrial respiratory capacity. RNA-sequencing revealed consistent changes in gene expression between human adipocytes and zebrafish visceral adipose tissue following loss of SLC7A10, e.g., upregulation of <i>SCD</i> (lipid storage) and downregulation of <i>CPT1A</i> (lipid oxidation). Interestingly, ROS scavenger reduced lipid accumulation and attenuated the lipid-storing effect of SLC7A10 inhibition. These data uncover adipocyte SLC7A10 as a novel important regulator of adipocyte resilience to nutrient and oxidative stress, in part by enhancing glutathione levels and mitochondrial respiration, conducive to decreased ROS generation, lipid accumulation, adipocyte hypertrophy, insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes.

Elderflowers (Sambucus nigra L.) have a significant impact on cellular mechanisms related to lipid storage and insulin resistance

Planta Medica ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 76 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Christensen ◽  
L Olsen ◽  
D Kotowska ◽  
S Bhattacharya ◽  
X Fretté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Sambucus Nigra ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms

RETRACTED: 147 REDUCED SYNTAXIN-5 IN SKELETAL MUSCLE OF PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES. A LINK BETWEEN LIPID STORAGE AND INSULIN RESISTANCE

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-34
Author(s):  
L. Andersson ◽  
S. Myhre ◽  
P. Bostrom ◽  
M. Ståhlman ◽  
B. Vind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Lipid Storage

scholarly journals Role of the Neutral Amino Acid Transporter Slc7a10 in Adipocyte Lipid Storage, Obesity and Insulin Resistance

Diabetes ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. db200096
Author(s):  
Regine Å Jersin ◽  
Divya Sri Priyanka Tallapragada ◽  
André Madsen ◽  
Linn Skartveit ◽  
Even Fjære ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Lipid Storage ◽  
Neutral Amino Acid ◽  
Neutral Amino Acid Transporter ◽  
Acid Transporter
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