The role of adverse childhood experience and social support type in postpartum depression in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evin Ilter Bahadur ◽  
Muhammed Asena ◽  
Yılmaz Yavuz ◽  
Erdem Karabulut ◽  
Elif Nursel Ozmert
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Postpartum Depression ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Adverse Childhood

scholarly journals Socio-Demographic and Environmental Determinants of Adverse Childhood Experience among School-Going Adolescents in Jimma town, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Mekonnen Tsehay ◽  
Mogesie Necho ◽  
Asmare Belete ◽  
Zelalem Belayneh
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experiences ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Full Potential ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Introduction: Adverse childhood experience in adolescents is a global public health concern. Several risk factors have been identified so far across different parts of the world. However, there is a paucity of data in Ethiopia. Objective: To determine the prevalence and associated factors of Adverse Childhood Experience among school-going adolescents retrospectively. Methods: A cross-sectional school-based study was employed. Participants were selected using a multistage sampling technique. Adverse Childhood Experience Questionnaire Scale for childhood maltreatment. Multiple linear regressions were used to determine the association between Adverse Childhood Experience & associated factors. Results: A total of 546 adolescents participated in the study with a response rate of 86%. The mean (±SD) age of participants was 16.83 ± 1.26 years. The majority (442 (81%)) were studying in public schools and 104 (19%) in private schools. Results show that 51.1% reported at least one, and respondents most often faced two ACEs (29.4%), and as many as 10.4% reported at least four or more ACEs. According to the three categories of adverse childhood experience (ACE), from 329 female adolescents, 144(43.8%) had been abused physically, verbally, or sexually, 65(17.8%) had been neglected, and 169(51.1%) had been household dysfunctional. And also, from 217 male adolescents, 93(42.9%) had been abused physically, verbally, or sexually, 49(22%) had neglected, and 117(53.9%) had household dysfunction. Gender, social support, residence, educational status of parent, and having one or more chronic medical, mental, or neurological disorders were significantly associated with Adverse Childhood Experiences. Conclusion: Results of the study show that there was a significant prevalence of Adverse Childhood Experiences. Adverse Childhood Experiences have a tremendous impact on future health, well-being, and opportunity. Reduction and prevention of Adverse Childhood Experiences are mandatory for all children to reach their full potential. Those who are already exposed to Adverse Childhood Experiences also need social support, help them manage their experiences, and lead meaningful lives.

scholarly journals Depression and its determinants among adolescents in Jimma town, Southwest Ethiopia

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
pp. e0250927
Author(s):  
Shimelis Girma ◽  
Mekonnen Tsehay ◽  
Almaz Mamaru ◽  
Mubarek Abera
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Health Questionnaire ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Southwest Ethiopia ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Jimma Town

Objectives To determine the prevalence and socio-demographic and parental-related factors of depression among school adolescents in Jimma town, southwest Ethiopia. Methods Using a cross-sectional survey, 546 school adolescents were screened for depression using the patient health questionnaire (PHQ-9) from five randomly selected public and private schools. Oslo social support scale, adverse childhood experience tool, and socio-demographic questionnaire were used to gather data on risk factors. Linear regression analysis was used, and unstandardized beta (β) coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were reported to declare statistical significance. Results A total of 546 adolescents participated in the study, with a response rate of 97.3%. The mean (±SD) age of participants was 16.8 ± 1.3 years. The majority (81%) of the adolescents were attending day classes at public schools. The prevalence of depression was found to be 28% using the patient health questionnaire. Based on the PHQ-9 depression severity scale, 18.5% and 8.2% of the adolescent had moderate and moderate to severe depression while 1.3% had severe depression. In the final multivariate linear regression analysis, it was found that sex, rural residence, low social support, being in higher grade level, and adverse childhood experience were found to be independently associated with a higher score of depression. Conclusion One in three adolescents was found to have a depressive syndrome. We recommend schools to integrate school mental health service that contains routine screening and intervention services. Moreover, efforts are needed to sensitize and educate the communities on child protection, social support, and safeguarding to effectively tackle the magnitude of adolescent depression.

Maternal Adverse Childhood Experience and Infant Health: Biomedical and Psychosocial Risks as Intermediary Mechanisms

2017 ◽  
Vol 187 ◽  
pp. 282-289.e1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheri Madigan ◽  
Mark Wade ◽  
Andre Plamondon ◽  
Jonathon L. Maguire ◽  
Jennifer M. Jenkins
Keyword(s):  
Infant Health ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Psychosocial Risks ◽  
Adverse Childhood

Youth‒Police Contact: Burdens and Inequities in an Adverse Childhood Experience, 2014‒2017

2021 ◽  
pp. e1-e9
Author(s):  
Amanda Geller
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Adverse Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experience ◽  
Childhood Experiences ◽  
Police Contact ◽  
Adverse Childhood ◽  
Police Encounters ◽  
The Life Course

Objectives. To assess police contact as a potential adverse childhood experience by measuring its prevalence, nature, and distribution among urban adolescents. Methods. Detailed US population-based data on youth‒police contact were collected in the Fragile Families and Child Wellbeing Study (n = 2478) from 2014 to 2017. Using regression modeling, I assessed adolescents’ police exposure and the magnitude and robustness of racial disparities in police contact. Sensitivity analyses examined disparities by behavior and socioeconomic context. Results. Urban youths are heavily policed, beginning in preadolescence. Exposure to policing is unevenly distributed, with non-White adolescents—particularly Black boys—reporting more, and more aggressive, contact than their White counterparts. Hispanic‒White differences and disparities in girls’ experiences were less pronounced but present, particularly in how intrusive stops were. Intrusion disparities were robust to most behavioral controls, but not observed among youths with higher socioeconomic status. Conclusions. Given extant literature documenting adverse health consequences of police encounters, findings implicate policing as a driver of health disparities in adolescence and throughout the life course. Public health infrastructure dedicated to the prevention and treatment of adverse childhood experiences is well suited for mitigating these harms and inequities. (Am J Public Health. Published online ahead of print May 20, 2021: e1–e9. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306259 )

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