Associations of maternal pre-pregnancy underweight with small-for-gestational-age and spontaneous preterm birth, and optimal gestational weight gain in Japanese women

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 988-994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kana Fujiwara ◽  
Shigeru Aoki ◽  
Kentaro Kurasawa ◽  
Mika Okuda ◽  
Tsuneo Takahashi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Japanese Women ◽  
Spontaneous Preterm Birth ◽  
Gestational Weight

scholarly journals Gestational Weight Gain and Pregnancy Outcomes among Nulliparous Women

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Annie M. Dude ◽  
William Grobman ◽  
David Haas ◽  
Brian M. Mercer ◽  
Samuel Parry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Large For Gestational Age ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Excessive Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Hypertensive Disorders

Abstract Objective To determine the association between total gestational weight gain and perinatal outcomes. Study Design Data from the Nulliparous Pregnancy Outcomes Study: Monitoring Mothers-To-Be (NuMoM2b) study were used. Total gestational weight gain was categorized as inadequate, adequate, or excessive based on the 2009 Institute of Medicine guidelines. Outcomes examined included hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, mode of delivery, shoulder dystocia, large for gestational age or small for-gestational age birth weight, and neonatal intensive care unit admission. Results Among 8,628 women, 1,666 (19.3%) had inadequate, 2,945 (34.1%) had adequate, and 4,017 (46.6%) had excessive gestational weight gain. Excessive gestational weight gain was associated with higher odds of hypertensive disorders (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 2.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.78–2.36) Cesarean delivery (aOR = 1.24, 95% CI: 1.09–1.41), and large for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 1.49, 95% CI: 1.23–1.80), but lower odds of small for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.50–0.71). Conversely, inadequate gestational weight gain was associated with lower odds of hypertensive disorders (aOR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.62–0.92), Cesarean delivery (aOR = 0.77, 95% CI: 0.65–0.92), and a large for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 0.72, 95% CI: 0.55–0.94), but higher odds of having a small for gestational age birth weight (aOR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.37–1.96). Conclusion Both excessive and inadequate gestational weight gain are associated with adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes.

291: Gestational weight gain in twin pregnancies is not associated with discordance in birthweight or small for gestational age

2015 ◽  
Vol 212 (1) ◽  
pp. S157
Author(s):  
Bahram Salmanian ◽  
Kathleen Antony ◽  
Diana Racusin ◽  
Kjersti Aagaard ◽  
Amirhoushang Shamshirsaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

scholarly journals Vegetarian diets during pregnancy, and maternal and neonatal outcomes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samrawit F Yisahak ◽  
Stefanie N Hinkle ◽  
Sunni L Mumford ◽  
Mengying Li ◽  
Victoria C Andriessen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Maternal And Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Vegetarian Diets

Abstract Background Vegetarian diets are becoming increasingly popular in the USA. Limited research has examined the health consequences of vegetarian diets during pregnancy. We comprehensively examined associations of vegetarianism during pregnancy with maternal and neonatal outcomes. Methods We used data from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development’s Fetal Growth Studies–Singletons, a prospective multi-site cohort of 1948 low-risk pregnant women of four races/ethnicities (White, Black, Hispanic, Asian/Pacific Islander) in the USA (2009–2013). Vegetarianism was self-reported and also defined based on dietary patterns measured using a self-administered first-trimester food-frequency questionnaire (full [lacto-ovo and vegan], pesco-, semi- and non-vegetarians). Neonatal outcomes included birthweight and neonatal anthropometric measures, small for gestational age, small for gestational age with neonatal morbidity and preterm delivery. Maternal outcomes included gestational weight gain, gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and gestational anaemia. Results Ninety-nine (6.2%) women self-reported being vegetarian. The diet-based definition identified 32 (2.0%) full vegetarians, 7 (0.6%) pesco-vegetarians and 301 (17.6%) semi-vegetarians. Neonates of diet-based full vegetarians had higher odds of being small for gestational age [adjusted odds ratio (ORadj) = 2.51, 95% confidence interval: 1.01, 6.21], but not of being small for gestational age with a postnatal morbidity. Full vegetarians had marginally increased the odds of inadequate second-trimester gestational weight gain (ORadj = 2.24, 95% confidence interval: 0.95, 5.27). Conclusion Vegetarian diets during pregnancy were associated with constitutionally smaller neonatal size, potentially via the mothers’ reduced gestational weight gain. Notably, vegetarianism was not associated with small-for-gestational-age-related morbidities or other adverse maternal outcomes.

scholarly journals Institute of Medicine Recommendations on the Rate of Gestational Weight Gain and Perinatal Outcomes in Rural Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6519
Author(s):  
S. M. Tafsir Hasan ◽  
Md Alfazal Khan ◽  
Tahmeed Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Neonatal Outcome ◽  
Perinatal Outcomes ◽  
Institute Of Medicine ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Iom Recommendations

Although validated in other parts of the world, the suitability of the U.S. Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009 recommendations on gestational weight gain (GWG) for Bangladeshi women remains to be examined. We evaluated the association between the weekly rate of weight gain during the second and third trimester of pregnancy, categorized according to IOM recommendations, and adverse perinatal outcomes among 1569 pregnant women with singleton live births in rural Matlab, Bangladesh. Gaining weight at rates below the IOM recommendations was associated with higher odds of preterm birth (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.1–3.6), low birth weight (AOR = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.03–2.0), small-for-gestational-age newborns (AOR = 1.3, 95% CI: 1.04–1.7), and poor neonatal outcome (severe neonatal morbidity or death, AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.03–5.6). A GWG rate above the recommendations was associated with higher odds of cesarean delivery (AOR = 1.7, 95% CI: 1.1–2.6), preterm birth (AOR = 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1–4.4), large-for-gestational-age newborns (AOR = 5.9, 95% CI: 1.5–23.1), and poor neonatal outcome (AOR = 2.7, 95% CI: 1.04–7.0). Our results suggest that the IOM 2009 recommendations on GWG rate during the second and third trimester may be suitable for guiding rural Bangladeshi women in the prenatal period, although the women should aim for rates near the lower bound of the range.

scholarly journals Using Non-inferiority Margins to Define Optimal Gestational Weight Gain Ranges Based on Reducing the Risk of Occurrence of Adverse Neonatal Outcomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 728-728
Author(s):  
Thais Carrilho ◽  
Jennifer Hutcheon ◽  
Kathleen Rasmussen ◽  
Dayana Farias ◽  
Michael Reichenheim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Composite Outcome ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Adverse Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Z Scores

Abstract Objectives To identify optimal gestational weight gain (GWG) ranges to prevent adverse neonatal outcomes based on the new Brazilian GWG charts. Methods Data from 9,294 women from the Brazilian Maternal and Child Nutrition Consortium and Birth in Brazil study were used. Women aged ≥18 years, free of hypertensive disorders, diabetes in pregnancy, or diseases affecting GWG, were selected. Total GWG was calculated as last measured prenatal weight minus self-reported pre-pregnancy weight. Total GWG was standardized to gestational age-specific z scores according to the Brazilian GWG charts. A composite outcome was defined as the occurrence of any of small-for-gestational-age birth (SGA, birthweight < 10th percentile), large-for-gestational-age birth (LGA > 90th percentile) according to INTERGROWTH-21st charts, or preterm birth (birth < 37 weeks). We weighted each outcome in a composite index using previously-published weights to account for its relative seriousness. Logistic and Poisson regressions were performed with GWG z scores as exposure and independent outcomes and the composite outcome, respectively. Models were adjusted for maternal age, education, pre-pregnancy BMI, and smoking during pregnancy. GWG ranges associated with the lowest risk of the composite outcome were identified using the non-inferiority margins approach (20%). Results The median total GWG was 12.5 kg (IQR 9–16), and 6.2% of the neonates were SGA, 16.6% LGA, and 10.5% were preterm. Higher GWG z scores were associated with an increase in LGA probabilities and preterm birth compared with neonates born with appropriate weight and ≥37 weeks, respectively. Lower z scores were associated with an increase in SGA probability. The non-inferiority margins analysis showed that to prevent the occurrence of these adverse outcomes, women with underweight, normal-weight, overweight, or obesity should gain between 6.5–14.1 kg, 6.4–13.8 kg, 2.2–12.1 kg, and –2.2–8.9 kg, respectively. Conclusions Total GWG ranges associated with lower risk of adverse neonatal outcomes were identified using non-inferiority margins. The next step must incorporate maternal outcomes in this analysis. Funding Sources Brazilian National Research Council, Brazilian Ministry of Health, Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation.

scholarly journals Gestational Weight Gain During the Second and Third Trimesters and Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes, Results From a Prospective Pregnancy Cohort in Urban Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaxi Yang ◽  
Molin Wang ◽  
Deirdre K. Tobias ◽  
Janet W. Rich-Edwards ◽  
Anne Marie Darling ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Pregnancy Outcomes ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Pregnancy Cohort ◽  
Adverse Pregnancy

Abstract Background Appropriate gestational weight gain (GWG) is important for optimal pregnancy outcomes. This study prospectively evaluated the associations between GWG during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy and adverse pregnancy outcomes in an urban Tanzanian pregnancy cohort. Methods We used data from a randomized clinical trial conducted among pregnant women recruited by 27 weeks of gestation in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania (N = 1,230). Women’s gestational weight was measured at baseline and at monthly antenatal visits. Weekly GWG rate during the second and third trimesters was calculated and characterized as inadequate, adequate, or excessive, in conjunction with measured or imputed early-pregnancy BMI status according to the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) GWG guidelines. We used multivariable Poisson regression with a sandwich variance estimator to calculate risk ratios (RR) for associations of GWG with low birth weight, preterm birth, small for gestational age (SGA), and large for gestational age (LGA). Degree of appropriate GWG defined using additional metrics (i.e., percentage of adequacy, z-score) and potential effect modification by maternal BMI were additionally evaluated. Results According to the IOM guidelines, 517 (42.0%), 270 (22.0%), and 443 (36.0%) women were characterized as having inadequate, adequate, and excessive GWG, respectively. Overall, compared to women with adequate GWG, women with inadequate GWG had a lower risk of LGA births (RR=0.54, 95% CI: 0.36 - 0.80) and a higher risk of SGA births (RR=1.32, 95% CI: 0.95 - 1.81). ­­Women with inadequate GWG as defined by percentage of GWG adequacy had a higher risk of LBW (OR=1.93, 95% CI: 1.03 - 3.63). In stratified analyses by early-pregnancy BMI, excessive GWG among women with normal BMI was associated with a higher risk of preterm birth (RR=1.59, 95% CI: 1.03 - 2.44). Conclusions A comparatively high percentage of excessive GWG was observed among healthy pregnant women in Tanzania. Both inadequate and excessive GWGs were associated with elevated risks of poor pregnancy outcomes. Future studies among diverse SSA populations are warranted to confirm our findings, and clinical recommendations on optimal GWG should be developed to promote healthy GWG in SSA settings. Trial registration This trial was registered as “Prenatal Iron Supplements: Safety and Efficacy in Tanzania” (NCT01119612; http://clinicaltrials.gov/show/NCT01119612).

scholarly journals Maternal sleep duration and neonatal birth weight: the Japan Environment and Children’s Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Murata ◽  
◽  
Hyo Kyozuka ◽  
Toma Fukuda ◽  
Shun Yasuda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Low Birth Weight ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Gestational Weight Gain ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Small For Gestational Age ◽  
Low Birth Weight Infants ◽  
Gestational Weight ◽  
Maternal Sleep

Abstract Background The adequate maternal sleep duration required for favorable obstetric outcomes is unknown. We evaluated the association between maternal sleep duration and low birth weight infants, small for gestational age infants, and macrosomia. Methods Participants enrolled in the Japan Environment and Children’s Study, a nationwide birth cohort study, with singleton pregnancies after 22 weeks, who gave birth between 2011 and 2014 were enrolled and categorized into five groups according to maternal sleep duration during pregnancy: < 6.0 h, 6.0–7.9 h, 8.0–8.9 h, 9.0–9.9 h, and 10.0–12.0 h. We evaluated the association between maternal sleep duration and the incidence of low birth weight infants (< 2500 g), very low birth weight infants (< 1500 g), small for gestational age infants, and macrosomia (> 4000 g), with women with maternal sleep duration of 6.0–7.9 h as the reference, using a multiple logistic regression model. Results In total, 82,171 participants were analyzed. The adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for low birth weight infants in women with maternal sleep duration of 9.0–9.9 h and 10.0–12.0 h and for small for gestational age infants in women with maternal sleep duration of 9.0–9.9 h were 0.90 (0.83–0.99), 0.86 (0.76–0.99), and 0.91 (0.82–0.99), respectively, before adjusting for excessive gestational weight gain. No significant association was observed between maternal sleep duration and these outcomes after adjusting for excessive gestational weight gain. Among women with appropriate gestational weight gain, the adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) for low birth weight infants and for small for gestational age infants with sleep duration of 9.0–9.9 h were 0.88 (0.80–0.97) and 0.87 (0.78–0.97), respectively. Conclusions Maternal sleep duration of 9.0–9.9 h was significantly associated with the decreased incidence of low birth weight infants and small for gestational age infants in pregnant women with appropriate gestational weight gain, compared with that of 6.0–7.9 h. Care providers should provide proper counseling regarding the association between maternal sleep duration and neonatal birth weight and suggest comprehensive maternal lifestyle modifications to prevent low birth weight and small for gestational age infants.

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