Botulinum toxin type A attenuates hypertrophic scar formation via the inhibition of TGF‐β1/Smad and ERK pathways

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue‐Hua Li ◽  
Jiaomei Yang ◽  
Zhao Zheng ◽  
Da‐Hai Hu ◽  
Zhi‐Dong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Scar Formation ◽  
Tgf Β1

scholarly journals Botulinum toxin type A suppresses pro-fibrotic effects via the JNK signaling pathway in hypertrophic scar fibroblasts

2019 ◽  
Vol 311 (10) ◽  
pp. 807-814 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gil Soon Park ◽  
Min Kyun An ◽  
Ji Ha Yoon ◽  
Seok Soon Park ◽  
Sung Hoon Koh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Jnk Signaling ◽  
Jnk Signaling Pathway

scholarly journals Exercise training improves the adipocyte accumulation and muscle fibrosis of the muscle by TGF-β1 and α-SMA reduction after botulinum toxin type A administration in mice

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esther Lee ◽  
Song I Im ◽  
Yu-jin Kim ◽  
Su Young Kim ◽  
Jungtae Na ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Gastrocnemius Muscle ◽  
Treadmill Exercise ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Histological Evaluation ◽  
Muscle Fibrosis ◽  
Volume Weight ◽  
Tgf Β1

Abstract Background: We aimed to investigate the effect of treadmill exercise on functional recovery of the mouse gastrocnemius muscle and nerve after botulinum toxin type A (BoNT-A) administration. Methods: After injecting 0.5 units of BoNT-A into the gastrocnemius muscle of ICR mice, treadmill exercise was carried out for a six-week period, after which the muscle volume, weight, and sciatic functional index (SFI) were obtained and nerve conduction study (NCS) and histological evaluation were performed. Results: There was no change in the gastrocnemius weight and volume, but NCS and SFI increased after exercise. Exercise prevented induced adipocyte accumulation and muscle fibrosis. Moreover, TGF-β1 and α-SMA expression decreased and CD34, BDNF, and SNAP-25 expression increased when treadmill exercise was performed after BoNT-A injection. Conclusions: The exercise was effective in the recovery of nerve function and would help in the recovery of muscle function by preventing accumulation of fat cells and muscle fibrosis after BoNT-A administration.

scholarly journals Effects of Botulinum Toxin Type A on Microvessels in Hypertrophic Scar Models on Rabbit Ears

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Na Zhou ◽  
Dongping Li ◽  
Yanzhu Luo ◽  
Junping Li ◽  
Yuhong Wang
Keyword(s):  
Botulinum Toxin ◽  
Hypertrophic Scar ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type A ◽  
Type A ◽  
Botulinum Toxin Type ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hematopoietic Progenitor Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vegf Expression ◽  
Rabbit Ears

Background. Although Botulinum Toxin Type A (BTXA) has been applied to scar prevention and treatment, the mechanisms still require further exploration. Objective. To investigate the effects of BTXA on microvessels in the hypertrophic scar models on rabbit ears. Methods. Eight big-eared New Zealand rabbits (males or females) were selected to establish scar models. One ear of each rabbit (4 models in each ear) was selected randomly to be injected with BTXA immediately after modeling and included in the treated group, while the opposite ear was untreated and included in the control group. The growth of scars in each group was observed and recorded, and 4 rabbits were sacrificed on days 30 and 45 after modeling. Then, scar height was measured by hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression was detected by immunohistochemical (IHC) testing, and microvessel density (MVD) was calculated based on CD34 (human hematopoietic progenitor cell antigen). Results. The wounds in each group were well healed and free from infection or necrosis. On days 30 and 45, the scar height, MVD value, and VEGF expression in the treated group were lower than those in the control group (P<0.05). For the treated group, the above indicators on day 45 were lower than on day 30 (P>0.05). Besides, there was a positive correlation between the MVD value and the VEGF expression in the treated group (P<0.05). Conclusion. The injection of BTXA immediately after modeling inhibits VEGF expression and reduces angiogenesis, thereby inhibiting hypertrophic scar formation.

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