Recently increased prevalence of the human median artery of the forearm: A microevolutionary change

2020 ◽  
Vol 237 (4) ◽  
pp. 623-631
Author(s):  
Teghan Lucas ◽  
Jaliya Kumaratilake ◽  
Maciej Henneberg
Keyword(s):  
Microevolutionary Change ◽  
Median Artery

Assessment of the Radial Artery and Hand Circulation by Computed Tomography Angiography: A Pilot Study

2005 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omer Faruk Dogan ◽  
Musturay Karcaaltincaba ◽  
Umit Duman ◽  
Deniz Akata ◽  
Aytekin Besim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Coronary Artery Bypass ◽  
Radial Artery ◽  
Anatomic Variation ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Bypass Graft ◽  
Preoperative Imaging ◽  
Median Artery ◽  
Test Result

Objectives: The radial artery (RA) is increasingly being used as a coronary bypass graft. Results of a previous study using Doppler ultrasound and histopathologic examinations indicated that the RA has a higher incidence of preexisting intimal hyperplasia, medial calcification, and atherosclerosis than the internal thoracic artery. The aims of this study were to evaluate the use of computed tomographic angiography (CTA) to display hand collateral circulation, to define the criteria for an abnormal CTA test result, and to demonstrate usefulness of CTA as an alternative to conventional angiography for evaluation of the radial artery. Materials and Methods: Sixteen patients scheduled for coronary artery bypass grafting entered this study. We performed 32 examinations of forearm and hand arterial anatomy in these patients. CTA was performed in patients with a normal Allen test result, except 1 patient who had a persistent median artery. Soft tissue density forehand roentgenography was performed in all patients before the CTA evaluation. There was no selection of patients in relation to patient characteristics. As a risk factor for radial artery calcification, 6 of the patients had diabetes mellitus, 6 had aortofemoral occlusive disease, and 4 had a history of smoking. Results: Bilateral forearm arteries were visualized in all patients. Severe RA calcification was found in 1 patient, and distal occlusion was found in another patient. Focal RA calcification was noted in 2 patients. In the remaining patients no radial artery calcification or occlusion was noted. Anatomic variation of the upper limb arteries was shown in 2 patients; these variations were persistent median artery with absence of the radial and ulnar arteries and high bifurcation of the radial artery from the brachial artery. Conclusion: CTA is useful and safe for detection of radial artery calcific disease and assessment of the forehand circulation and its anatomic variations. Preoperative imaging of the RA is a means to avoid unnecessary forearm exploration or inadvertent use of a diseased conduit in coronary artery bypass candidates with multiple risk factors such as diabetes mellitus.

Arterial Blood Supply and Angiography of the Fore Foot in One- Humped Camel (Camelus dromederius)

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Supply ◽  
Digital Artery ◽  
Detailed Data ◽  
Arterial Blood Supply ◽  
Anatomical Dissection ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Median Artery ◽  
Dorsal Metacarpal Artery

The present study was conducted on eight fresh forelimbs to investigate a detailed anatomical description of the arterial blood supply in adult dromedary camel’s foot. Anatomical and angiographic techniques were used in order to give detailed data about the origin and pattern of distribution of these arteries. Moreover, this data serve other researchers in comparison with different animals. The specimens injected with red colored gum milk latex for anatomical dissection and urograffin injection for angiographic purposes throughout the median artery. The main arterial blood supply of camel’s digit was derived from common palmar digital artery, palmar metacarpal artery, in addition to smaller branches detached from the dorsal metacarpal artery.

Persistent median artery in the hand: A report with a brief review of the literature

2006 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshihiro Tsuruo ◽  
Takashi Ueyama ◽  
Takao Ito ◽  
Sakiko Nanjo ◽  
Hiroaki Gyoubu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Median Artery

scholarly journals Eco-evolutionary dynamics

2009 ◽  
Vol 364 (1523) ◽  
pp. 1483-1489 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Pelletier ◽  
D. Garant ◽  
A.P. Hendry
Keyword(s):  
Time Scale ◽  
Evolutionary Dynamics ◽  
Evolutionary Change ◽  
Ecological Change ◽  
Evolutionary Changes ◽  
Microevolutionary Change ◽  
Theoretical Developments ◽  
Rapid Evolutionary Change

Evolutionary ecologists and population biologists have recently considered that ecological and evolutionary changes are intimately linked and can occur on the same time-scale. Recent theoretical developments have shown how the feedback between ecological and evolutionary dynamics can be linked, and there are now empirical demonstrations showing that ecological change can lead to rapid evolutionary change. We also have evidence that microevolutionary change can leave an ecological signature. We are at a stage where the integration of ecology and evolution is a necessary step towards major advances in our understanding of the processes that shape and maintain biodiversity. This special feature about ‘eco-evolutionary dynamics’ brings together biologists from empirical and theoretical backgrounds to bridge the gap between ecology and evolution and provide a series of contributions aimed at quantifying the interactions between these fundamental processes.

Milankovitch cycles and their effects on species in ecological and evolutionary time

Paleobiology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. D. Bennett
Keyword(s):  
Time Scales ◽  
Climatic Changes ◽  
Milankovitch Cycles ◽  
Mass Extinctions ◽  
Geological Time ◽  
Evolutionary Time ◽  
Abiotic Environment ◽  
Earth History ◽  
Microevolutionary Change ◽  
Second Tier

The Quaternary ice ages were paced by astronomical cycles with periodicities of 20–100 k.y. (Milankovitch cycles). These cycles have been present throughout earth history. The Quaternary fossil record, marine and terrestrial, near to and remote from centers of glaciation, shows that communities of plants and animals are temporary, lasting only a few thousand years at the most. Response of populations to the climatic changes of Quaternary Milankovitch cycles can be taken as typical of the way populations have behaved throughout earth history. Milankovitch cycles thus force an instability of climate and other aspects of the biotic and abiotic environment on time scales much less than typical species durations (1–30 m.y.). Any microevolutionary change that accumulates on a time scale of thousands of years is likely to be lost as communities are reorganized following climatic changes. A four-tier hierarchy of time scales for evolutionary processes can be constructed as follows: ecological time (thousands of years), Milankovitch cycles (20–100 k.y.), geological time (millions of years), mass extinctions (approximately 26 m.y.). “Ecological time” and “geological time” are defined temporally as the intervals between events of the second and fourth tiers, respectively. Gould's (1985) “paradox of the first tier” can be resolved, at least in part, through the undoing of Darwinian natural selection at the first tier by Milankovitch cycles at the second tier.

scholarly journals Upper limb arterial pattern: clinical correlation and embryological perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laishram Sophia ◽  
Darshita Singh ◽  
Neha Xalxo ◽  
Anjoo Yadav ◽  
Sneh Agarwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Upper Limb ◽  
Brachial Artery ◽  
Axillary Artery ◽  
Common Trunk ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Palmar Arch ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Human Cadavers ◽  
Median Artery ◽  
Development Methods

Abstract Background Variations in the upper limb arterial pattern are commonplace and necessitate complete familiarity for successful surgical and interventional procedures. Variance in the vascular tree may involve any part of the axis artery of the upper limb, including the axillary artery and brachial artery or its branches, in the form of radial and ulnar arteries, which eventually supply the hand via anastomosing arches. Objectives To study the peculiarities of the arterial pattern of the upper limb and to correlate them with embryological development. Methods The entire arterial branching of forty-two upper limbs of formalin fixed adult human cadavers was examined during routine dissection for educational purposes, conducted over a 3-year period in the Department of Anatomy, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi. Results The study found: 1) One case in which a common trunk arose from the third part of the axillary artery, which immediately splayed into four branches (2.4%); 2) High division of the brachial artery into ulnar and radial arteries, in 3 cases (7.1%); 3) Pentafurcation of the brachial artery into ulnar, interosseus, radial, and radial recurrent arteries and a muscular twig to the brachioradialis in 1/42 cases (2.4%); 4) Incomplete Superficial Palmar arch in 3/42 cases (7.1%); and 5) Presence of a median artery in 2/42 case(4.8%) Conclusions This study observed and described the varied arterial patterns of the upper limb and identified the various anomalous patterns, supplementing the surgeon’s armamentarium in various surgical procedures, thereby helping to prevent complications or failures of reconstructive surgeries, bypass angiography, and many similar procedures.

scholarly journals Thrombosis of persistent median artery as a cause of carpal tunnel syndrome : case report

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (3) ◽  
pp. 529-532
Author(s):  
S Arnauw ◽  
G De Wachter
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Conservative Treatment ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Complete Relief ◽  
Anatomical Variant ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Median Artery

Carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS) is a common peripheral neuropathy, caused by compression of the median nerve. Symptoms usually are present for months and aggravate over time. Acute onset of complaints and symptoms, like coldness of the hand, should raise awareness of a possible vascular cause of CTS.Persistent median artery (PMA) is a very rare anatomical variant of the blood supply of the upper limb. The presence of a thrombosed PMA is an extremely rare cause of CTS. In this article a case is presented in which the patient has carpal tunnel syndrome of his left hand, caused by a thrombosed persistent median artery. Conservative treatment, consisting of rest, ice applica- tion and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, failed. Surgical excision of the thrombosis and open exploration of the carpal tunnel was performed, with complete relief of symptoms. In literature different treatment options, like conservative treatment with antiplatelet therapy or surgical excision of the throm- bosis and decompression of the nerve, are described with good results. However up until now, no consensus exists about the golden standard in treatment of a thrombosed persistent median artery.

A PERSISTENT MEDIAN ARTERY AND BIFID MEDIAN NERVE IN THE SETTING OF CARPAL TUNNEL SYNDROME

2012 ◽  
Vol 15 (02) ◽  
pp. 1272004
Author(s):  
M. Lee Spangler ◽  
Emad Almusa ◽  
Cynthia Britton
Keyword(s):  
Carpal Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Median Nerve ◽  
Carpal Tunnel ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
Anatomic Variants ◽  
Tunnel Syndrome ◽  
Median Artery

We present a case of bifid median nerve and a persistent median artery presenting in the setting of carpal tunnel syndrome. The importance of these anatomic variants and their imaging features and workup are discussed.

Ultrasound Imaging of Persistent Median Artery and Veins in an Asymptomatic Patient With a Bifid Median Nerve

2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. e127-e128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timur Ekiz ◽  
Şule Şahin Onat ◽  
Süha Yalçin ◽  
Çağri Atik ◽  
Levent Özçakar
Keyword(s):  
Median Nerve ◽  
Ultrasound Imaging ◽  
Asymptomatic Patient ◽  
Median Artery
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document