Views of Black Nurses Toward Genetic Research and Testing

This paper is an introduction to behavioral genetics for researchers and practioners in language development and disorders. The specific aims are to illustrate some essential concepts and to show how behavioral genetic research can be applied to the language sciences. Past genetic research on language-related traits has tended to focus on simple etiology (i.e., the heritability or familiality of language skills). The current state of the art, however, suggests that great promise lies in addressing more complex questions through behavioral genetic paradigms. In terms of future goals it is suggested that: (a) more behavioral genetic work of all types should be done—including replications and expansions of preliminary studies already in print; (b) work should focus on fine-grained, theory-based phenotypes with research designs that can address complex questions in language development; and (c) work in this area should utilize a variety of samples and methods (e.g., twin and family samples, heritability and segregation analyses, linkage and association tests, etc.).

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Race on Both Sides of the Razor

Kalfou A Journal of Comparative and Relational Ethnic Studies ◽

10.15367/kf.v5i1.194 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Terence D. Keel

Keyword(s):

Social Constructionism ◽

Political Correctness ◽

Genetic Basis ◽

Genetic Research ◽

Scientific Progress ◽

Social Constructionist ◽

Behavioral Differences ◽

Social Activists ◽

Continued Use ◽

Biological Differences

The proliferation of studies declaring that there is a genetic basis to health disparities and behavioral differences across the so-called races has encouraged the opponents of social constructionism to assert a victory for scientific progress over political correctness. I am not concerned in this essay with providing a response to critics who believe races are expressions of innate genetic or biological differences. Instead, I am interested in how genetic research on human differences has divided social constructionists over whether the race concept in science can be used for social justice and redressing embodied forms of discrimination. On one side, there is the position that race is an inherently flawed concept and that its continued use by scientists, medical professionals, and even social activists keeps alive the notion that it has a biological basis. On the other side of this debate are those who maintain a social constructionist position yet argue that not all instances of race in science stem from discriminatory politics or the desire to prove that humans belong to discrete biological units that can then be classified as superior or inferior. I would like to shift this debate away from the question of whether race is real and move instead toward thinking about the intellectual commitments necessary for science to expose past legacies of discrimination.

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The Ethics of Genetic Research on Indigenous Populations

Ethics in Biology Engineering and Medicine An International Journal ◽

10.1615/.2014011474 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 339-350

Author(s):

Kim Skoog

Keyword(s):

Genetic Research ◽

Indigenous Populations

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Cancer of the vulva: genetic aspects of pathogenesis

GYNECOLOGY ◽

10.26442/2079-5696_2018.4.9-11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 20 (4) ◽

pp. 9-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

V V Sobolev ◽

Z A Nevozinskaya ◽

A G Soboleva ◽

I M Korsunskaya

Keyword(s):

Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽

Nucleotide Sequence ◽

Cell Carcinoma ◽

Squamous Cell ◽

Somatic Mutations ◽

Genetic Research ◽

Tp53 Gene ◽

Gene Activity ◽

Genetic Changes ◽

Methylation Of Dna

The review is devoted to genetic research in cancer of the vulva. In genetic changes, the mutation irreversibly changes the nucleotide sequence of DNA, or the number of copies of chromosomes changes per cell. In epigenetics, the nucleotide sequence remains unchanged, but gene activity is regulated by methylation of DNA or modification of histones. Most of the studies analyzed are devoted to the study of mutations in the TP53 gene. Many studies indicate that somatic mutations are more common in HPV-negative than in HPV-positive patients. Epigenetic studies in the main devoted to hypermethylation. The gene CDKN2A is most often studied in epigenetic terms. For most of the studied genes, hypermethylation occurs more often in squamous cell carcinoma of the vulva than in the precursors.

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GENETIC RESEARCH: LEGISLATION AND CRIMINAL POLICY

10.31085/9785392327621-2020-200 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

D. N. Sergeev ◽

I. Y. Kozachenko ◽

M. A. Bolkov ◽

P. A. Larionov ◽

I. A. Tuzankina ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Genetic Research ◽

Criminal Policy

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Personality Genetics

10.31234/osf.io/3rz8y ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Jaime Derringer

Keyword(s):

Cultural Context ◽

Behavior Genetics ◽

Genetic Research ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Experimental Manipulation ◽

Sequence Information ◽

Natural Experiments ◽

Genetic Sequence ◽

Form And Function ◽

Causal Pathway

Although correlations between personality and health are consistently observed, often the causal pathway, or even the direction of effect, is unknown. Genes provide an additional node of information which may be included to help clarify the relationship between personality and health. Genetically informative studies, whether focused on family-identified relationships or specific genotypes, provide clear benefits to disentangling causal processes. Genetic measures approach near universal reliability and validity: processes of inheritance are consistent across cultures, geography, and time, such that similar models and instruments may be applied to incredibly diverse populations. Although frequency and intercorrelations differ by ancestry background (Novembre et al., 2008) and cultural context (Tucker-Drob & Bates, 2016) may exert powerful moderating effects, fundamental form and function is consistent across all members of our species, and even many other species. Genetic sequence information is also of course highly temporally stable, and possesses temporal precedence. That is, the literal genetic sequence is lifetime-stable and comes before all other experiences. Human behavior genetic research, like most personality research, faces limitations in terms of causal inferences that may be made in the absence of experimental manipulation. But behavior genetics takes advantage of natural experiments: populations that differ in terms of genetic similarity (either inferred – such as twins – or measured – such as genotyping methods) to begin to unravel the complex influences on individual differences in personality and health outcomes.

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