Interference and conflict monitoring in individuals with amnestic mild cognitive impairment: A structural study of the anterior cingulate cortex

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia M. Borsa ◽  
Pasquale A. Della Rosa ◽  
Eleonora Catricalà ◽  
Matteo Canini ◽  
Antonella Iadanza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Structural Study ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Conflict Monitoring

Reduced Thickness of the Anterior Cingulate Cortex as a Predictor of Amnestic-Mild Cognitive Impairment Conversion to Alzheimer’s Disease with Psychosis

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Hee-Jeong Jeong ◽  
Young-Min Lee ◽  
Je-Min Park ◽  
Byung-Dae Lee ◽  
Eunsoo Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Cortical Thickness ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Amnestic Mild Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal Study ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Background: A long-term follow-up study in patients with amnestic mild cognitive impairment (aMCI) is needed to elucidate the association between regional brain volume and psychopathological mechanisms of Alzheimer’s disease with psychosis (AD + P). Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the thickness of the angular cingulate cortex (ACC) on the risk of AD + P conversion in patients with aMCI. Methods: This was a hospital-based prospective longitudinal study including 174 patients with aMCI. The main outcome measure was time-to-progression from aMCI to AD + P. Subregions of the ACC (rostral ACC, rACC; caudal ACC, cACC) and hippocampus (HC) were measured as regions of interest with magnetic resonance imaging and the Freesurfer analysis at baseline. Survival analysis with time to incident AD + P as an event variable was calculated with Cox proportional hazards models using the subregions of the ACC and HC as a continuous variable. Results: Cox proportional hazard analyses showed that the risk of AD + P was associated with sub-regional ACC thickness but not HC volume: reduced cortical thickness of the left cACC (HR [95%CI], 0.224 [0.087–0.575], p = 0.002), right cACC (HR [95%CI], 0.318 [0.132–0.768], p = 0.011). This association of the cACC with the risk of AD also remained significant when adjusted for HC volume. Conclusion: We found that reduced cortical thickness of the cACC is a predictor of aMCI conversion to AD + P, independent of HC, suggesting that the ACC plays a vital role in the underlying pathogenesis of AD + P.

scholarly journals Error Negativity Does Not Reflect Conflict: A Reappraisal of Conflict Monitoring and Anterior Cingulate Cortex Activity

2008 ◽  
Vol 20 (9) ◽  
pp. 1637-1655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Borís Burle ◽  
Clémence Roger ◽  
Sonia Allain ◽  
Franck Vidal ◽  
Thierry Hasbroucq
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Short Time Scale ◽  
Conflict Monitoring ◽  
Error Related Negativity ◽  
On Line ◽  
Trial Basis ◽  
Temporal Overlap

Our ability to detect and correct errors is essential for our adaptive behavior. The conflict-loop theory states that the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) plays a key role in detecting the need to increase control through conflict monitoring. Such monitoring is assumed to manifest itself in an electroencephalographic (EEG) component, the “error negativity” (Ne or “error-related negativity” [ERN]). We have directly tested the hypothesis that the ACC monitors conflict through simulation and experimental studies. Both the simulated and EEG traces were sorted, on a trial-by-trial basis, as a function of the degree of conflict, measured as the temporal overlap between incorrect and correct response activations. The simulations clearly show that conflict increases as temporal overlap between response activation increases, whereas the experimental results demonstrate that the amplitude of the Ne decreases as temporal overlap increases, suggesting that the ACC does not monitor conflict. At a functional level, the results show that the duration of the Ne depends on the time needed to correct (partial) errors, revealing an “on-line” modulation of control on a very short time scale.

scholarly journals Anticipation of conflict monitoring in the anterior cingulate cortex and the prefrontal cortex

2007 ◽  
Vol 104 (25) ◽  
pp. 10330-10334 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.-H. Sohn ◽  
M. V. Albert ◽  
K. Jung ◽  
C. S. Carter ◽  
J. R. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Prefrontal Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Cingulate Cortex ◽  
Anterior Cingulate ◽  
Conflict Monitoring
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