New perspectives on the role of the neurosteroid pregnenolone as an endogenous regulator of type‐1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) activity and function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierre‐Louis Raux ◽  
Guillaume Drutel ◽  
Jean‐Michel Revest ◽  
Monique Vallée
Keyword(s):  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Endogenous Regulator ◽  
And Function ◽  
Type 1 Cannabinoid Receptor

scholarly journals On the Role of Central Type-1 Cannabinoid Receptor Gene Regulation in Food Intake and Eating Behaviors

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 398
Author(s):  
Mariangela Pucci ◽  
Elizabeta Zaplatic ◽  
Maria Vittoria Micioni Di Bonaventura ◽  
Emanuela Micioni Di Bonaventura ◽  
Paolo De Cristofaro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Eating Behaviors ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptors ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Receptor Gene ◽  
Endocannabinoid System ◽  
Central Type ◽  
Type 1 Cannabinoid Receptor

Different neuromodulatory systems are involved in long-term energy balance and body weight and, among these, evidence shows that the endocannabinoid system, in particular the activation of type-1 cannabinoid receptor, plays a key role. We here review current literature focusing on the role of the gene encoding type-1 cannabinoid receptors in the CNS and on the modulation of its expression by food intake and specific eating behaviors. We point out the importance to further investigate how environmental cues might have a role in the development of obesity as well as eating disorders through the transcriptional regulation of this gene in order to prevent or to treat these pathologies.

scholarly journals Estrogens and Spermiogenesis: New Insights from Type 1 Cannabinoid Receptor Knockout Mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giovanna Cacciola ◽  
Teresa Chioccarelli ◽  
Silvia Fasano ◽  
Riccardo Pierantoni ◽  
Gilda Cobellis
Keyword(s):  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Terminal Differentiation ◽  
Environmental Chemicals ◽  
Complex Mechanism ◽  
Autocrine Factors ◽  
Estrogenic Effects ◽  
Male Gametes ◽  
Type 1 Cannabinoid Receptor

Spermatogenesis is a complex mechanism which allows the production of male gametes; it consists of mitotic, meiotic, and differentiation phases. Spermiogenesis is the terminal differentiation process during which haploid round spermatids undergo several biochemical and morphological changes, including extensive remodelling of chromatin and nuclear shape. Spermiogenesis is under control of endocrine, paracrine, and autocrine factors, like gonadotropins and testosterone. More recently, emerging pieces of evidence are suggesting that, among these factors, estrogens may have a role. To date, this is a matter of debate and concern because of the agonistic and antagonistic estrogenic effects that environmental chemicals may have on animal and human with damaging outcome on fertility. In this review, we summarize data which fuel this debate, with a particular attention to our recent results, obtained using type 1 cannabinoid receptor knockout male mice as animal model.

Astroglial type-1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1): A new player in the tripartite synapse

Neuroscience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 323 ◽  
pp. 35-42 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.F. Oliveira da Cruz ◽  
L.M. Robin ◽  
F. Drago ◽  
G. Marsicano ◽  
M. Metna-Laurent
Keyword(s):  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Tripartite Synapse ◽  
Type 1 Cannabinoid Receptor

Anandamide regulates the expression of GnRH1, GnRH2, and GnRH-Rs in frog testis

2012 ◽  
Vol 303 (4) ◽  
pp. E475-E487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosanna Chianese ◽  
Vincenza Ciaramella ◽  
Donatella Scarpa ◽  
Silvia Fasano ◽  
Riccardo Pierantoni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Rana Esculenta ◽  
Sexual Cycle ◽  
Human Testis ◽  
Biosynthetic Enzyme ◽  
Endogenous Production ◽  
Cb1 Antagonist ◽  
Type 1 Cannabinoid Receptor

Gonadotropin-releasing hormone (either GnRH1 or GnRH2) exerts a local activity in vertebrate testis, including human testis. Relationships between endocannabinoid (eCB) and GnRH systems in gonads have never been elucidated in any species so far. To reveal a cross-talk between eCBs and GnRH at testicular level, we characterized the expression of GnRH ( GnRH1 and GnRH2) as well as GnRH receptor ( GnRH-R1, -R2, and -R3) mRNA in the testis of the anuran amphibian Rana esculenta during the annual sexual cycle; furthermore, the corresponding transcripts were localized inside the testis by in situ hybridization. The possible endogenous production of the eCB, anandamide (AEA), was investigated in testis by analyzing the expression of its biosynthetic enzyme, Nape-pld. Incubations of testis pieces with AEA were carried out in the postreproductive period (June) and in February, when a new spermatogenetic wave takes place. In June, AEA treatment significantly decreased GnRH1 and GnRH-R2 mRNA, stimulated the transcription of GnRH2 and GnRH-R1, and did not affect GnRH-R3 expression. In February, AEA treatment upregulated GnRH2 and GnRH-R3 mRNA, downregulated GnRH-R2, and did not affect GnRH1 and GnRH-R1 expression. These effects were mediated by type 1 cannabinoid receptor ( CB1) since they were fully counteracted by SR141716A (Rimonabant), a selective CB1 antagonist. In conclusion, eCB system modulates GnRH activity in frog testis during the annual sexual cycle in a stage-dependent fashion.

scholarly journals Type 1 cannabinoid receptor modulates water deprivation-induced homeostatic responses

2015 ◽  
Vol 309 (11) ◽  
pp. R1358-R1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia G. Ruginsk ◽  
Fernanda M. V. Vechiato ◽  
Ernane T. Uchoa ◽  
Lucila L. K. Elias ◽  
Jose Antunes-Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Water Deprivation ◽  
Energy Homeostasis ◽  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Hydration Status ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Type 1 Cannabinoid Receptor

The present study investigated the type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) as a potential candidate to mediate the homeostatic responses triggered by 24 h of water deprivation, which constitutes primarily a hydroelectrolytic challenge and also significantly impacts energy homeostasis. The present results demonstrated for the first time that CB1R mRNA expression is increased in the hypothalamus of water-deprived (WD) rats. Furthermore, the administration of ACEA, a CB1R selective agonist, potentiated WD-induced dipsogenic effect, whereas AM251, a CB1R antagonist, attenuated not only water but also salt intake in response to WD. In parallel with the modulation of thirst and salt appetite, we confirmed that CB1Rs are essential for the development of appropriated neuroendocrine responses. Although the administration of ACEA or AM251 did not produce any effects on WD-induced arginine vasopressin (AVP) secretion, oxytocin (OXT) plasma concentrations were significantly decreased in WD rats treated with ACEA. At the genomic level, ACEA significantly decreased AVP and OXT mRNA expression in the hypothalamus of WD rats, whereas AM251 potentiated both basal and WD-induced stimulatory effects on the transcription of AVP and OXT genes. In addition, we showed that water deprivation alone upregulated proopiomelanocortin, Agouti-related peptide, melanin-concentrating hormone, and orexin A mRNA levels in the hypothalamus, and that CB1Rs regulate main central peptidergic pathways controlling food intake, being that most of these effects were also significantly influenced by the hydration status. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated that CB1Rs participate in the homeostatic responses regulating fluid balance and energy homeostasis during water deprivation.

Distribution of type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1)-immunoreactive axons in the mouse hypothalamus

2007 ◽  
Vol 503 (2) ◽  
pp. 270-279 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gábor Wittmann ◽  
Levente Deli ◽  
Imre Kalló ◽  
Erik Hrabovszky ◽  
Masahiko Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Type 1 Cannabinoid Receptor ◽  
Immunoreactive Axons
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