scholarly journals Folic acid, but not folate, regulates different stages of neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus of adult female rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wansu Qiu ◽  
Aarthi R. Gobinath ◽  
Yanhua Wen ◽  
Jehannine Austin ◽  
Liisa A. M. Galea
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Ventral Hippocampus ◽  
Female Rats

scholarly journals Folic acid, but not folate, regulates different stages of neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus of adult female rats

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wansu Qiu ◽  
Aarthi R. Gobinath ◽  
Yanhua Wen ◽  
Jehannine Austin ◽  
Liisa A.M. Galea
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Ventral Hippocampus ◽  
Plasma Homocysteine ◽  
Hippocampal Neurogenesis ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Serum Corticosterone ◽  
Immature Neurons ◽  
Low Levels

ABSTRACTFolate is an important regulator of hippocampal neurogenesis, and in utero spinal cord development. Both high levels of folic acid and low levels of folate can be harmful to health, as low levels of folate have been linked to several diseases while high folic acid supplements can mask a vitamin B12 deficiency. Depressed patients exhibit folate deficiencies, lower levels of hippocampal neurogenesis, elevated levels of homocysteine, and elevated levels of the stress hormone, cortisol, which may be inter-related. Here, we are interested in whether different doses of natural folate or synthetic folic acid diets can influence neurogenesis in the hippocampus, levels of plasma homocysteine, and serum corticosterone in adult female rats. Adult female Sprague-Dawley rats underwent dietary interventions for 29 days. Animals were randomly assigned to six different dietary groups: folate deficient + succinylsulfathiazole (SST), low 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-MTHF), low 5-MTHF + (SST), high 5-MTHF + SST, low folic acid, and high folic acid. SST was added to a subset of the 5-MTHF diets to eliminate folic acid production in the gut. Before and after dietary treatment, blood samples were collected for corticosterone and homocysteine analysis, and brain tissue was collected for neurogenesis analysis. High folic acid and low 5-MTHF without SST increased the number of immature neurons (doublecortin-expressing cells) within the ventral hippocampus compared to folate deficient controls. Low 5-MTHF without SST significantly increased the number of immature neurons compared to low and high 5-MTHF + SST, indicating that SST interfered with elevations in neurogenesis. Low folic acid and high 5-MTHF+SST reduced plasma homocysteine levels compared to controls, but there was no significant effect of diet on serum corticosterone levels. Low folic acid and high 5-MTHF+SST reduced the number of mature new neurons in the ventral hippocampus (BrdU/NeuN-positive cells) compared to folate deficient controls. Overall, folic acid dose-dependently influenced neurogenesis, with low levels decreasing but high levels increasing, neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus, suggesting this region, which is important for regulating stress, is particularly sensitive to folic acid in diets. Furthermore, the addition of SST negated the effects of 5-MTHF to increase neurogenesis in the ventral hippocampus.

CORTICOSTEROID-UMSATZ UND CORTICOSTEROID-PRODUKTION BEI RATTEN UNTER DER BEHANDLUNG MIT ANABOLEN STEROIDEN

1965 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Schriefers ◽  
Gerlinde Scharlau ◽  
Franzis Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Production Rate ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Anabolic Steroids ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Adrenal Weight ◽  
Hydrogenase Activity ◽  
Anabolic Effect ◽  
Liver Slices

ABSTRACT After the administration of anabolic steroids to adult female rats in daily doses of 1 mg per animal for 14 days, the following parameters were investigated: the rate of the Δ4-5α-hydrogenase-catalyzed cortisone reduction in liver slices and microsomal fractions, the adrenal weight and the in vitro corticosterone production rate. Among the steroids tested, only 17α-methyl-testosterone and 17α-ethyl-19-nor-testosterone were effective in lowering significantly cortisone reduction rate by liver slices with concomitant decreases in microsomal Δ4-5α-hydrogenase-activity. Testosterone, 19-nor-testosterone, 17α-ethinyl-19-nor-testosterone, 17α-methyl-17β-hydroxy-androsta-1,4-dien-3-one and 1-methyl-17β-hydroxy-androst-1-en-3-one were ineffective or only slightly effective. Adrenal weight and absolute corticosterone production rate (μg/60 min per animal) were decreased after treatment with 17α-methyl-testosterone, 17α-ethyl-19-nor-testosterone and 1-methyl-17β-hydroxy-androst-1-en-3-one. Corticosterone production was decreased with 17α-ethinyl-19-nor-testosterone in spite of an unchanged adrenal weight. The relative corticosterone production rate (μg/60 min · 100 mg adrenal) was in any cases unaffected. According to these results there exists – with the exception of 17α-ethinyl-19-nor-testosterone – a strict parallelism between corticosteroid turnover and corticosterone production rate: unchanged turnover is correlated with unchanged corticosterone production rate, while a decreased turnover is correlated with decreased adrenal activity. The protein-anabolic effect of certain anabolic steroids may be partly due to an anti-catabolic action of these compounds resulting from a decreased corticosteroid inactivation and production rate. Possible mechanisms by which anabolic steroids may affect corticosteroid-balance are discussed.

THE HYPOTHALAMUS AND PROPYLTHIOURACIL-INDUCED GOITRE IN THE RAT

1963 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 254-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. J. van der Werff ten Bosch ◽  
H. E. Swanson
Keyword(s):  
Steady State ◽  
Thyroid Hormone ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Anterior Hypothalamus ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Intact Rats

ABSTRACT Adult female rats were given a normal diet, or a diet which contained 0.15% propylthiouracil. At the beginning of the experiment one half of the rats were left intact, whilst the others received an electrolytic basal midline lesion in the anterior hypothalamus. Of each of the four groups of rats, one half was killed after 14 days, the others after 28 days. It was found (both after 14 and after 28 days) that the presence of a lesion reduced the thyroid weight to approximately 75% of the value in intact rats on the same diet, which might be normal or contain propylthiouracil. Propylthiouracil caused thyroid enlargement (to 278% after 14 days and 352–360% after 28 days) in intact rats as compared with intact rats on a normal diet, and in lesioned rats as compared with lesioned rats on a normal diet. It is concluded that lesions cause a lowered steady state of the thyroid-pituitary feed-back system, but that this system responds normally to the alteration of the steady state caused by the propylthiouracil-induced block in thyroid hormone output.

BEFUNDE AM GENITALTRAKTUS DER RATTE NACH CORTICOTROPIN-INJECTION UND IHRE DEUTUNG UNTER BERÜCKSICHTIGUNG DES ZELLBILDES DER ADENOHYPOPHYSE

1959 ◽  
Vol XXXII (II) ◽  
pp. 167-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Schätzle
Keyword(s):  
Adult Female ◽  
Single Injection ◽  
Anterior Lobe ◽  
Vaginal Epithelium ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Normal Adult ◽  
List Type

ABSTRACT In normal adult female rats a single injection of 5 IU corticotrophin was followed by a retention of glucoproteid material in the anterior lobe of the hypophysis and by impairment of the luteinization. In spayed adult female rats the same corticotrophin administration caused stratification and mucification of the vaginal epithelium.

Eugenol improves tissue damage and oxidative stress in adult female rats after ovarian torsion/detorsion

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Bita Barghi ◽  
Majid Shokoohi ◽  
Amir Afshin Khaki ◽  
Arash Khaki ◽  
Maryam Moghimian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Tissue Damage ◽  
Ovarian Torsion ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

scholarly journals Adult female rats perinatally exposed to perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS) and a mixture of endocrine disruptors display increased body/fat weights without a transcriptional footprint in fat cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 339 ◽  
pp. 78-87
Author(s):  
Cecilie Nethe Ramskov Tetzlaff ◽  
Louise Ramhøj ◽  
Aurélie Lardenois ◽  
Marta Axelstad ◽  
Bertrand Evrard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endocrine Disruptors ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Adult Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Fat Cells

scholarly journals Folic Acid Affects Iron Status in Female Rats with Deficiency of These Micronutrients

2019 ◽  
Vol 195 (2) ◽  
pp. 551-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joanna Suliburska ◽  
Katarzyna Skrypnik ◽  
Agata Chmurzyńska
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Iron Status ◽  
Iron Concentration ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Standard Diet ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Iron And Folic Acid

Abstract Although simultaneous supplementation with iron and folic acid is justified, the potential interactions between these micronutrients are unknown. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of oral iron and folic acid, administered together or separately, on iron concentration in tissues in rats with a deficiency of both these micronutrients. In the first stage of the experiment (28 days), 150 8-week-old female Wistar rats were randomly assigned to a control group (C; n = 30) fed the standard diet and to a study group (n = 120) fed a diet deficit in iron and folate. The study group was then randomly divided to four groups: D group fed a deficit diet, FE group fed a deficit diet with iron gluconate, the FOL group fed a deficit diet with folate acid, and the FEFOL group fed a deficit diet with iron gluconate and folate acid. After 2, 10, and 21 days of supplementation, ten animals from each group were killed. Morphological parameters were measured in whole blood. Iron concentration was assayed in serum, liver, spleen, pancreas, heart, and kidneys. Folic acid supplementation more significantly decreased iron concentrations in the pancreas and spleen than in the D group after 10 and 21 days of supplementation. Moreover, the combination of iron with folic acid markedly decreased iron levels in the liver and spleen, in comparison with iron alone, after 10 and 21 days of the experiment. In conclusion, folic acid affects iron status in female rats deficient in these micronutrients in moderate and long-term supplementation.

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