scholarly journals Altered Hippocampal White Matter Connectivity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus and Memory Decrements

2016 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
F. C. G. van Bussel ◽  
W. H. Backes ◽  
P. A. M. Hofman ◽  
M. P. J. van Boxtel ◽  
M. T. Schram ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
White Matter ◽  
White Matter Connectivity

scholarly journals Endocrine Regulator rFGF21 (Recombinant Human Fibroblast Growth Factor 21) Improves Neurological Outcomes Following Focal Ischemic Stroke of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Male Mice

Stroke ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 3039-3049 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinghua Jiang ◽  
Ning Liu ◽  
Qingzhi Wang ◽  
Zhanyang Yu ◽  
Li Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Brain Infarction ◽  
White Matter Integrity ◽  
Fibroblast Growth Factor 21 ◽  
Neurological Outcomes

Background and Purpose— The complexity and heterogeneity of stroke, as well as the associated comorbidities, may render neuroprotective drugs less efficacious in clinical practice. Therefore, the development of targeted therapies to specific patient subsets has become a high priority in translational stroke research. Ischemic stroke with type 2 diabetes mellitus has a nearly double mortality rate and worse neurological outcomes. In the present study, we tested our hypothesis that rFGF21 (recombinant human fibroblast growth factor 21) administration is beneficial for improving neurological outcomes of ischemic stroke with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods— Type 2 diabetes mellitus db/db and nondiabetic genetic control db/+ mice were subjected into permanent focal ischemia of distal middle cerebral artery occlusion, we examined the effects of poststroke administration with rFGF21 in systemic metabolic disorders, inflammatory gatekeeper PPARγ (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ) activity at 3 days, mRNA expression of inflammatory cytokines and microglia/macrophage activation at 7 days in the perilesion cortex, and last neurological function deficits, ischemic brain infarction, and white matter integrity up to 14 days after stroke of db/db mice. Results— After permanent focal ischemia, diabetic db/db mice presented confounding pathological features, including metabolic dysregulation, more severe brain damage, and neurological impairment, especially aggravated proinflammatory response and white matter integrity loss. However, daily rFGF21 treatment initiated at 6 hours after stroke for 14 days significantly normalized systemic metabolic disorders, rescued PPARγ activity decline, inhibited proinflammatory cytokine mRNA expression, and M1-like microglia/macrophage activation in the brain. Importantly, rFGF21 also significantly reduced white matter integrity loss, ischemic brain infarction, and neurological function deficits up to 14 days after stroke. The potential mechanisms of rFGF21 may in part consist of potent systematic metabolic regulation and PPARγ-activation promotion-associated antiproinflammatory roles in the brain. Conclusions— Taken together, these results suggest rFGF21 might be a novel and potent candidate of the disease-modifying strategy for treating ischemic stroke with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

scholarly journals A narrative review of multimodal imaging of white matter lesions in type-2 diabetes mellitus

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0-0
Author(s):  
Qian Tang ◽  
Siou Li ◽  
Zhengfang Yang ◽  
Meini Wu ◽  
Yongming Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Multimodal Imaging ◽  
White Matter Lesions ◽  
Narrative Review

scholarly journals White Matter Atrophy in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients With Mild Cognitive Impairment

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Li ◽  
Rongbing Jin ◽  
Kaijun Liu ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Zhiwei Zuo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Neuropsychological Tests ◽  
Diagnostic Value ◽  
Brain Regions ◽  
Left Posterior

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients are highly susceptible to developing dementia, especially for those with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), but its underlying cause is still unclear. In this study, we performed a battery of neuropsychological tests and high-resolution sagittal T1-weighted structural imaging to explore how T2DM affects white matter volume (WMV) and cognition in 30 T2DM-MCI patients, 30 T2DM with normal cognition (T2DM-NC) patients, and 30 age-, sex-, and education-matched healthy control (HC) individuals. The WMV of the whole brain was obtained with automated segmentation methods. Correlations between the WMV of each brain region and neuropsychological tests were analyzed in the T2DM patients. The T2DM-NC patients and HC individuals did not reveal any significant differences in WMV. Compared with the T2DM-NC group, the T2DM-MCI group showed statistically significant reduction in the WMV of seven brain regions, mainly located in the frontotemporal lobe and limbic system, five of which significantly correlated with Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores. Subsequently, we evaluated the discriminative ability of these five regions for MCI in T2DM patients. The WMV of four regions, including left posterior cingulate, precuneus, insula, and right rostral middle frontal gyrus had high diagnostic value for MCI detection in T2DM patients (AUC > 0.7). Among these four regions, left precuneus WMV presented the best diagnostic value (AUC: 0.736; sensitivity: 70.00%; specificity: 73.33%; Youden index: 0.4333), but with no significant difference relative to the minimum AUC. In conclusion, T2DM could give rise to the white matter atrophy of several brain regions. Each WMV of left posterior cingulate, precuneus, insula, and right rostral middle frontal gyrus could be an independent imaging biomarker to detect cognitive impairment at the early stage in T2DM patients and play an important role in its pathophysiological mechanism.

Factors associated with brain white matter damage in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a tract-based spatial statistics study

2021 ◽  
pp. 028418512110564
Author(s):  
Zhi-Jun Guo ◽  
Qian Xu ◽  
Ze-Mei Bai ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Qiang Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Corpus Callosum ◽  
Spatial Statistics ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Brain White Matter ◽  
Tract Based Spatial Statistics

Background The pathogenesis and related factors of central nervous system abnormality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have always been the focus of clinical research. Purpose To compare and analyze the area of white matter (WM) damage in patients with T2DM based on their level of hemoglobin A1C (HBA1c) and discuss any related factors. Material and Methods Based on their levels of HBA1c, 87 patients with T2DM were divided into three groups (Group B, C, or D), of which 29 non-diabetic volunteers served as the control group (Group A). DTI data analysis was based on tract-based spatial statistics (TBSS). The obtained parameters were compared among each group and the relevant clinical factors were analyzed. Results For age, sex, mini-mental state examination (MMSE), and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) scores, there were no statistically significant differences among groups. For fractional anisotropy (FA) and radial diffusivity (RD) of WM, there were statistically significant differences ( P < 0.05, two-tailed, FWE corrected) in the local area of corpus callosum, corona radiate, superior longitudinal fasciculus, etc. Most of these were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI), left systolic blood pressure (SBP_L), and β2 microglobulin. Conclusion Before the cognitive function was obviously impaired, abnormalities of FA and RD had been found in the corpus callosum, corona radiate, and upper fasciculus in patients with T2DM, which suggested that the damage mainly occurred in the myelin sheath of WM and may be related to systemic vascular damage.

scholarly journals Cerebral White Matter and Retinal Arterial Health in Hypertension and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. L. Yau ◽  
R. Hempel ◽  
A. Tirsi ◽  
A. Convit
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Frontal Lobe ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Periventricular White Matter ◽  
Microstructural Integrity ◽  
Retinal Arteriolar

We examined 33 hypertensive (22 with comorbid type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)) and 29 normotensive (8 with T2DM) middle-aged and elderly adults, comparable in age and education. Relative to normotensive participants, those with hypertension, in addition to a higher prevalence of periventricular white matter (WM) lesions, had significantly lower WM microstructural integrity of major fiber tracts as seen with MRI-based diffusion tensor imaging. Among participants with hypertension, those with co-morbid T2DM (n=22) had more widespread WM pathology than those without T2DM (n=11). Furthermore and consistent with previous research, both hypertension and T2DM were related to decreased retinal arterial diameter. Further exploratory analysis demonstrated that the observed retinal arteriolar narrowing among individual with hypertension was associated with widespread subclinical losses in WM microstructural integrity and these associations were present predominantly in the frontal lobe. We found that T2DM adds to the damaging effects of hypertension on cerebral WM, and notably these effects were independent of age and body mass index. Given that the decrease in retinal arteriolar diameter may be a biomarker for parallel pathology in cerebral arterioles, our data suggest that the frontal lobe may be particularly vulnerable to microvascular damage in the presence of hypertension and T2DM.

scholarly journals White matter impairment in type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without microvascular disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 101945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaoyao Zhuo ◽  
Fang Fang ◽  
Lunbo Lu ◽  
Ting Li ◽  
Jingge Lian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Microvascular Disease
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