scholarly journals Linoleic acid‐derived metabolites constitute the majority of oxylipins in the rat pup brain and stimulate axonal growth in primary rat cortical neuron‐glia co‐cultures in a sex‐dependent manner

2019 ◽  
Vol 152 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Hennebelle ◽  
Rhianna K. Morgan ◽  
Sunjay Sethi ◽  
Zhichao Zhang ◽  
Hao Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Cortical Neuron ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Rat Pup

scholarly journals Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) induces apoptosis of colonic mucosa in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine-treated rats: a possible mechanism of the anticarcinogenic effect by CLA

2001 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 549-555 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun S. Park ◽  
Ji H. Ryu ◽  
Yeong L. Ha ◽  
Jung H. Y. Park
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Control Diet ◽  
Terminal Deoxynucleotidyl Transferase ◽  
Prostaglandin E ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Tumour Incidence ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Dietary Conjugated Linoleic Acid

One of the objectives of the present study was to investigate whether 1 % conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in the diet reduced tumour incidence in the colon of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-treated rats. Colon cancer was induced by injecting 6-week-old, male, Sprague–Dawley rats with 15 mg/kg DMH twice per week for 6 weeks. They were fed either 1 % CLA or a control diet ad libitum for 30 weeks. Dietary CLA significantly decreased colon tumour incidence (P<0·05). Our second objective was to investigate whether apoptosis in the colon mucosa of DMH-treated rats was affected by the amount of dietary CLA and whether the changes in apoptosis were related to those in fatty acid-responsive biomarkers. For this purpose, rats were killed after being fed a diet containing 0 %, 0·5 %, 1 % or 1·5 % CLA for 14 weeks. CLA was undetected in the mucosa of rats fed the 0 % CLA diet and increased to 5·9 mg/g phospholipid in rats fed the 0·5 % diet. The apoptotic index estimated by the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick and labelling technique was increased by 251 % and the 1,2-diacylglycerol content was decreased by 57 % in rats fed 0·5 % CLA. No further changes in these variables were observed when CLA in the diet was raised to 1·0 % or 1·5 %. However, dietary CLA decreased mucosal levels of prostaglandin E2, thromboxane B2 and arachidonic acid in a dose-dependent manner. The present data indicate that dietary CLA can inhibit DMH-induced colon carcinogenesis by mechanisms probably involving increased apoptosis.

scholarly journals Adrenaline Stimulation of Phospholipid Metabolism in Adipocyte Ghosts

1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 405
Author(s):  
David Mann ◽  
Audrey M Bersten
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Adenylate Cyclase ◽  
Phospholipid Metabolism ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Long Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Membrane Phospholipids ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Stimulation Of

The incorporation of long-chain fatty acids into phospholipids has been detected in adipocyte ghosts that were incubated with [1_14 C] stearic, [1_14 C] linoleic or [l_14C] arachidonic acid. Adrenaline and adenosine activated this incorporation within 15 s of exposure of the ghosts to the hormones and the response was dose dependent. Maximum incorporation of labelled linoleic acid occurred at 10-5 M adrenaline and 10-7 M adenosine. The a-agonist phenylephrine and the ~-agonist isoproterenol were also shown to stimulate the incorporation of fatty acid in a dose dependent manner. Phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine and phosphatidylinositol were each labelled preferentially with linoleic or arachidonic acid. p-Bromophenacylbromide, quinacrine and centrophenoxine inhibited the adrenaline-stimulated incorporation of fatty acids into ghost membrane phospholipids, and p-bromophenacylbromide also reduced the activation of adenylate cyclase by adrenaline. NaF, an activator of adenylate cyclase, like adrenaline, stimulated the incorporation of linoleic acid into ghost membrane phospholipids.

scholarly journals In silico characterization of linoleic acid biotransformation to rumenic acid in food derived Lactobacillus plantarum YW11

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tariq Aziz ◽  
Abid Sarwar ◽  
Muhammad Fahim ◽  
Sam Al Dalali ◽  
Zia Ud Din ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Lactobacillus Plantarum ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Octadecadienoic Acid ◽  
Scale Up ◽  
Octadecenoic Acid ◽  
Acid Ethyl Ester ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
In Silico Characterization

Lactobacillus plantarum YW11 capability to convert linoleic acid into conjugated linoleic acid and other metabolites was studied in a dose-dependent manner by supplementing LA at different concentrations. L. plantarum YW11 displayed a uniform distinctive growth curve of CLA and other metabolites at concentrations of LA ranging from 1% (w/v) to 10% (w/v), with slightly increased growth at higher LA concentrations. The biotransformation capability of L. plantarum YW11 evaluated by GC-MS revealed a total of one CLA isomer, i.e. 9-cis,11-trans-octadecadienoic acid, also known as the rumenic acid (RA), one linoleic acid isomer (linoelaidic acid), and LA metabolites: (E)-9-octadecenoic acid ethyl ester, trans, trans-9,12-octadecadienoic acid, propyl ester and stearic acid. All the metabolites of linoleic acid were produced from 1 to 10% LA supplemented MRS media, while surprisingly the only conjugated linoleic acid compound was produced at 10% LA. To assess the presence of putative enzymes, responsible for conversion of LA into CLA, in silico characterization was carried out. The in silico characterization revealed presence of four enzymes (10-linoleic acid hydratase, linoleate isomerase, acetoacetate decarboxylase and dehydrogenase) that may be involved in the production of CLA (rumenic acid) and LA isomers. The biotransformation ability of L. plantarum YW11 to convert LA into RA has great prospects for biotechnological and industrial implications that could be exploited in the future scale-up experiments.

Effects of Linoleic Acid on the Growth of Lactobacillus acidophilus F0221

2011 ◽  
Vol 345 ◽  
pp. 154-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Yan Li ◽  
Lan Wei Zhang ◽  
Chun Feng Guo ◽  
Ming Du ◽  
Ying Chun Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Membrane Fluidity ◽  
Lactobacillus Acidophilus ◽  
Control Cell ◽  
Cell Membrane Permeability ◽  
Membrane Properties ◽  
Blue Dye ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cell Counts ◽  
Pre Treatment

The aim of this study was to investigate the partly membrane properties mechanism of action of linoleic acid (LA) against Lactobacillus acidophilus F0221. F0221 strain was treated with LA at different concentrations range from 0.1 to 10 g/L. Inhibition of cells growth was measured by counting the viable cell counts, alteration of permeability was assessed by measuring the leakage of 260 nm absorbing materials and the Methylene Blue Dye. Change of membrane fluidity was measured by 1, 6-diphenyl-1, 3, 5-hexatriene fluorescence. The effects of LA concentration on CLA production were quantified by measuring c9, t11 CLA levels in cultures of F0221 strain through gas chromatography (GC) and the effects of LA pre-treatment on cells growth were observed. The treatment of F0221 cells with LA at concentrations lower 1 g/L was not significant altered cell counts, whereas at LA concentrations of between 1 and 10 g/L decreased the cell counts, significantly. Compared with control, cell membrane permeability and membrane fluidity was also increased gradually when F0221 strain was cultured with 1 to 10 g/L LA. Additionally, conversion rate of LA into CLA was decreased in a dose dependent manner in the presence of 1.0 to 10 g/L LA and pre-treatment of LA inhibition cells growth with the increase of LA concentration. Date from this study support the hypothesis that LA exerts antibacterial actions by altering membrane properties and compromising membrane associated function.

scholarly journals Alzheimer’s genetic risk factor FERMT2 (Kindlin-2) controls axonal growth and synaptic plasticity in an APP-dependent manner

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fanny Eysert ◽  
Audrey Coulon ◽  
Emmanuelle Boscher ◽  
Anaїs-Camille Vreulx ◽  
Amandine Flaig ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Genetic Risk ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Axonal Growth ◽  
Long Term Potentiation ◽  
Genetic Risk Factor ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Term Potentiation ◽  
App Metabolism

ABSTRACTAlthough APP metabolism is being intensively investigated, a large fraction of its modulators are yet to be characterized. In this context, we combined two genome-wide high-content screenings to assess the functional impact of miRNAs and genes on APP metabolism and the signaling pathways involved. This approach highlighted the involvement of FERMT2 (or Kindlin-2), a genetic risk factor of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), as a potential key modulator of axon guidance; a neuronal process that depends on the regulation of APP metabolism. We found that FERMT2 directly interacts with APP to modulate its metabolism and that FERMT2 under-expression impacts axonal growth, synaptic connectivity and long-term potentiation in an APP-dependent manner. Lastly, the rs7143400-T allele, which is associated with an increased AD risk and localized within the 3’UTR of FERMT2, induced a down-regulation of FERMT2 expression through binding of miR-4504 among others. This miRNA is mainly expressed in neurons and significantly overexpressed in AD brains compared to controls. Altogether, our data provide strong evidence for a detrimental effect of FERMT2 under-expression in neurons and insight on how this may influence AD pathogenesis.

scholarly journals Muscone Exerts Neuroprotection in an Experimental Model of Stroke via Inhibition of the Fas Pathway

2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1200700 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Wei ◽  
Dong-Feng Chen ◽  
Xiao-Ping Lai ◽  
Dong-Hui Liu ◽  
Ru-Dong Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Small Molecules ◽  
Cortical Neuron ◽  
Cortical Neurons ◽  
Apoptotic Cell ◽  
Infarct Volume ◽  
Neurological Dysfunction ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Caspase 8 ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Cell Viability Assay

Identifying small molecules that are neuroprotective against stroke injury will be highly beneficial for treatment therapies. A cell viability assay and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to identify active small molecules in XingNaoJing, which is a well known Chinese Medicine prescribed for the effective treatment of stroke. Studies have found that muscone is the active compound that prevents PC12 cell and cortical neuron damage following various injuries. Analysis of apoptosis indicated that muscone inhibited glutamate-induced apoptotic cell death of PC12 cells and cortical neurons. Fas and caspase-8 expression were upregulated following glutamate treatment in cortical neurons, and was markedly attenuated in the presence of muscone. Furthermore, muscone significantly reduced cerebral infarct volume, neurological dysfunction and inhibited cortical neuron apoptosis in middle cerebral artery occluded (MCAO) rats in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, a significant decrease in Fas and caspase-8 expression in the rat cortex was observed in MCAO rats treated with muscone. Our results demonstrate that muscone may be a small active molecule with neuroprotective properties, and that inhibition of apoptosis and Fas is an important mechanism of neuroprotection by muscone. These findings suggest a potential therapeutic role for muscone in the treatment of stroke.

scholarly journals Triacylglycerol metabolism by lymphocytes and the effect of triacylglycerols on lymphocyte proliferation

1994 ◽  
Vol 298 (3) ◽  
pp. 605-611 ◽  
Author(s):  
P C Calder ◽  
P Yaqoob ◽  
E A Newsholme
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Lymphocyte Proliferation ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Time Dependent ◽  
Lymphocyte Function ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Triacylglycerol Metabolism

This study investigates the ability of lymphocytes to utilize fatty acids originating from triacylglycerols and the effect of triacylglycerols upon mitogen-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation. Lymphocytes isolated from rat lymph nodes, spleen, thymus and lymphatic duct had a lipoprotein lipase activity of approx. 10 units/mg of protein, indicating that the fatty acids of circulating triacylglycerols are accessible to these cells. In culture lymph node lymphocytes hydrolysed triacylglycerols added to the medium as emulsions. Both non-esterified fatty acids and free glycerol appeared in the cell culture medium, but their concentrations indicated that a high proportion of each (65-90% of fatty acids and 60-80% of glycerol) was taken up by the cells. The incorporation and fate of triacylglycerol-fatty acids was studied by culturing the cells in the presence of tri[3H]oleoylglycerol or tri[14C]inoleoylglycerol. Both fatty acids were incorporated into lymphocyte lipids in a time-dependent manner; linoleic acid was incorporated at a significantly greater rate than oleic acid. The majority of oleic acid (greater than 70%) was incorporated into cellular triacylglycerol, while less than 10% was incorporated into phospholipids. In contrast, linoleic acid incorporation into cellular triacylglycerol never exceeded 25%, while up to 45% was incorporated into phospholipids. Triacylglycerols containing polyunsaturated fatty acids inhibited concanavalin A-stimulated lymphocyte proliferation in a concentration- and time-dependent manner; triacylglycerols containing saturated fatty acids or oleic acid were not inhibitory. Such direct effects of certain triacylglycerols on lymphocyte function may explain why some clinical trials of polyunsaturated fatty acid-rich diets have been successful in improving the condition of patients suffering from inflammatory diseases.

scholarly journals Conjugated Linoleic Acid Regulates Body Composition and Locomotor Activity in a Sex-Dependent Manner inDrosophila melanogaster

Lipids ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 825-834 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phoebe B. Chen ◽  
Ju Hyeon Kim ◽  
Daeyoung Kim ◽  
John M. Clark ◽  
Yeonhwa Park
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Locomotor Activity ◽  
Conjugated Linoleic Acid ◽  
Dependent Manner

scholarly journals LDL Stimulates Chemotaxis of Human Monocytes Through a Cyclooxygenase-Dependent Pathway

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (12) ◽  
pp. 1481-1487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jörg Kreuzer ◽  
Stefanie Denger ◽  
Lothar Jahn ◽  
Jörg Bader ◽  
Kai Ritter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arachidonic Acid ◽  
Linoleic Acid ◽  
Acetylsalicylic Acid ◽  
Free Cholesterol ◽  
Calf Serum ◽  
Cholesterol Content ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Pharmacological Agents ◽  
Monocyte Migration

Monocyte migration into the vessel wall is an early step in atherogenesis. Even though a number of chemotactic factors have been identified, the regulation of the chemotactic response is not clearly understood. As the release of arachidonic acid has been implicated in monocyte chemotaxis, we studied the influence of LDL, which can supply this fatty acid to cells, on the chemotactic mobility of monocytes. Migration of human monocytic U937 cells was abolished by a 30-hour incubation in medium containing lipoprotein-depleted 10% fetal calf serum. Thereafter, human VLDL, LDL, acetyl LDL, methyl LDL, HDL, free cholesterol, linoleic acid, oleic acid, or arachidonic acid was added. At the end of varying incubation periods (0.5 to 8 hours), chemotaxis, viability, and cellular cholesterol content were measured. In the same experimental setting we also studied the effects of the pharmacological agents chloroquine, indomethacin, and acetylsalicylic acid on LDL-mediated chemotaxis. Chemotaxis was restored by LDL in a dose- and time-dependent manner starting at concentrations as low as 5 μg/mL and at incubations as brief as 30 minutes. The other lipoproteins tested (VLDL, HDL, acetyl LDL, and methyl LDL) as well as free cholesterol had no comparable effect on chemotaxis. Viability and total cholesterol content did not differ among the groups. Simultaneous incubation of cells with chloroquine, indomethacin, and acetylsalicylic acid reduced restitution of chemotaxis by LDL by 71%, 82%, and 68%, respectively. In contrast, the agents had only slight inhibitory effects on the chemotactic mobility of serum-fed control cells. Incubation with linoleic acid showed a 60% restoration of chemotaxis, whereas arachidonic acid stimulated chemotaxis by 140% compared with the positive control. Preincubation of LDL with the monoclonal antibody MB47 directed against LDL resulted in a significantly reduced migratory response. The data suggest a novel cyclooxygenase-dependent regulatory mechanism of chemotaxis by LDL.

Methylmercury inhibits dopaminergic function in rat pup synaptosomes in an age-dependent manner

2009 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 312-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Dreiem ◽  
Mangting Shan ◽  
Richard J. Okoniewski ◽  
Susana Sanchez-Morrissey ◽  
Richard F. Seegal
Keyword(s):  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Rat Pup
Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document