scholarly journals VGLUT3 gates psychomotor effects induced by amphetamine

2019 ◽  
Vol 148 (6) ◽  
pp. 779-795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Mansouri-Guilani ◽  
Véronique Bernard ◽  
Erika Vigneault ◽  
Vincent Vialou ◽  
Stéphanie Daumas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychomotor Effects

Behavioral and Physiological Effects of Remifentanil and Alfentanil in Healthy Volunteers 

1999 ◽  
Vol 90 (3) ◽  
pp. 718-726 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Black ◽  
Joanna L. Hill ◽  
James P. Zacny
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Dose Range ◽  
Subjective Effects ◽  
Cold Pressor Test ◽  
Drug Effects ◽  
Cold Pressor ◽  
Psychomotor Tests ◽  
Potency Ratio ◽  
Psychomotor Effects ◽  
Double Blinded

Background The subjective and psychomotor effects of remifentanil have not been evaluated. Accordingly, the authors used mood inventories and psychomotor tests to characterize the effects of remifentanil in healthy, non-drug-abusing volunteers. Alfentanil was used as a comparator drug. Methods Ten healthy volunteers were enrolled in a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, crossover trial in which they received an infusion of saline, remifentanil, or alfentanil for 120 min. The age- and weight-adjusted infusions (determined with STANPUMP, a computer modeling software package) were given to achieve three predicted constant plasma levels for 40 min each of remifentanil (0.75, 1.5, and 3 ng/ml) and alfentanil (16, 32, and 64 ng/ml). Mood forms and psychomotor tests were completed, and miosis was assessed, during and after the infusions. In addition, analgesia was tested at each dose level using a cold-pressor test. Results Remifentanil had prototypic micro-like opioid subjective effects, impaired psychomotor performance, and produced analgesia. Alfentanil at the dose range tested had more mild effects on these measures, and the analgesia data indicated that a 40:1 potency ratio, rather than the 20:1 ratio we used, may exist between remifentanil and alfentanil. A psychomotor test administered 60 min after the remifentanil infusion was discontinued showed that the volunteers were still impaired, although they reported feeling no drug effects. Conclusions The notion that the pharmacodynamic effects of remifentanil are extremely short-lived after the drug is no longer administered must be questioned given our findings that psychomotor effects were still apparent 1 h after the infusion was discontinued.

scholarly journals Consequence of Two Protocols of Social Defeat Stress on Nicotine-Induced Psychomotor Effects in Mice

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Liz Paola Domingues ◽  
Bruno de Brito Antonio ◽  
Maria Gabriela Menezes de Oliveira ◽  
Isabel Marian Hartmann de Quadros
Keyword(s):  
Social Defeat ◽  
Acute Administration ◽  
Locomotor Response ◽  
Social Defeat Stress ◽  
Psychomotor Effects ◽  
Locomotor Stimulation ◽  
Nicotine Administration ◽  
Drug Use Disorders ◽  
Dose Dependent

Exposure to stress may contribute to enhanced vulnerability to drug use disorders, by altering sensitivity to drug-related reward and psychomotor effects. This study aimed to characterize the psychomotor effects of nicotine administration and then investigate the consequences of two types of repeated social defeat stress (episodic and continuous) on nicotine-induced psychomotor effects in mice. Adult male Swiss mice were treated for 13 days with daily injections of nicotine (0.1, 0.4, or 1.0 mg/kg, s.c.) and received saline and nicotine challenges (0, 0.1 and 0.4 mg/kg) after a withdrawal period. Dose-dependent effects were observed in locomotor response to nicotine, with trends for locomotor stimulation after intermittent (but not acute) administration of 0.1 mg/kg. Higher nicotine doses caused acute locomotor suppression (0.4 and 1.0 mg/kg) and tolerance after intermittent administration (0.4 mg/kg dose). In separate cohorts, experimental mice were daily defeated by aggressive mice, using the resident-intruder model, for 10 days. After brief confrontations, intruders returned to their home cage (episodic stress) or were continuously exposed to the aggressive resident for 24 h (continuous stress), until the following defeat. After the 10-day stress protocol, mice received saline and nicotine challenges (0 and 0.1 mg/kg, s.c.) in locomotor tests. Mice were also tested for methamphetamine-induced locomotor response (1.0 mg/kg, i.p.). Both defeat protocols induced short-term locomotor suppression (24h after stress), which was further suppressed by nicotine only in mice exposed to continuous defeat stress. Ten days after stress, locomotor behavior was no longer suppressed in defeated mice of either stress protocol. Mice exposed to continuous defeat stress showed a reduced stimulant response to methamphetamine, 12 days after termination of stress. Our findings indicate that exposure to continuous defeat stress facilitates nicotine-induced locomotor suppression shortly after stress and reduces methamphetamine-induced stimulation in the long term.

The Psychomotor Effects of Carbamazepine in Epileptic Patients and Healthy Volunteers

2003 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 269-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. M. Pieters ◽  
A. F. van Steveninck ◽  
R. C. Schoemaker ◽  
J. M. Kroon ◽  
J. M. A. van Gerven ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Psychomotor Effects ◽  
Epileptic Patients

Psychomotor Effects of Diazepam in Anxious Patients and Healthy Volunteers

1983 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 88???96 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARKKU LINNOILA ◽  
CHARLES W. ERWIN ◽  
ANDREA BRENDLE ◽  
DALE SIMPSON
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Psychomotor Effects

Comparative cognitive and psychomotor effects of single doses of Valeriana officianalis and triazolam in healthy volunteers

2003 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 619-625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen T. Hallam ◽  
James S. Olver ◽  
Caroline McGrath ◽  
Trevor R. Norman
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Volunteers ◽  
Psychomotor Effects
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