scholarly journals Social isolation stress and chronic glutathione deficiency have a common effect on the glutamine-to-glutamate ratio andmyo-inositol concentration in the mouse frontal cortex

2017 ◽  
Vol 142 (5) ◽  
pp. 767-775 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Corcoba ◽  
Rolf Gruetter ◽  
Kim Q. Do ◽  
João M.N. Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Common Effect ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
Glutathione Deficiency

scholarly journals Effects of social isolation and re-socialization on cognition and ADAR1 (p110) expression in mice

PeerJ ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. e2306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Dong An ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Xiaoxin Cheng ◽  
Shiwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Expression ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Cognitive Deficit ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
The Brain

It has been reported that social isolation stress could be a key factor that leads to cognitive deficit for both humans and rodent models. However, detailed mechanisms are not yet clear. ADAR1 (Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) is an enzyme involved in RNA editing that has a close relation to cognitive function. We have hypothesized that social isolation stress may impact the expression of ADAR1 in the brain of mice with cognitive deficit. To test our hypothesis, we evaluated the cognition ability of mice isolated for different durations (2, 4, and 8 weeks) using object recognition and object location tests; we also measured ADAR1 expression in hippocampus and cortex using immunohistochemistry and western blot. Our study showed that social isolation stress induced spatial and non-spatial cognition deficits of the tested mice. In addition, social isolation significantly increased both the immunoreactivity and protein expression of ADAR1 (p110) in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Furthermore, re-socialization could not only recover the cognition deficits, but also bring ADAR1 (p110) immunoreactivity of hippocampus and frontal cortex, as well as ADAR1 (p110) protein expression of hippocampus back to the normal level for the isolated mice in adolescence. In conclusion, social isolation stress significantly increases ADAR1 (p110) expression in the hippocampus and frontal cortex of the mice with cognitive deficit. This finding may open a window to better understand the reasons (e.g., epigenetic change) that are responsible for social isolation-induced cognitive deficit and help the development of novel therapies for the resulted diseases.

scholarly journals Altered ADAR1 in mice affected by social isolation stress-induced cognitive deficits

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Dong An ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Xiaoxin Cheng ◽  
Shiwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
Set Up

Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) activity increases in response to inflammation. Social isolation stress is related to neuroinflammation; however, it remains unclear whether ADAR1 is altered in response to social isolation stress-induced cognitive deficits. To investigate our hypothesis that ADAR1 displayed patterns of change in response to social isolation stress, we addressed this issue systemically by isolating Kunming mice for 2, 4 and 8 weeks individually since postnatal 21 days to set up isolation mouse model. Furthermore, we arranged re-socialization group to evaluate the alterations of ADAR1 in the cognitive deficits recovery. The results of behavior tests showed that social isolation stress resulted in cognitive dysfunction, which was recovered by re-socialization in re-gregarious rearing group. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry and western blot results displayed that both the immunoreactivity and protein expression of ADAR1 in the hippocampus and frontal cortex increased obviously as compared to the same age mice without isolation. The above abnormal alterations of ADAR1 were recovered by re-socialization in re-gregarious rearing group. Our study supports the hypothesis that ADAR1 is altered in mice affected by social isolation stress-induced cognitive deficits.

scholarly journals Altered ADAR1 in mice affected by social isolation stress-induced cognitive deficits

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Dong An ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Xiaoxin Cheng ◽  
Shiwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mouse Model ◽  
Protein Expression ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Adenosine Deaminase ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
Set Up

Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA (ADAR) activity increases in response to inflammation. Social isolation stress is related to neuroinflammation; however, it remains unclear whether ADAR1 is altered in response to social isolation stress-induced cognitive deficits. To investigate our hypothesis that ADAR1 displayed patterns of change in response to social isolation stress, we addressed this issue systemically by isolating Kunming mice for 2, 4 and 8 weeks individually since postnatal 21 days to set up isolation mouse model. Furthermore, we arranged re-socialization group to evaluate the alterations of ADAR1 in the cognitive deficits recovery. The results of behavior tests showed that social isolation stress resulted in cognitive dysfunction, which was recovered by re-socialization in re-gregarious rearing group. Furthermore, the immunohistochemistry and western blot results displayed that both the immunoreactivity and protein expression of ADAR1 in the hippocampus and frontal cortex increased obviously as compared to the same age mice without isolation. The above abnormal alterations of ADAR1 were recovered by re-socialization in re-gregarious rearing group. Our study supports the hypothesis that ADAR1 is altered in mice affected by social isolation stress-induced cognitive deficits.

scholarly journals Social isolation increased ADAR1 expressions leading to cognitive deficits of mice

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Dong An ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Xiaoxin Cheng ◽  
Shiwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Object Location ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Social Isolation Stress

A lot of literature show that social isolation stress could be a key reason that leads to cognitive deficits for both humans and rodent models; however, the detailed mechanisms are still not clear completely. ADAR1 (Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) is an enzyme involved in RNA editing that has a close relation to cognitive function. We hypothesize that social isolation stress may impact the expression of ADAR1, leading to cognitive deficits. To prove our hypothesis, we evaluated the cognition ability of the mice isolated for different durations (2, 4, and 8 weeks) using object recognition and object location tests; we also measured ADAR1 expressions in hippocampus and cortex using immunohistochemistry and western blot. Our study showed that social isolation stress significantly induced spatial and non-spatial cognition deficits. In addition, social isolation significantly increased both the immuno reactivity and protein expressions of ADAR1 in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Furthermore, we found that adolescent re-socialization recovered not only the cognition deficits but also the increased ADAR1 protein expression in hippocampus and the increased number of ADAR1 positive cells in frontal cortex of the isolated mice. In conclusion, social isolation stress significantly increased ADAR1 expressions in the hippocampus and cortex, leading to cognitive deficits.

scholarly journals Social isolation increased ADAR1 expressions leading to cognitive deficits of mice

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Dong An ◽  
Hong Xu ◽  
Xiaoxin Cheng ◽  
Shiwei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Frontal Cortex ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Cognitive Deficits ◽  
Close Relation ◽  
Object Location ◽  
Rodent Models ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Protein Expressions ◽  
Social Isolation Stress

A lot of literature show that social isolation stress could be a key reason that leads to cognitive deficits for both humans and rodent models; however, the detailed mechanisms are still not clear completely. ADAR1 (Adenosine deaminase acting on RNA) is an enzyme involved in RNA editing that has a close relation to cognitive function. We hypothesize that social isolation stress may impact the expression of ADAR1, leading to cognitive deficits. To prove our hypothesis, we evaluated the cognition ability of the mice isolated for different durations (2, 4, and 8 weeks) using object recognition and object location tests; we also measured ADAR1 expressions in hippocampus and cortex using immunohistochemistry and western blot. Our study showed that social isolation stress significantly induced spatial and non-spatial cognition deficits. In addition, social isolation significantly increased both the immuno reactivity and protein expressions of ADAR1 in the hippocampus and frontal cortex. Furthermore, we found that adolescent re-socialization recovered not only the cognition deficits but also the increased ADAR1 protein expression in hippocampus and the increased number of ADAR1 positive cells in frontal cortex of the isolated mice. In conclusion, social isolation stress significantly increased ADAR1 expressions in the hippocampus and cortex, leading to cognitive deficits.

T1677 Changes in Ghrelin or Upper Gastrointestinal-Associated Factor Gene Expression in Mice That Are Under Social Isolation Stress or Restricted Stress

2009 ◽  
Vol 136 (5) ◽  
pp. A-556
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Takeda ◽  
Shuichi Muto ◽  
Takehiko Katsurada ◽  
Yayoi Inagaki ◽  
Kazuaki Tsuchiya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Associated Factor ◽  
Factor Gene ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
Upper Gastrointestinal

Social isolation stress down-regulates cortical early growth response 1 (Egr-1) expression in mice

2012 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 257-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kinzo Matsumoto ◽  
Kazuya Ono ◽  
Hirofumi Ouchi ◽  
Ryohei Tsushima ◽  
Yukihisa Murakami
Keyword(s):  
Social Isolation ◽  
Growth Response ◽  
Early Growth ◽  
Isolation Stress ◽  
Early Growth Response ◽  
Social Isolation Stress ◽  
Early Growth Response 1
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