Male-specific alteration in excitatory post-synaptic development and social interaction in pre-natal valproic acid exposure model of autism spectrum disorder

2013 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 832-843 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ki Chan Kim ◽  
Pitna Kim ◽  
Hyo Sang Go ◽  
Chang Soon Choi ◽  
Jin Hee Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Acid Exposure ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Exposure Model ◽  
Synaptic Development ◽  
Specific Alteration ◽  
Male Specific

Altered attentional processing in male and female rats in a prenatal valproic acid exposure model of autism spectrum disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1929-1944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kumari Anshu ◽  
Ajay Kumar Nair ◽  
U.D. Kumaresan ◽  
Bindu M. Kutty ◽  
Shoba Srinath ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Acid Exposure ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Exposure Model ◽  
Attentional Processing ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Male And Female Rats

Cariprazine Alleviates Core Behavioral Deficits in the Prenatal Valproic Acid Exposure Rat Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
Vol 87 (9) ◽  
pp. S148-S149
Author(s):  
Nika Adham ◽  
Andrew Foley ◽  
Lynsey Hanratty ◽  
Béla Kiss ◽  
Bence Farkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Acid Exposure ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Behavioral Deficits

scholarly journals Preliminary Results Regarding Sleep in a Zebrafish Model of Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 556
Author(s):  
Madalina Andreea Robea ◽  
Alin Ciobica ◽  
Alexandrina-Stefania Curpan ◽  
Gabriel Plavan ◽  
Stefan Strungaru ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Valproic Acid ◽  
Social Behavior ◽  
Antiepileptic Drug ◽  
Alternative Model ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Developmental Defects

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most salient developmental neurological diseases and remarkable similarities have been found between humans and model animals of ASD. A common method of inducing ASD in zebrafish is by administrating valproic acid (VPA), which is an antiepileptic drug that is strongly linked with developmental defects in children. In the present study we replicated and extended the findings of VPA on social behavior in zebrafish by adding several sleep observations. Juvenile zebrafish manifested hyperactivity and an increase in ASD-like social behaviors but, interestingly, only exhibited minimal alterations in sleep. Our study confirmed that VPA can generate specific ASD symptoms, indicating that the zebrafish is an alternative model in this field of research.

scholarly journals Cariprazine alleviates core behavioral deficits in the prenatal valproic acid exposure model of autism spectrum disorder

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktor Román ◽  
Nika Adham ◽  
Andrew G. Foley ◽  
Lynsey Hanratty ◽  
Bence Farkas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Partial Agonist ◽  
Social Play ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Repetitive Behaviors ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Exposure Model ◽  
Behavioral Deficits

Abstract Rationale Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition characterized by deficits in social communication and interaction and restricted, repetitive behaviors. The unmet medical need in ASD is considerable since there is no approved pharmacotherapy for the treatment of these deficits in social communication, interaction, and behavior. Cariprazine, a dopamine D3-preferring D3/D2 receptor partial agonist, is already approved for the treatment of schizophrenia and bipolar I disorder in adults; investigation in patients with ASD is warranted. Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of cariprazine, compared with risperidone and aripiprazole, in the rat prenatal valporic acid (VPA) exposure model on behavioral endpoints representing the core and associated symptoms of ASD. Methods To induce the ASD model, time-mated Wistar rat dams were treated with VPA during pregnancy. Male offspring were assigned to groups and studied in a behavioral test battery at different ages, employing social play, open field, social approach-avoidance, and social recognition memory tests. Animals were dosed orally, once a day for 8 days, with test compounds (cariprazine, risperidone, aripiprazole) or vehicle before behavioral assessment. Results Cariprazine showed dose-dependent efficacy on all behavioral endpoints. In the social play paradigm, only cariprazine was effective. On the remaining behavioral endpoints, including the reversal of hyperactivity, risperidone and aripiprazole displayed similar efficacy to cariprazine. Conclusions In the present study, cariprazine effectively reversed core behavioral deficits and hyperactivity present in juvenile and young adult autistic-like rats. These findings indicate that cariprazine may be useful in the treatment of ASD symptoms.

Assessment and Treatment of Selective Mutism in a Child With Autism Spectrum Disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 153465012098345
Author(s):  
Mirela Cengher ◽  
Joy C. Clayborne ◽  
Adrianna E. Crouch ◽  
Julia T. O’Connor
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Behavioral Interventions ◽  
Selective Mutism ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Assessment And Treatment

Over 60% of children diagnosed with selective mutism are also diagnosed with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Previous research established that behavioral interventions are effective at increasing speech in children with both diagnoses. However, few studies conducted assessments to determine environmental variables that inhibit speech, and such assessments are necessary for the development of effective and efficient treatments. This case study describes an assessment that evaluated the function(s) of selective mutism. The results confirmed that the participant did not talk to avoid social interaction and that mutism occurred primarily in the presence of multiple, unfamiliar people. Our first treatment focused on increasing tolerance for social interaction, demonstrated by an increase in speech production in the presence of unfamiliar people. Our second treatment focused on increasing qualitative aspects of the participant’s speech (i.e., both responses and initiations). Finally, we taught the participant’s parents to implement the treatment in naturalistic settings, and the participant demonstrated generalization of treatment effects across people and settings. Implications for clinical practice and future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Changing diagnostic practices: autism spectrum disorder

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Woodbury-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Cognition ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Medical Practice ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Nosology ◽  
Diagnostic Practices

SummaryIn medical practice it is crucial that symptom descriptions are as precise and objective as possible, which psychiatry attempts to achieve through its psychopathological lexicon. The term ‘autism spectrum disorder’ has now entered psychiatric nosology, but the symptom definitions on which it is based are not robust, potentially making reliable and valid diagnoses a problem. This is further compounded by the spectral nature of the disorder and its lack of clear diagnostic boundaries. To overcome this, there is a need for a psychopathological lexicon of 'social cognition’ and a classification system that splits rather than lumps disorders with core difficulties in social interaction.

scholarly journals Fostering Emotion Recognition in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Vinícius Silva ◽  
Filomena Soares ◽  
João Sena Esteves ◽  
Cristina P. Santos ◽  
Ana Paula Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Social Interaction ◽  
Emotion Recognition ◽  
Facial Expressions ◽  
Social Communication ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Support Vector ◽  
Robotic Platform ◽  
Children With Asd

Facial expressions are of utmost importance in social interactions, allowing communicative prompts for a speaking turn and feedback. Nevertheless, not all have the ability to express themselves socially and emotionally in verbal and non-verbal communication. In particular, individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) are characterized by impairments in social communication, repetitive patterns of behaviour, and restricted activities or interests. In the literature, the use of robotic tools is reported to promote social interaction with children with ASD. The main goal of this work is to develop a system capable of automatic detecting emotions through facial expressions and interfacing them with a robotic platform (Zeno R50 Robokind® robotic platform, named ZECA) in order to allow social interaction with children with ASD. ZECA was used as a mediator in social communication activities. The experimental setup and methodology for a real-time facial expression (happiness, sadness, anger, surprise, fear, and neutral) recognition system was based on the Intel® RealSense™ 3D sensor and on facial features extraction and multiclass Support Vector Machine classifier. The results obtained allowed to infer that the proposed system is adequate in support sessions with children with ASD, giving a strong indication that it may be used in fostering emotion recognition and imitation skills.

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