scholarly journals Human Rights, Civil Rights: Prescribing Disability Discrimination Prevention in Packaging Essential Health Benefits

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 781-791 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita Silvers ◽  
Leslie Francis
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Civil Rights ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Care Insurance ◽  
Private Health Care ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Population Ratio ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Essential Health Benefits

Health care insurance schemes, whether private or public, are notoriously unaccommodating to individuals with disabilities. While most nonelderly nondisabled persons in the U.S. are insured through private sources, coverage sources for nonelderly persons with disabilities have traditionally been a mix of private and public coverage. For all age groups, the employment-to-population ratio is much lower for persons with a disability than for those with no disability. Moreover, employed persons with a disability were more likely to be self-employed than those with no disability. As a group, therefore, nonelderly people with disabilities have not been as well positioned as others to obtain private health care insurance because in the U.S., acquiring such coverage usually is employer based.

Medical Expenditures on and by Immigrant Populations in the United States: A Systematic Review

2018 ◽  
Vol 48 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lila Flavin ◽  
Leah Zallman ◽  
Danny McCormick ◽  
J. Wesley Boyd
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Health Care Policy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Care Expenditures ◽  
The United States ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Health Insurance Markets ◽  
Private And Public

In health care policy debates, discussion centers around the often-misperceived costs of providing medical care to immigrants. This review seeks to compare health care expenditures of U.S. immigrants to those of U.S.-born individuals and evaluate the role which immigrants play in the rising cost of health care. We systematically examined all post-2000, peer-reviewed studies in PubMed related to health care expenditures by immigrants written in English in the United States. The reviewers extracted data independently using a standardized approach. Immigrants’ overall expenditures were one-half to two-thirds those of U.S.-born individuals, across all assessed age groups, regardless of immigration status. Per capita expenditures from private and public insurance sources were lower for immigrants, particularly expenditures for undocumented immigrants. Immigrant individuals made larger out-of-pocket health care payments compared to U.S.-born individuals. Overall, immigrants almost certainly paid more toward medical expenses than they withdrew, providing a low-risk pool that subsidized the public and private health insurance markets. We conclude that insurance and medical care should be made more available to immigrants rather than less so.

U.S. Disabilities Legislation Affecting Electronic and Information Technology

2005 ◽  
pp. 2916-2920
Author(s):  
Deborah Bursa ◽  
Lorraine Justice ◽  
Mimi Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Americans With Disabilities Act ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Section 508 ◽  
Technology Products ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
And Training ◽  
The U.S

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is the cornerstone legislation to address the civil rights of people with disabilities, including making products, services, and physical environments accessible to them. Almost everyone in the U.S. is familiar with the ADA, but designers of technology products and services need to be aware of accessibility standards that go beyond the ADA: specifically, Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act and Section 255 of the Communications Act. These laws define accessibility standards and guidelines that impact the design of electronic, information, and telecommunication technologies, and they are intended to promote products and services that are as accessible to persons with disabilities as those without (Section 508, 1998). Furthermore, with the aging of the U.S. and world populations (Forrester, 2004), the number of people who want to use technology but cannot, because of disabilities, is on the rise. Designers of technology need to understand how modifications in traditional design will make products more marketable and usable by a wider range of customers. This article reviews important aspects of Sections 508 and 255, assistive technology and accessible design, and additional sources of information and training.

scholarly journals Comparison of Access to Eye Care Appointments Between Patients With Medicaid and Those With Private Health Care Insurance

2018 ◽  
Vol 136 (6) ◽  
pp. 622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoon H. Lee ◽  
Andrew X. Chen ◽  
Varshini Varadaraj ◽  
Gloria H. Hong ◽  
Yimin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Insurance ◽  
Private Health Care ◽  
Eye Care

scholarly journals Secular trends in the epidemiology of shingles in Alberta

2007 ◽  
Vol 135 (6) ◽  
pp. 908-913 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. L. RUSSELL ◽  
D. P. SCHOPFLOCHER ◽  
L. SVENSON ◽  
S. N. VIRANI
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Vaccination Programme ◽  
Varicella Vaccine ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Health Care Insurance ◽  
Publicly Funded ◽  
Diagnostic Codes ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Alberta Health

SUMMARYVaricella vaccine was licensed in Canada in 1998, and a publicly funded vaccination programme introduced in the province of Alberta in 2001. In theory the vaccination programme might increase the burden of disease from shingles, making it important to develop baseline data against which future comparisons can be made. The study's aim was to describe the epidemiology of non-fatal cases of shingles for which publicly funded health services were utilized for the period 1986–2002. Shingles cases were identified from the records of Alberta's universal, publicly funded health-care insurance system for 1986–2002. The earliest dated health service utilizations for ICD-9-CM codes of 053 or ICD-10-CA codes of B02 were classified as incident. Diagnostic codes at least 180 days after the first were classified as recurrent episodes. Denominators for rates were estimated using mid-year population estimates from the Alberta Health Care Insurance Plan Registry. Annual age- and sex-specific rates were estimated. We explored the pattern of rates for sex, age and year effects and their interactions. Shingles rates increased between 1986 and 2002. There was a sex effect and evidence of an age–sex interaction. Females had higher rates than males at every age; however, the difference between females and males was greatest for the 50–54 years age group and declined for older age groups. The increased rate of shingles in Alberta began before varicella vaccine was licensed or publicly funded in Alberta, and thus cannot be attributed to vaccination.

U.S. Disabilities Legislation Affecting Electronic and Information Technology

2011 ◽  
pp. 3840-3844
Author(s):  
Deborah Deborah Bursa ◽  
Larraine Justice ◽  
Mimi Kessler
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Americans With Disabilities Act ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Section 508 ◽  
Technology Products ◽  
Physical Environments ◽  
Standards And Guidelines ◽  
And Training ◽  
The U.S

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) is the cornerstone legislation to address the civil rights of people with disabilities, including making products, services, and physical environments accessible to them. Almost everyone in the U.S. is familiar with the ADA, but designers of technology products and services need to be aware of accessibility standards that go beyond the ADA: specifically, Section 508 of the Rehabilitation Act and Section 255 of the Communications Act. These laws define accessibility standards and guidelines that impact the design of electronic, information, and telecommunication technologies, and they are intended to promote products and services that are as accessible to persons with disabilities as those without (Section 508, 1998). Furthermore, with the aging of the U.S. and world populations (Forrester, 2004), the number of people who want to use technology but cannot, because of disabilities, is on the rise. Designers of technology need to understand how modifications in traditional design will make products more marketable and usable by a wider range of customers. This article reviews important aspects of Sections 508 and 255, assistive technology and accessible design, and additional sources of information and training.

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