Evaluation of the Alternative Healthy Eating Index as a predictor of 10-year cardiovascular disease risk in a group of Iranian employees

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 499-505 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Hariri ◽  
S. Darafshi Ghahroudi ◽  
E. Nasseri ◽  
D. Bondarianzadeh ◽  
A. Houshyar-Rad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Alternative Healthy Eating Index

scholarly journals Whole Blood DNA Methylation Signatures of Diet Are Associated With Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors and All-Cause Mortality

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiantao Ma ◽  
Casey M. Rebholz ◽  
Kim V.E. Braun ◽  
Lindsay M. Reynolds ◽  
Stella Aslibekyan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dna Methylation ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
European Ancestry ◽  
Alternative Healthy Eating Index ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
Diet Score

Background: DNA methylation patterns associated with habitual diet have not been well studied. Methods: Diet quality was characterized using a Mediterranean-style diet score and the Alternative Healthy Eating Index score. We conducted ethnicity-specific and trans-ethnic epigenome-wide association analyses for diet quality and leukocyte-derived DNA methylation at over 400 000 CpGs (cytosine-guanine dinucleotides) in 5 population-based cohorts including 6662 European ancestry, 2702 African ancestry, and 360 Hispanic ancestry participants. For diet-associated CpGs identified in epigenome-wide analyses, we conducted Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine their relations to cardiovascular disease risk factors and examined their longitudinal associations with all-cause mortality. Results: We identified 30 CpGs associated with either Mediterranean-style diet score or Alternative Healthy Eating Index, or both, in European ancestry participants. Among these CpGs, 12 CpGs were significantly associated with all-cause mortality (Bonferroni corrected P <1.6×10 −3 ). Hypermethylation of cg18181703 ( SOCS3 ) was associated with higher scores of both Mediterranean-style diet score and Alternative Healthy Eating Index and lower risk for all-cause mortality ( P =5.7×10 −15 ). Ten additional diet-associated CpGs were nominally associated with all-cause mortality ( P <0.05). MR analysis revealed 8 putatively causal associations for 6 CpGs with 4 cardiovascular disease risk factors (body mass index, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, and type 2 diabetes mellitus; Bonferroni corrected MR P <4.5×10 −4 ). For example, hypermethylation of cg11250194 ( FADS2 ) was associated with lower triglyceride concentrations (MR, P =1.5×10 −14 ).and hypermethylation of cg02079413 ( SNORA54 ; NAP1L4 ) was associated with body mass index (corrected MR, P =1×10 −6 ). Conclusions: Habitual diet quality was associated with differential peripheral leukocyte DNA methylation levels of 30 CpGs, most of which were also associated with multiple health outcomes, in European ancestry individuals. These findings demonstrate that integrative genomic analysis of dietary information may reveal molecular targets for disease prevention and treatment.

scholarly journals Short-Term Effects of Healthy Eating Pattern Cycling on Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors: Pooled Results from Two Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren O'Connor ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
R. Drew Sayer ◽  
Jane Hennessy ◽  
Wayne Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors ◽  
Eating Pattern

Adherence to healthy eating patterns (HEPs) is often short-lived and can lead to repetitive attempts of adopting—but not maintaining—HEPs. We assessed effects of adopting, abandoning, and readopting HEPs (HEP cycling) on cardiovascular disease risk factors (CVD-RF). We hypothesized that HEP cycling would improve, worsen, and again improve CVD-RF. Data were retrospectively pooled for secondary analyses from two randomized, crossover, controlled feeding trials (n = 60, 52 ± 2 years, 30.6 ± 0.6 kg/m2) which included two 5–6 week HEP interventions (Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension-style or Mediterranean-style) separated by a four-week unrestricted eating period. Ambulatory and fasting blood pressures (BP), fasting serum lipids, lipoproteins, glucose, and insulin were measured before and during the last week of HEP interventions. Fasting systolic BP and total cholesterol decreased (−6 ± 1 mm Hg and −19 ± 3 mg/dL, respectively, p < 0.05), returned to baseline, then decreased again (−5 ± 1 mm Hg and −13 ± 3 mg/dL, respectively, p < 0.05) when adopting, abandoning, and readopting a HEP; magnitude of changes did not differ. Ambulatory and fasting diastolic BP and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations followed similar patterns; glucose and insulin remained unchanged. Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations decreased with initial adoption but not readoption (−13 ± 3 and −6 ± 3, respectively, interaction p = 0.020). Healthcare professionals should encourage individuals to consistently consume a HEP for cardiovascular health but also encourage them to try again if a first attempt is unsuccessful or short-lived.

Three Healthy Eating Patterns and Cardiovascular Disease Risk Markers in 9 to 18 Year Olds With Body Mass Index >95%: A Randomized Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 60 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 474-484
Author(s):  
Michael Macknin ◽  
Nicole Stegmeier ◽  
Alicia Thomas ◽  
Sarah Worley ◽  
Lin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Randomized Trial ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Risk Markers ◽  
Increased Risk

Approximately 20% of American 9 to 18 year olds are obese, and most carry their excess adiposity, with its associated increased risk for cardiovascular disease, into adulthood. We studied cardiovascular disease risk markers changes associated with 3 healthy eating patterns (HEPs) in 96 9 to 18 year olds with a body mass index >95% in a Midwestern health system 1-year randomized trial. All HEPs were associated with similar statistically significant ( P < .05 to <.001) cardiovascular disease risk marker improvements in weight, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and myeloperoxidase. Time required was the only identified significant ( P < .001) deterrent from enrolling in study. These HEPs had characteristics common to most HEPs: encouraging whole foods, fruits and vegetables, whole grains, beans other legumes, and limiting added salt, saturated fatty acids, added sugars, red meat, processed meats, and other processed foods. Further research on initiatives to ease the time burden, and increase implementation of established healthy eating principles is needed.

Variation in the Content of Postpartum Visits by Maternal Race/Ethnicity, Preconception, and Pregnancy-Related Cardiovascular Disease Risk, PRAMS, 2016-2017

2021 ◽  
pp. 003335492110058
Author(s):  
Kaitlyn K. Stanhope ◽  
Michael R. Kramer
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
White Women ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Postpartum Visit ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
Prevention Messages ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Cvd Prevention

Objectives Limited evidence suggests racial/ethnic disparities in postpartum visit attendance; however, little is known about patterns in postpartum visit content. We sought to determine whether receipt of screening and counseling varies by race/ethnicity and whether cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk (preconception or pregnancy related) predicts postpartum visit content. Methods We used data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System 2016-2017 (39 sites) to calculate the prevalence of self-reported receipt of screening, services, and counseling at the postpartum visit by race/ethnicity and CVD risk (unweighted analytic sample n = 59 427). We created a score representing receipt of 5 key screenings or messages at the visit (counseling on healthy eating and exercise, cigarettes, pregnancy spacing, and birth control methods; screening for depression), which we used as a binary indicator of visit content in regression models. We fit a logistic regression model to determine the magnitude of association between CVD risk and receipt of the 5 key messages, prevention screening, or CVD-specific counseling (on healthy eating and exercise, smoking), adjusting for maternal age, race/ethnicity, and health insurance status. Results Overall, 40% of women reported receiving all CVD-specific prevention messages. Both prepregnancy and pregnancy-related CVD risk were associated with increased odds of receipt of CVD prevention messages (adjusted odds ratios [aOR] = 1.2; 95% CI, 1.1-1.3; and 1.1; 95% CI, 1.1-1.2, respectively). Race/ethnicity was a stronger predictor than CVD risk: non-Hispanic Black women were twice as likely as non-Hispanic White women to receive CVD prevention messages, regardless of CVD risk (aOR = 1.9; 95% CI, 1.7-2.0). Conclusions Health systems should consider novel strategies to improve and standardize the content of postpartum visits.

scholarly journals Diet quality and risk factors for cardiovascular disease among South Asians in Alberta

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 886-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatheema B. Subhan ◽  
Catherine B. Chan
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Diet Quality ◽  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
South Asians ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Dietary Recommendations

South Asians have a higher prevalence of early onset cardiovascular disease risk compared with other populations. Dietary intake is a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Dietary patterns in immigrants and successive generations of South Asians settled in Western countries undergo adaptions. Little is known about the dietary intake of South Asians in Alberta, thus the objective of the present study was to describe the dietary patterns among South Asians and their risks for cardiovascular diseases. A retrospective analysis of data collected from 140 South Asian adults participating in the Alberta’s Tomorrow Project was conducted. Dietary intake was assessed using a food frequency questionnaire and the Healthy Eating Index (HEI) was used an indicator of overall diet quality and adherence to dietary recommendations made by Health Canada. Central obesity (70%), hypercholesterolemia (27%), and hypertension (14%) were predominant health conditions observed in the study participants. About 56% and 44% of participants obtained moderate and poor HEI scores, respectively. The diet quality of the majority of participants was inadequate to meet macro- and micronutrient intake recommendations. The high prevalence of poor/moderate diet quality and pre-existing chronic health conditions across all body mass index groups is a cause for concern in this population.

Abstract MP20: Dietary Quality and Mortality among Myocardial Infarction Survivors

Circulation ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 127 (suppl_12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shanshan Li ◽  
Stephanie E Chiuve ◽  
Alan Flint ◽  
Jennifer Pai ◽  
John Forman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Cardiovascular Mortality ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
The United States ◽  
Healthy Eating Index ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Alternative Healthy Eating Index ◽  
All Cause Mortality

Background: Despite the increase in the prevalence of non-fatal Myocardial Infarction (MI) in the United States, evidence based recommendations for diet post-MI are limited and established primarily from studies of short duration. Objective: Using data from the Nurses’ Health Study and the Health Professional Follow-Up Study, we assessed dietary quality, measured by the recently developed Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI2010), to evaluate diet post-MI and changes in diet from pre- to post-MI in relation to all-cause and cardiovascular mortality. Method and Results: We included 2,258 women and 1,840 men who were free of cardiovascular disease, stroke or cancer at the time of enrollment (1976 for women and 1986 for men), and survived a first MI during the follow up through 2008. Individuals were free of stroke at the time of initial MI onset, provided both pre-MI exposure information and at least one post-MI food frequency questionnaire (FFQ). During follow-up, we confirmed 682 all cause and 336 cardiovascular deaths for women, and 451 all cause and 222 cardiovascular deaths for men. The median survival time after initial MI was 8.7 years for women and 9.0 years for men. The Alternative Healthy Eating Index 2010 (AHEI2010) was developed based on a comprehensive review of the relevant literature to determine foods and nutrients most consistently associated with lower chronic disease risk and has the following 11 components: vegetables, fruits, nuts and legumes, red meat and processed meats, sugar-sweetened beverages, alcohol, polyunsaturated fat (no EPA or DHA), trans fat, omega-3 fat (EPA and DHA), whole grains and sodium intake. We used Cox proportional hazards models with time since initial MI onset as the underlying time scale and adjusted for medication use, medical history, and lifestyles factors. After pooling the results from both cohorts, the adjusted HR was 0.76 (95%CI: 0.60-0.96) for all-cause mortality and 0.74 (95%CI: 0.51-1.05) for cardiovascular mortality, between the highest and lowest quintile of the AHEI2010. A greater increase in AHEI2010 score from the pre- to post-MI period comparing Q5 (highest increase) vs. Q1 (lowest increase), was significantly associated with lower all-cause mortality (pooled HR= 0.71, 95%CI: 0.55-0.90) and cardiovascular mortality (pooled HR= 0.59, 95%CI: 0.41- 0.86). Conclusions: Our results suggest that post-MI patients who consume a higher quality diet, which has been associated with lower risk of CHD in primary prevention, have lower all-cause mortality. The current dietary recommendations for secondary prevention among MI patients need to be updated to reflect current scientific knowledge and to offer comprehensive advice on overall healthy diet quality.

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