Catechol‐ O ‐methyltransferase ( COMT ) polymorphism predicts rapid gait speed changes in healthy older adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Briana N. Sprague ◽  
Andrea L. Rosso ◽  
Xiaonan Zhu ◽  
Nicolaas I. Bohnen ◽  
Caterina Rosano
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Comt Polymorphism

Talk or Walk? Gait Speed over Self-Report in Association with Cognitive Speed in Healthy Older Adults

GeroPsych ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-52
Author(s):  
Matthew C. Costello ◽  
Shane J. Sizemore ◽  
Kimberly E. O’Brien ◽  
Lydia K. Manning
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Subjective Report ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Relative Value ◽  
Cognitive Speed ◽  
Age Range

Abstract. This study explores the relative value of both subjectively reported cognitive speed and gait speed in association with objectively derived cognitive speed. It also explores how these factors are affected by psychological and physical well-being. A group of 90 cognitively healthy older adults ( M = 73.38, SD = 8.06 years, range = 60–89 years) were tested in a three-task cognitive battery to determine objective cognitive speed as well as measures of gait speed, well-being, and subjective cognitive speed. Analyses indicated that gait speed was associated with objective cognitive speed to a greater degree than was subjective report, the latter being more closely related to well-being than to objective cognitive speed. These results were largely invariant across the 30-year age range of our older adult sample.

scholarly journals Dopamine-Related Genotype Predicts Trajectories of Gait Reserve in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 756-757
Author(s):  
Briana Sprague ◽  
Andrea Rosso ◽  
Xiaonan Zhu ◽  
Caterina Rosano
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Community Ambulation ◽  
Related Genotype ◽  
Comt Polymorphism ◽  
Task Adaptation ◽  
Over Time

Abstract The capacity to increase one’s gait speed is critical for maintaining safe community ambulation. There is limited work on the longitudinal changes in this capacity and its predictors. Because lower dopamine is associated with lower task adaptation and motivation, we hypothesized that lower dopamine would predict more decline in rapid gait speed. Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) polymorphism and at least 3 repeated rapid and usual pace gait speed assessments were obtained over 10 years in 1,261 older adults (mean age=75.2, 867 White, 659 women). Linear mixed models computed person-specific rapid and usual pace gait speed trajectories. Regression models adjusted for usual gait trajectory tested whether COMT predicted rapid gait trajectory; covariates included, demographic, psychological, cognitive, and physical factors. Val/Val carriers (lower dopamine) declined more in rapid gait compared to Met/Met carriers (higher dopamine; adjusted b=-.002, SE=.001, p=.042). Modifying dopamine may positively influence the ability to maintain rapid gait over time.

scholarly journals Change in hand dexterity and habitual gait speed reflects cognitive decline over time in healthy older adults: a longitudinal study

2017 ◽  
Vol 29 (10) ◽  
pp. 1737-1741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takumi Abe ◽  
Yuki Soma ◽  
Naruki Kitano ◽  
Takashi Jindo ◽  
Ayane Sato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Hand Dexterity ◽  
Over Time

scholarly journals Effectiveness of a community-based brain-computer interface cognitive group training in healthy community-dwelling older adults: A randomized controlled implementation study (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei Shi Yeo ◽  
Tu Ngoc Nguyen ◽  
Mary Pei Ern Ng ◽  
Robin Wai Munn Choo ◽  
Philip Lin Kiat Yap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Visuospatial Abilities ◽  
Healthy Community

BACKGROUND Cognitive training can improve cognition in healthy older adults OBJECTIVE The objectives are to evaluate the implementation of a community-based computerized cognitive training (CCT) and its effectiveness on cognition, gait, and balance in healthy older adults. METHODS A single-blind randomized controlled trial with baseline and follow-up assessments was conducted in two community centers (CCs) in Singapore. A total of 94 healthy community-dwelling adults aged 55 and above participated in a ten-week CCT program with two-hour instructor-led group classes conducted twice a week. Participants used a mobile application to play games targeting attention, memory, decision making, visuospatial abilities, and cognitive flexibility. Implementation was assessed at the participant-, provider-, and community-level (e.g., reach, implementation, and facilitators & barriers). Effectiveness measures were the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS), Color Trails Test Part 2 (CTT2), Berg Balance Scale, and GAITRite® walkway measures (single & dual task gait speed, dual task cost, and single & dual task gait variability index (GVI)). RESULTS The data was based on Intention-to-treat (ITT) and Per-protocol (PP) analysis. In the ITT group, single task GVI increased (b = 2.32, P = .02, 95% CI [0.30, 4.35]) and RBANS List Recognition subtest deteriorated (b = -0.57, P = .01, 95% CI [-1.00, -0.14]) in both groups. In the PP group, time taken to complete CCT2 (b = -13.5, P = .01, 95% CI [-23.95, -3.14]) was faster in the intervention group. Single task gait speed was also marginally significantly maintained in the intervention group (b = 5.38, P = .063, 95% CI [-0.30, 11.36]) but declined in the control group. For RBANS subtests, Picture Naming (b = 0.43, P = .04, 95% CI [0.01, 0.85]) improved significantly in both groups while List Recognition subtests (b = -0.54, P = .02, 95% CI [-1.00, -0.08]) performance deteriorated. CONCLUSIONS CCT can be successfully implemented in community settings to improve attention, executive function, and visuospatial abilities while maintaining gait speed amongst healthy older adults. Findings help to identify suitable healthy ageing programs that can be implemented on a larger scale within communities. CLINICALTRIAL ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT04439591

scholarly journals Lockdown Effects on Healthy Cognitive Aging During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Longitudinal Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Amanzio ◽  
Nicola Canessa ◽  
Massimo Bartoli ◽  
Giuseppina Elena Cipriani ◽  
Sara Palermo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Aging ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Physical Factors ◽  
Physical Frailty ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Trail Making

The COVID-19 pandemic is a health issue leading older adults to an increased vulnerability to unfavorable outcomes. Indeed, the presence of physical frailty has recently led to higher mortality due to SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, no longitudinal studies have investigated the role of neuropsychogeriatric factors associated with lockdown fatigue in healthy cognitive aging. Eighty-one healthy older adults were evaluated for their neuropsychological characteristics, including physical frailty, before the pandemic (T0). Subsequently, 50 of them agreed to be interviewed and neuropsychologically re-assessed during the lockdown (T1) and immediately after it (T2). Moreover, during another home confinement, they performed a psychological screening (T3) to evaluate possible mood changes and fatigue. According to Fried's frailty criteria, at T0, 63% of the sample was robust, 34.5% pre-frail, and only 2.5% frail. Significantly, these subjects presented a decrease in handgrip strength and walking speed (29.6 and 6.1%, respectively). Results from Principal Component Analyses and multiple regression models highlighted the contribution of “cognitive” and “psychological” factors (i.e., attentive-executive performance and mood deflections) in explaining handgrip strength and gait speed. At T3, lockdown fatigue was explained by higher scores on the Beck Depression Inventory and lower scores on the Trail Making Test part A. Results from a moderated-mediation model showed that the effect of psychomotor speed on lockdown fatigue was mediated by depression, with a moderating effect of gait speed. Our findings highlight the complex interrelationship between cognitive, psychological, and physical factors in the emergence of pandemic fatigue in a carefully selected older population.

scholarly journals Repeated Gait Perturbation Training in Parkinson's Disease and Healthy Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Femke Hulzinga ◽  
Veerle de Rond ◽  
Britt Vandendoorent ◽  
Moran Gilat ◽  
Pieter Ginis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Stride Length ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Perturbation Training

Background: Gait impairments are common in healthy older adults (HOA) and people with Parkinson's disease (PwPD), especially when adaptations to the environment are required. Traditional rehabilitation programs do not typically address these adaptive gait demands in contrast to repeated gait perturbation training (RGPT). RGPT is a novel reactive form of gait training with potential for both short and long-term consolidation in HOA and PwPD. The aim of this systematic review with meta-analysis is to determine whether RGPT is more effective than non-RGPT gait training in improving gait and balance in HOA and PwPD in the short and longer term.Methods: This review was conducted according to the PRISMA-guidelines and pre-registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD42020183273). Included studies tested the effects of any form of repeated perturbations during gait in HOA and PwPD on gait speed, step or stride length. Studies using balance scales or sway measures as outcomes were included in a secondary analysis. Effects of randomized controlled trials (RCT) on RGPT were pooled using a meta-analysis of final measures.Results: Of the 4421 studies, eight studies were deemed eligible for review, of which six could be included in the meta-analysis, totaling 209 participants (159 PwPD and 50 HOA). The studies were all of moderate quality. The meta-analysis revealed no significant effects of RGPT over non-RGPT training on gait performance (SMD = 0.16; 95% CI = −0.18, 0.49; Z = 0.92; P = 0.36). Yet, in some individual studies, favorable effects on gait speed, step length and stride length were observed immediately after the intervention as well as after a retention period. Gait variability and asymmetry, signifying more direct outcomes of gait adaptation, also indicated favorable RGPT effects in some individual studies.Conclusion: Despite some promising results, the pooled effects of RGPT on gait and balance were not significantly greater as compared to non-RGPT gait training in PwPD and HOA. However, these findings could have been driven by low statistical power. Therefore, the present review points to the imperative to conduct sufficiently powered RCT's to verify the true effects of RGPT on gait and balance in HOA and PwPD.Systematic Review Registration:https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php? Identifier: CRD42020183273.

The reliability of gait variability measures for individuals with Parkinson’s disease and healthy older adults – The effect of gait speed

2018 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 505-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Rennie ◽  
Niklas Löfgren ◽  
Rolf Moe-Nilssen ◽  
Arve Opheim ◽  
Espen Dietrichs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Gait Variability ◽  
Healthy Older Adults

Prediction of Reduced Gait Speed Using 5-Time Sit-to-Stand Test in Healthy Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Cristina Carvalho de Abreu ◽  
Jaqueline Mello Porto ◽  
Patricia Silva Tofani ◽  
Roberta de Matos Brunelli Braghin ◽  
Renato Campos Freire Junior
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Gait Speed ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Stand Test ◽  
Sit To Stand
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