scholarly journals Non‐Esterified Fatty Acids and Risks of Frailty, Disability, and Mobility Limitation in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 68 (12) ◽  
pp. 2890-2897
Author(s):  
Peter Ahiawodzi ◽  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Joachim H. Ix ◽  
Jorge R. Kizer ◽  
Russell P. Tracy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Mobility Limitation ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

Abstract P560: Serum Non-esterified Fatty Acids and Risk of Incident Stroke in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 141 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil K Huang ◽  
Nirupa R Matthan ◽  
Mary L Biggs ◽  
W T Longstreth ◽  
David S Siscovick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Lower Risk ◽  
Palmitoleic Acid ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Fasting Serum ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

Introduction: Serum non-esterified fatty acids (NEFAs) have been linked to both local and systemic inflammation and are higher in individuals with obesity, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, and ischemic stroke risk. Significant associations between total plasma NEFA concentrations and incident ischemic stroke have been reported in some but not all prospective studies. Given the functional and structural diversity among circulating NEFA, the associations of individual or clusters of circulating NEFAs may provide additional insight into their relationship with incident stroke. Hypothesis: Fasting serum n-3 NEFAs are inversely associated, and saturated and trans NEFAs are positively associated with incident stroke. Methods: We analyzed the incidence of stroke among Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS) participants who were free of stroke in 1996-1997 and underwent fasting NEFA profile measurement. At baseline, mean age was 77.8±4.5, body mass index was 26.7±4.4 and 61% were female. A total of 38 individual NEFAs in 5 classes (saturated, monounsaturated, polyunsaturated n-6, polyunsaturated n-3 and trans NEFAs) were measured using gas chromatography. Cox regression was used to evaluate the association of individual NEFA species with incident stroke, adjusting for: age, sex, race, and field center (model 1); model 1 covariates plus smoking, education, physical activity, alcohol consumption, eGFR, BMI, aspirin use, waist circumference, hypertension, prevalent diabetes, and cholesterol (model 2). Results: A total of 338 cases of incident stroke occurred during median follow-up of 10.5 years. In the fully adjusted model, trans -palmitoleic acid was inversely associated with incident stroke (HR per 1 mol% of NEFA composition: 0.03 [95% CI: 0.00 to 0.77], P <0.03). Serum docosahexaenoic acid levels were associated with lower risk of incident stroke (HR: 0.63 [95% CI: 0.40 to 1.00], P <0.05). Total n-3 fatty acids (HR: 0.78 [95% CI: 0.63 to 0.97]) and docosapentaenoic acid (HR: 0.12 [95% CI: 0.02 to 0.88]) were each associated with lower risk of incident stroke only in model 1. No significant association of saturated NEFAs with incidence of stroke was observed. Conclusion: Among fasting serum NEFA, docosahexaenoic acid and trans -palmitoleic acid were inversely associated with incident stroke, suggesting that these fatty acids may protect older adults from stroke.

scholarly journals Non-esterified fatty acids and telomere length in older adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 100058
Author(s):  
Peter Ahiawodzi ◽  
Annette L. Fitzpatrick ◽  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Joachim H. Ix ◽  
Jorge R. Kizer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Esterified Fatty Acids

Abstract P145: Circulating and Dietary Trans-Fatty Acids and Incident Type-2 Diabetes Mellitus in Older Adults: The Cardiovascular Health Study

Circulation ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 129 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Qianyi Wang ◽  
Fumiaki Imamura ◽  
Wenjie Ma ◽  
Rozenn N Lemaitre ◽  
Irena B King ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trans Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Plasma Phospholipid ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study

Background: While trans-fatty acids (TFA) influence CHD, their effects on type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) are not established, with mixed findings of experimental, short-term intervention, and observational studies. Effects may vary depending on specific TFA subtype or method of assessment (circulating biomarkers vs. diet). Objectives: To examine prospective associations of circulating and estimated dietary TFA with risk of incident DM in older adults. Methods: Plasma phospholipid trans-(t-)16:1n9, total t-18:1, and cis/trans-(c/t-), t/c- and t/t-18:2(n6,9) were measured in blood stored among 3,076 adults in the Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS), aged 74±5y and free of prevalent DM in 1992. Dietary TFA was estimated among 4,246 adults free of prevalent DM when dietary questionnaires were initially administered in 1989 (n=3,917) or in 1996 (n=329). Incident DM up to 2009 was defined as new use of insulin or hypoglycemic drugs, fasting glucose≥126 mg/dL, nonfasting glucose≥200 mg/dL, or 2-hour post-challenge glucose≥200 mg/dL. The relative risk of incident DM associated with each TFA subtype was assessed using multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression. Results: Levels of each circulating TFA subtype varied from 2.00±0.73 (% of fatty acids) for t-18:1 to 0.05±0.02 for t/t-18:2. TFA subtypes were moderately to highly intercorrelated (r=0.4 to 0.8), except for t/t-18:2 which weakly correlated with all other TFAs (r<0.1). During 30,927 person-years, 364 DM cases occurred among participants with plasma phospholipid TFA measures. Adjusting for demographics, lifestyle factors, and medical history, lower DM risk was associated with higher levels of t-16:1n9 (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1 HR=0.76, p trend=0.03), total t-18:1 (HR=0.71, p trend=0.02) and t/t-18:2 (HR=0.73, p trend=0.04). However, further mutual adjustment for the different TFA subtypes attenuated these inverse associations, and none of the 5 circulating TFA biomarkers were independently related to incident DM (p trend≥0.14 for all). During 50,508 person-years in the dietary analyses, 453 DM cases occurred. Adjusting for demographics, lifestyle, medical history, and other dietary habits, increased DM risk was observed among participants with higher consumption of total TFA (Quartile 4 vs. Quartile 1 HR=1.40, p trend=0.04) and t-18:2 (HR=1.49, p trend=0.006), and t-18:1 consumption (HR=1.32, p trend=0.08), although the latter was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Plasma phospholipid TFA subtypes were not associated, whereas dietary total TFA and t-18:2 were positively associated, with incident DM among older adults. These findings highlight the need to understand how dietary TFA may influence DM and why associations may differ for circulating versus dietary TFAs.

scholarly journals Serum Individual Nonesterified Fatty Acids and Risk of Heart Failure in Older Adults

Cardiology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Luc Djousse ◽  
Mary L. Biggs ◽  
Nirupa R. Matthan ◽  
Joachim H. Ix ◽  
Annette L. Fitzpatrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Hormone Replacement ◽  
Health Study ◽  
Cardiovascular Health Study ◽  
Nonesterified Fatty Acids

Background: Heart failure (HF) is highly prevalent among older adults and is associated with high costs. Although serum total nonesterified fatty acids (NEFAs) have been positively associated with HF risk, the contribution of each individual NEFA to HF risk has not been examined. Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the association of individual fasting NEFAs with HF risk in older adults. Methods: In this prospective cohort study of older adults, we measured 35 individual NEFAs in 2,140 participants of the Cardiovascular Health Study using gas chromatography. HF was ascertained using review of medical records by an endpoint committee. Results: The mean age was 77.7 ± 4.4 years, and 38.8% were male. During a median follow-up of 9.7 (maximum 19.0) years, 655 new cases of HF occurred. In a multivariable Cox regression model controlling for demographic and anthropometric variables, field center, education, serum albumin, glomerular filtration rate, physical activity, alcohol consumption, smoking, hormone replacement therapy, unintentional weight loss, and all other measured NEFAs, we observed inverse associations (HR [95% CI] per standard deviation) of nonesterified pentadecanoic (15:0) (0.73 [0.57–0.94]), γ-linolenic acid (GLA) (0.87 [0.75–1.00]), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (0.73 [0.61–0.88]) acids with HF, and positive associations of nonesterified stearic (18:0) (1.30 [1.04–1.63]) and nervonic (24:1n-9) (1.17 [1.06–1.29]) acids with HF. Conclusion: Our data are consistent with a higher risk of HF with nonesterified stearic and nervonic acids and a lower risk with nonesterified 15:0, GLA, and DHA in older adults. If confirmed in other studies, specific NEFAs may provide new targets for HF prevention.

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