scholarly journals Longitudinal Analysis of Physical Performance, Functional Status, Physical Activity, and Mood in Relation to Executive Function in Older Adults Who Fall

2015 ◽  
Vol 63 (6) ◽  
pp. 1112-1120 ◽  
Author(s):  
John R. Best ◽  
Jennifer C. Davis ◽  
Teresa Liu-Ambrose
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Longitudinal Analysis ◽  
Performance Functional

scholarly journals Deducing the Impact of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Physical Performance on Cognitive Function in Healthy Older Adults

2022 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sina Gerten ◽  
Tobias Engeroff ◽  
Johannes Fleckenstein ◽  
Eszter Füzéki ◽  
Silke Matura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Peak Oxygen Uptake ◽  
Light Physical Activity ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
The Impact

Objectives: Participating in physical activity and maintaining physical performance as well as reducing sedentary behavior are discussed to be beneficially associated with cognitive function in older adults. The purpose of this cross-sectional analysis was to differentiate the relevance of objectively measured physical activity, physical performance, and sedentary behavior on cognitive function in healthy older adults (n = 56, age = 76 ± 7 yrs, gender = 30 female).Methods: Accelerometer based physical activity and sedentary behavior were analyzed as minutes per week spent sedentary and physically active with light or moderate to vigorous intensity. Participants' physical performance was assessed via cardiopulmonary exercise testing and analyzed as maximal workload and heart rate, heart rate reserve and peak oxygen uptake. The assessment of cognitive function included working memory, attention, executive function, and verbal memory. Data was analyzed with Spearman and partial correlations. Trial registration: NCT02343029.Results: Light physical activity was moderately associated with executive function (r = −0.339, p = 0.015). Attention was significantly associated with maximal workload (r = −0.286, p = 0.042) and peak oxygen uptake (r = −0.337, p = 0.015). Working memory was associated with maximal workload (r = 0.329, p = 0.017).Conclusion: Whereas a broad range of cognitive function were beneficially linked to physical performance, light intensity activities in particular showed an impact on executive function. Our research underlines the need to separate the impact of physical performance and physical activity on cognitive function and highlights the relevance of light physical activity.

scholarly journals The Nutritional Status of Long-Term Institutionalized Older Adults Is Associated with Functional Status, Physical Performance and Activity, and Frailty

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3716
Author(s):  
Itxaso Mugica-Errazquin ◽  
Idoia Zarrazquin ◽  
Jesús Seco-Calvo ◽  
Javier Gil-Goikouria ◽  
Ana Rodriguez-Larrad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model

Among older adults living in long-term nursing homes (LTNHs), maintaining an adequate functional status and independence is a challenge. Whilst a poor nutritional status is a potential risk factor for a decreased function in this population, its role is not fully understood. Here, using a transversal multicenter study of 105 older adults living in 13 LTNHs, we analyzed the associations between nutritional status, as measured by the Mini Nutritional Assessment (MNA), and the parameters of functional status, physical performance, physical activity, and frailty as well as comorbidity and body composition. The MNA scores were positively correlated with the Barthel Index, handgrip strength, Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB) scores, absolute muscle power, and Assessment of Physical Activity in Frail Older People (APAFOP) scores and were negatively correlated with dynamic balance and frailty. In a multiple linear regression model controlling for gender and age, the APAFOP score (β = 0.386), BMI (β = 0.301), and Barthel Index (β = 0.220) explained 31% of the variance in the MNA score. Given the observed close relationship between the MNA score and functional status, physical performance and activity, and frailty, interventions should jointly target improvements in both the nutritional status and functional status of LTNH residents. Strategies designed and implemented by interdisciplinary professional teams may be the most successful in improving these parameters to lead to better health and quality of life.

The Relations Between Physical Activity Level, Executive Function, and White Matter Microstructure in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Marissa A. Gogniat ◽  
Catherine M. Mewborn ◽  
Talia L. Robinson ◽  
Kharine R. Jean ◽  
L. Stephen Miller
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Executive Function ◽  
White Matter ◽  
Diffusion Tensor ◽  
Vigorous Physical Activity ◽  
Neuropsychological Testing ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Average Intensity ◽  
Age Related

The population of older adults is increasing, indicating a need to examine factors that may prevent or mitigate age-related cognitive decline. The current study examined whether microstructural white matter characteristics mediated the relation between physical activity and executive function in older adults without any self-reported psychiatric and neurological disorders or cognitive impairment (N = 43, mean age = 73 y). Physical activity was measured by average intensity and number of steps via accelerometry. Diffusion tensor imaging was used to examine microstructural white matter characteristics, and neuropsychological testing was used to examine executive functioning. Parallel mediation models were analyzed using microstructural white matter regions of interest as mediators of the association between physical activity and executive function. Results indicated that average steps was significantly related to executive function (β = 0.0003, t = 2.829, P = .007), while moderate to vigorous physical activity was not (β = 0.0007, t = 1.772, P = .08). White matter metrics did not mediate any associations. This suggests that microstructural white matter characteristics alone may not be the mechanism by which physical activity impacts executive function in aging.

scholarly journals A physical activity program versus usual care in the management of quality of life for pre-frail older adults with chronic pain in primary care: randomized controlled trial.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro Otones ◽  
Eva García ◽  
Teresa Sanz ◽  
Azucena Pedraz
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Frail Older Adults

Abstract Background Exercise have shown being effective for managing chronic pain and preventing frailty status in older adults but the effect of an exercise program in the quality of life of pre-frail older adults with chronic pain remains unclear. Our objective was to evaluate the effectiveness of multicomponent structured physical exercise program for pre-frail adults aged 65 years or more with chronic pain to improve their perceived health related quality of life, compared with usual care. Methods Open label randomized controlled trial. Participants were community-dwelling pre-frail older adults aged 65 years or older with chronic pain and non-dependent for basic activities of daily living attending a Primary Healthcare Centre. Forty-four participants were randomly allocated to a control group (n = 20) that received usual care or an intervention group (n = 24) that received an 8-week physical activity and education program. Frailty status (SHARE Frailty Index), quality of life (EuroQol-5D-5L), pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale), physical performance (Short Physical Performance Battery) and depression (Yessavage) were assessed at baseline, after the intervention and after 3 months follow-up. The effect of the intervention was analysed by mean differences between the intervention and control groups. Results The follow-up period (3 months) was completed by 32 patients (73%), 17 in the control group and 15 in the intervention group. Most participants were women (78.1%) with a mean age (standard deviation) of 77.2 (5.9) years and a mean pain intensity of 48.1 (24.4) mm. No relevant differences were found between groups at baseline. After the intervention, mean differences in the EuroQol Index Value between control and intervention groups were significant (-0.19 95%CI(-0.33- -0.04)) and remained after three months follow-up (-0.21 95%CI(-0.37- -0.05)). Participants in the exercise group showed better results in pain intensity and frailty after the intervention, and an improvement in physical performance after the intervention and after three months. Conclusions An eight-week physical activity and education program for pre-frail older adults with chronic pain, compared with usual care, could be effective to improve quality of life after the intervention and after three-months follow-up. Study registration details: This study was retrospectively registered in ClinicalTrials.gov with the identifier NCT04045535.

Abstract P270: The Association between Physical Performance Characteristics and Independence in Activities of Daily Living in Middle-aged and Elderly Men

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjolein E den Ouden ◽  
Marieke J Schuurmans ◽  
Ilse E Arts ◽  
Yvonne T van der Schouw
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Performance Characteristics ◽  
Lower Extremity Function ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Leg Strength ◽  
Study Population

Introduction: The functional status at one moment in time is a strong determinant of future functional status and survival in older persons. Physical functioning is an important component of functional status. Physical deterioration tends to occur early in the disabling process and is therefore suitable to interventions. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of physical performance characteristics (muscle capacity, lung function, physical performance score and physical activity) and functioning independently in middle aged and elderly men. Methods: In a cross-sectional study 400 independently living men aged 40-80 were included. Preservation of function was measured using the Stanford Health Assessment Questionnaire. Physical characteristics were grip strength and leg strength by dynamometer, lung function by peak flow, lower extremity function by Guralniks physical performance score and physical activity by Voorrips questionnaire. Logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the association between potential determinants and the dichotomized HAQ-score, adjusting for confounders. Results: After adjustment for confounders, higher walking speed (OR=2.96, [95% CI 1.31; 6.72]) and shorter time to perform the chair stand test (OR=0.84, [95% CI 0.76; 0.94]) were associated with a higher probability of being independent in activities of daily living (ADL). Borderline significant associations were found for higher lung function and higher leg strength with a higher probability of being independent in ADL. No associations were found for grip strength and physical activity. Discussion and conclusion: The results are in line with previous studies, except for the associations between grip strength and physical activity with ADL independency. Longitudinal studies showed associations between grip strength and the probability of being independent in ADL. These results might indicate that whereas grip strength at a particular moment is not a determinant of ADL independency, change in grip strength over several years is. In addition, grip strength changes little until the 6 th decade but then decreases 1.0% to 1.5% per year from 50 to 70 years. The (relatively young) age of our study population could explain why we did not find an association. The mean total score on the Voorrips questionnaire was much higher compared to previous studies and very low scores of physical activity did not occur, indicating that our study population was relatively active. In the present study, lower body function and peak flow were associated with a higher probability of being independent in ADL. Future research should focus on the relation of physical performance characteristics and living independently using a longitudinal design for better insight in the direction of the associations. It seems that even at a younger age lower extremity function is associated with living independently.

scholarly journals Physical performance and activity among older adults visiting primary healthcare centres in Riyadh

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (9) ◽  
pp. 030006052095689
Author(s):  
Saad M. Bindawas ◽  
Vishal Vennu ◽  
Ayidh M. Alqarni ◽  
Tariq A. Abdulrahman
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Gender Differences ◽  
Physical Performance ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Activities

Objective To assess physical performance (PP) and physical activity (PA) among older adults visiting primary healthcare centres (PHCCs) in Riyadh. Methods In this cross-sectional study, men and women (n = 74) aged ≥60 years were recruited from five PHCCs across Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, between 19 February and 6 August 2017. The Timed Up & Go test was used to assess PP. Self-reported PA was assessed using the Physical Activity Scale for the Elderly. Means and standard deviations were used to describe PP and PA scores across genders. A two-tailed independent samples t-test was used to estimate mean differences (MD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) between genders. Results Men scored significantly lower than women on PP (MD: 2.11, 95% CI: 0.59 to 3.64) and PA (MD: −46.1, 95% CI: −80.96 to −11.25). Significant gender differences were observed for leisure time activities (MD: 17.35, 95% CI: 3.29 to 31.40), light household activities (MD: –10.86, 95% CI: –16.19 to –5.53) and heavy household activities (MD: –6.48, 95% CI: –11.73 to –1.23). Conclusions Men show significantly lower PP and PA than women. There are gender differences in leisure time activities and in light and heavy household activities.

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