Diversity of antibiotic‐resistant Shiga toxin‐producing Escherichia coli serogroups in foodstuffs of animal origin in northern India

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Javed A. Khan ◽  
Ram S. Rathore ◽  
Hussein H. Abulreesh ◽  
Abdullah S. Al‐thubiani ◽  
Shaheen Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Northern India

Prevalence of shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157, O26 and O111 in milk, meat and faeces of cattle, sheep and pigs slaughtered in Benin

2020 ◽  
Vol 152 ◽  
pp. 15667-15675
Author(s):  
Chakirath Folakè Arikè Salifou ◽  
Cyrille Boko ◽  
Isidore Houaga ◽  
Raoul Agossa ◽  
Isabelle Ogbankotan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Cattle Faeces ◽  
Risk Assessment And Management

Objectives: The study aimed to search for E. coli O157 and non-O157 in milk, meat and faeces of cattle, sheep and pigs slaughtered in Cotonou. Methodology and Results: One hundred and Seventy-Five (175) samples including 25 meat, 25 faeces per species and 25 milk from cattle were analysed for E. coli O157; O26 and O111 and the virulence genes were identified by PCR. The SAS software (1998) and the bilateral Z test were used to calculate and compare the identification frequencies. E. coli O157 was identified in 4% of cattle faeces, 4% of sheep faeces, and 20% of beef and, in 20% of milk samples. E. coli O26 was identified in 12% of cattle faeces and, in 8% of beef samples. E. coli O111 was identified at frequencies of 8%, and 12% in faeces of sheep and pigs, respectively. The eae gene was detected in 4% of beef, ovine meat, milk, pig faeces and in sheep faeces. stx1 was detected in 8% of milk, and in 4% of bovine and sheep faeces. The strains possessing the gene were all of E. coli O157 with the exception of one from pig faeces identified as O111. Conclusions and application of findings: The presence of these serogroups of E. coli with virulence genes poses a real food safety problem in Benin. This study findings must be taken into account for risk assessment and management related to the consumption of food of animal origin. Keywords: Benin, E. coli O157, O26, O111, faeces, meat, milk

scholarly journals Occurrence of virulent and antibiotic-resistant Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in some food products and human stool in Egypt

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1233-1240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Osman Mohamed Hamed ◽  
Maha Ahmed Sabry ◽  
Nawal A. Hassanain ◽  
Eman Hamza ◽  
Ahmed G. Hegazi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Human Stool

scholarly journals Genotypic and Phenotypic Diversity among Induced, stx2-Carrying Bacteriophages from Environmental Escherichia coli Strains

2008 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 329-336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristina García-Aljaro ◽  
Maite Muniesa ◽  
Juan Jofre ◽  
Anicet R. Blanch
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Phenotypic Diversity ◽  
Morphological Diversity ◽  
Lytic Cycle ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Bacterial Populations ◽  
Shiga Toxin 2 ◽  
Different Strains ◽  
High Level

ABSTRACT Shiga toxin 2 (stx 2) gene-carrying bacteriophages have been shown to convert Escherichia coli strains to Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). In this study, 79 E. coli strains belonging to 35 serotypes isolated from wastewaters of both human and animal origin were examined for the presence of stx2 -carrying bacteriophages in their genomes. The lytic cycle of the bacteriophages was induced by mitomycin, and the bacteriophage fraction was isolated and used for morphological and genetic characterization. The induced bacteriophages showed morphological diversity, as well as restriction fragment length polymorphism variation, in the different strains belonging to different serotypes. The ability to infect new hosts was highly variable, although most of the induced phages infected Shigella sonnei host strain 866. In summary, in spite of carrying either the same or different stx 2 variants and in spite of the fact that they were isolated from strains belonging to the same or different serotypes, the induced bacteriophages were highly variable. The high level of diversity and the great infectious capacity of these phages could enhance the spread of the stx 2 gene and variants of this gene among different bacterial populations in environments to which humans may be exposed.

scholarly journals The prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in domestic animals and food in Serbia

2004 ◽  
Vol 133 (2) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. ČOBELJIĆ ◽  
B. DIMIĆ ◽  
D. OPAČIĆ ◽  
Z. LEPšANOVIĆ ◽  
V. STOJANOVIĆ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Domestic Animals ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Phenotypic Profile ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Profile Characteristic ◽  
Low Incidence

Faecal samples of 2660 domestic animals from 116 farms and 956 samples of food were examined for the presence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC). STEC was recovered from 126 (15·3%) cattle, 135 (11·3%) pigs, 135 (66·8%) sheep, 31 (73·8%) goats, 4 (1%) chicken, and 15 (1·6%) food samples. Of all STEC isolates, 21·5, 25·8 and 15% produced enterohaemolysin, α-haemolysin, and aerobactin respectively, 1·6% displayed localized adherence (LA) to HEp-2 cells, 27·6% were sorbitol negative, and 30% were resistant to antibiotics. Only 14 (3·1%) of the STEC isolates belonged to human infection-associated serogroups (O26, O55, O111, O128 and O157), designated as enterohaemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC). This study revealed that STEC are prevalent in domestic animals, and to a lesser extent in food of animal origin in Serbia, but the absence of a EHEC phenotypic profile (characteristic serogroup, LA, enterohaemolysin production) in most animal STEC strains may explain the low incidence of human STEC infection in this part of the world.

scholarly journals Isolation of Shiga toxin-producing strains of Escherichia coli from beef and swine carcasses and the characterization of their genes

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-780 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. М. Berhilevych ◽  
V. V. Kasianchuk ◽  
O. M. Deriabin ◽  
M. D. Kukhtyn
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Food Of Animal Origin ◽  
Beef Carcasses ◽  
Positive Isolate ◽  
Stx1 Gene ◽  
Beef Carcass

Escherichia coli is part of the normal microflora of the intestinal tract of humans and warm-blooded animals, but its presence in raw material and food of animal origin is considered as fecal contamination and can be very dangerous for consumers. The determination of the number of E. coli in raw material and food is important because among them can be pathogenic strains. The most dangerous strains are considered enterohemorrhagic E. coli as a causative agent of severe bloody diarrhea and hemorrhagic uremic syndrome in humans through the production of Shiga-toxin, which is the main virulence factor, responsible for disease. The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing strains of E. coli (STEC) from swabs of beef and swine carcass in slaughterhouses in Ukraine and characterize their genes, which are responsible for pathogenic properties. A total of 230 samples of swabs from beef (130) and swine (100) carcasses were obtained from 5 slaughterhouses in Ukraine between 2012 and 2015. Samples of swabs from carcasses were randomly selected at the final point of the process after the final washing of the carcass from the following areas: distal hind limb, abdomen (lateral and medial) from swine carcasses, brisket, flank and flank groin areas from beef carcasses. All samples were examined by culture-dependent method, after that each positive isolate of STEC was analyzed by multiplex PCR to detect the stx1, stx2, and eae genes. Out of 230 collected samples, seven (7.2%) were contaminated with STEC. The highest prevalence of STEC was found in swabs from beef carcasses (8.1%) in comparison to swabs from swine carcasses (5.7%). The stx1 gene was the predominant gene detected in all STEC positive samples. The eae gene was found in one of the examined isolates from beef carcass. Three isolates from swabs of beef carcass carried both stx1 and stx2 genes, one isolate showed association between stx1 and eae genes, one isolate was positive for stx1 gene only. In swabs from swine carcasses (2 isolates) stx1 and stx2 genes were presented simultaneously. The results of this study suggested that fresh raw meat could be a potential vehicle for transmission of the Shiga toxin-producing strain of E. coli to humans. This is the first report of STEC prevalence in beef and swine carcasses in Ukraine and these data will be valuable for microbiological risk assessment and help the appropriate services to develop strategies to mitigate health risk.

Detection of Virulence-Associated Genes in Escherichia coli O157 and Non-O157 Isolates from Beef Cattle, Humans, and Chickens

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (9) ◽  
pp. 1774-1784 ◽  
Author(s):  
BRIGITTE LEFEBVRE ◽  
MOUSSA S. DIARRA ◽  
HÉLÈNE MOISAN ◽  
FRANÇOIS MALOUIN
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Broiler Chickens ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Pathogenic Potential ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Type 3 Secretion System ◽  
Type 3

Food-producing animals can be reservoirs of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains that can induce diseases in animals or humans. Contamination of food by E. coli O157:H7 raises immediate concerns about public health, although it is not clear whether all E. coli O157 isolates of animal origin are equally harmful to humans. Inversely, the pathogenic potential of atypical E. coli O157 isolates and several non-O157 serotypes often is ignored. We used a DNA microarray capable of detecting a subset of 346 genes to compare the virulence-associated genes present in eight E. coli O157 isolates from human cases, 14 antibiotic-resistant and/or hypermutable E. coli O157 isolates from beef cattle, and four antibiotic-resistant, sorbitol-negative, non-O157 E. coli isolates from healthy broiler chickens. Hybridization on arrays (HOA) revealed that O157 isolates from beef cattle and humans were genetically distinct, although they possessed most of the same subset of virulence genes. HOA allowed discrimination between hypermutable and antibiotic-resistant O157 isolates from beef cattle based on hybridization results for the stx2 and ycgG genes (hypermutable) or ymfL, stx1, stx2, and hlyEavian genes (resistant). However, the absence of hybridization to gene yfdR characterized human isolates. HOA also revealed that an atypical sorbitol-fermenting bovine O157 isolate lacked some genes of the type 3 secretion system, plasmid pO157, and the stx1 and stx2 genes. This isolate had a particular pathotype (eaeAβ tirα espAα espBα espDα) not found in typical E. coli O157:H7. HOA revealed that some non-O157 E. coli isolates from healthy chickens carried genes responsible for salmochelin- and yersiniabactin-mediated iron uptake generally associated with pathogenic strains.

scholarly journals Detection of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Shiga toxin 2a gene in pork, pig feces, and clean water at Jagalan slaughterhouse in Surakarta, Central Java Province, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1584-1590
Author(s):  
Maria Kristiani Epi Goma ◽  
Alvita Indraswari ◽  
Aris Haryanto ◽  
Dyah Ayu Widiasih
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Food Safety ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Animal Origin ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pork Samples

Background and Aim: The feasibility assessment of food products on the market becomes one of the milestones of food safety. The quality of food safety of animal origin especially pork need to get attention and more real action from the parties related and concerned. Since pork is also a source of transmission for the contagion of foodborne disease so that the study of the existence of several agents in the pork and its products become the benchmark of safety level. This study aimed to isolate, identify, and detect the Shiga toxin 2a (stx2a) gene from Escherichia coli O157:H7 in pork, pig feces, and clean water in the Jagalan slaughterhouse. Materials and Methods: A total of 70 samples consisting of 32 pork samples, 32 pig fecal samples, and 6 clean water samples were used to isolate and identify E. coli O157:H7 and the stx2a gene. Isolation and identification of E. coli O157:H7 were performed using culture on eosin methylene blue agar and Sorbitol-MacConkey agar media and confirmed molecularly with polymerase chain reaction to amplify the target genes rfbE (317 bp) and fliC (381 bp). The isolates, which were identified as E. coli O157:H7, were investigated for the stx2a gene (553 bp). Results: The results of this study show that of the total collected samples, E. coli O157:H7 was 28.6% in Jagalan slaughterhouse and consisted of 25% of pork samples, 31.25% of pig fecal samples, and 33.3% of clean water samples. The isolates that were identified to be E. coli O157:H7 mostly contained the stx2a gene, which was equal to 75%, and consisted of seven isolates from pork samples, seven isolates from fecal samples, and one isolate from clean water samples. Conclusion: E. coli O157:H7 was found in 28.6% of pork, pig feces, and clean water in Jagalan slaughterhouse and 75% of identified E. coli O157:H7 contained the stx2a gene.

scholarly journals Survey of the contamination of foodstuffs of animal origin by Shiga toxin producing Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 in Belgium from 1999 to 2003

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A Chahed ◽  
Y Ghafir ◽  
B China ◽  
K Dierick ◽  
L De Zutter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Animal Origin

A survey of the prevalence of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) of O157 serotype in foodstuffs of animal origin (beef, veal, pork, chicken, fish) from 1999 to 2003 in Belgium was performed. STEC strains were only isolated from beef with a prevalence of 0.73%. This percentage is low in comparison with the prevalence in other countries. Among the 76 isolated STEC O157 strains, 75% belonged to the serotype O157:H7 and 25% to the serotype O157 non H7. Moreover, the most frequent pathotype was eae stx2 ehxA (74%).

scholarly journals Prevalence of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 and Non-O157 Serogroups Isolated from Fresh Raw Beef Meat Samples in an Industrial Slaughterhouse

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Kiandokht Babolhavaeji ◽  
Leili Shokoohizadeh ◽  
Morteza Yavari ◽  
Abbas Moradi ◽  
Mohammad Yousef Alikhani
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Shiga Toxin ◽  
Genetic Linkage ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Disk Diffusion Method ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Beef Meat ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Meat Samples

Background. The aims of the current study are the identification of O157 and non-O157 Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli (STEC) serogroups isolated from fresh raw beef meat samples in an industrial slaughterhouse, determination of antimicrobial resistance patterns, and genetic linkage of STEC isolates. Materials and Methods. A total of 110 beef samples were collected from the depth of the rump of cattle slaughtered at Hamadan industrial slaughterhouse. After detection of E. coli isolates, STEC strains were identified according to PCR for stx1, stx2, eaeA, and hlyA virulence genes, and STEC serogroups (O157 and non-O157) were identified by PCR. The genetic linkage of STEC isolates was analyzed by the ERIC- (Enterobacterial Repetitive Intergenic Consensus-) PCR method. The antimicrobial susceptibility of STEC isolates was detected by the disk diffusion method according to CLSI guidelines. Results. Among 110 collected beef samples, 77 (70%) were positive for E. coli. The prevalence of STEC in E. coli isolates was 8 (10.4%). The overall prevalence of O157 and non-O157 STEC isolates was 12.5% (one isolate) and 87.5% (7 isolates), respectively. The hemolysin gene was detected in 25% (2 isolates) of STEC strains. Evaluation of antibiotic resistance indicated that 100% of STEC isolates were resistant to ampicillin, ampicillin-sulbactam, amoxicillin-clavulanic acid, and cefazolin. Resistance to tetracycline and ciprofloxacin was detected in 62.5% and 12.5% of isolates, respectively. The analysis of the ERIC-PCR results showed five different ERIC types among the STEC isolates. Conclusion. The isolation of different clones STECs from beef and the presence of antibiotic-resistant isolates indicate that more attention should be paid to the hygiene of slaughterhouses.

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