scholarly journals Transposing flood risk from extreme rainfall events: A case study of Hurricane Harvey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Regier ◽  
Joseph Naughton ◽  
Walter McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Flood Risk ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events

scholarly journals Hydraulic characteristics of stepped spillway dropshafts for urban deep tunnel drainage systems: the case study of Chengdu city

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 1538-1548
Author(s):  
Lei Liao ◽  
Ruidong An ◽  
Jia Li ◽  
Wenmin Yi ◽  
Xiaofan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Stepped Spillway ◽  
Urban Drainage ◽  
Deep Tunnel ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Fluctuating Pressure ◽  
Air Explosion

Abstract Cities in southwestern China experience urban drainage and overflow pollution after extreme rainfall events, which are major problems. In this study, a type of stepped spillway dropshaft suitable for drainage by deep tunnels in Chengdu was proposed and the hydraulic characteristics were investigated experimentally. The results showed that the nappe flow and strong turbulent deflected jet flow in the stepped spillway allowed the dropshaft to greatly dissipate energy. According to the distribution of the time-averaged pressure on the steps, the flow on the steps could be divided into a recirculating region, a wall-impinging region and a mixing region. The time-averaged pressure on the outside of the step was higher than that on the inside due to the centrifugal force effect of the water. The fluctuating pressure distribution of the step approximated the normal distribution. It was acceptable to calculate the minimum pressure with 3 times the root mean square (RMS). The vibration of the flow on the stepped spillway did not resonate with the step. When the outflow tunnel was under submerged outflow conditions, the aeration in the stepped spillway was exhausted through air holes and only a small amount of air entered the outflow tunnel, thereby avoiding an air explosion.

scholarly journals Numerical simulation of runoff from extreme rainfall events in a mountain water catchment

2002 ◽  
Vol 2 (1/2) ◽  
pp. 109-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Burguete ◽  
P. García-Navarro ◽  
R. Aliod
Keyword(s):  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Flood Mitigation ◽  
Mitigation Measures ◽  
Rainfall Runoff ◽  
Shallow Water Flow ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Small Reservoir ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Water Catchment

Abstract. A numerical model for unsteady shallow water flow over initially dry areas is applied to a case study in a small drainage area at the Spanish Ebro River basin. Several flood mitigation measures (reforestation, construction of a small reservoir and channelization) are simulated in the model in order to compare different extreme rainfall-runoff scenarios.

scholarly journals The Diurnal Cycle of Warm Season Rainfall over West Africa. Part I: Observational Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (23) ◽  
pp. 8423-8437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gang Zhang ◽  
Kerry H. Cook ◽  
Edward K. Vizy
Keyword(s):  
West Africa ◽  
Diurnal Cycle ◽  
Warm Season ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Extreme Rainfall Events ◽  
Rainfall Events ◽  
Two Peaks

Abstract This study provides an improved understanding of the diurnal cycle of warm season (June–September) rainfall over West Africa, including its underlying physical processes. Rainfall from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission and atmospheric dynamics fields from reanalyses are used to evaluate the 1998–2013 climatology and a case study for 2006. In both the climatology and the 2006 case study, most regions of West Africa are shown to have a single diurnal peak of rainfall either in the afternoon or at night. Averaging over West Africa produces a diurnal cycle with two peaks, but this type of diurnal cycle is quite atypical on smaller space scales. Rainfall systems are usually generated in the afternoon and propagate westward, lasting into the night. Afternoon rainfall peaks are associated with an unstable lower troposphere. They occur either over topography or in regions undisturbed by nocturnal systems, allowing locally generated instability to dominate. Nocturnal rainfall peaks are associated with the westward propagation of rainfall systems and not generally with local instability. Nocturnal rainfall peaks occur most frequently about 3°–10° of longitude downstream of regions with afternoon rainfall peaks. The diurnal cycle of rainfall is closely associated with the timing of extreme rainfall events.

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