scholarly journals A standardised inventory for New Zealand's stopbank (levee) network and its application for natural hazard exposure assessments

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaley Crawford‐Flett ◽  
Daniel M. Blake ◽  
Eduardo Pascoal ◽  
Matthew Wilson ◽  
Liam Wotherspoon
Keyword(s):  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Hazard Exposure

Natural Hazard and Risk Management for South American Pipelines

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Porter ◽  
K. Wayne Savigny
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Volcanic Eruption ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Standard Of Care ◽  
Hazard Identification ◽  
South American ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Hazard And Risk ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Design And Construction

Hazard identification and rating involve the first two of a four-phase natural hazard and risk management (NHRM) system that is being developed to manage natural hazards along linear facilities. In Canada, completing these first two phases is generally straightforward. Baseline data including air photos, geology and topographic maps are readily available; the number and types of hazard exposure are often limited for any given facility; and, the standard of care expected during design and construction is understood and practiced. The NHRM methodology is also being applied on South American pipelines. Greater flexibility is required in obtaining necessary input data. Helicopter and vehicle access are often more limited, and greater reliance must be placed on airphoto interpretation and literature review. Processes of rating hazard exposure are needed for less familiar hazard types, including tsunami, volcanic eruption, and tectonic ground rupture. South American construction and design practices must be accounted for in the rating methodology. Using examples from recently constructed trans Andean pipelines, this paper outlines application of the NHRM system to linear facilities located in areas of diverse hazard exposure and less stringent design and construction practices. Under the broad headings of ‘geotechnical’ and ‘hydrotechnical’ hazards, a methodology for rating eleven different hazard types is outlined. On the geotechnical side, these include tsunami, volcanic eruption, tectonic ground rupture, landslides and debris flows originating off-rights-of-way, and mass movements originating on rights-of-way. Hydrotechnical hazards include scour, degradation, bank erosion, encroachment, and channel abandonment/avulsion.

Non-Governmental Organizations and Natural Hazard Governance in Asia and the Pacific

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Allison Rowlands ◽  
Benjamin Wisner
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Nongovernmental Organizations ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Strong State ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Pacific

International nongovernmental organizations (INGOs), national nongovernmental organizations (NNGOs), as well as faith-based and community-based organizations play a vital role in natural hazard governance in Asia and the Pacific. One immediately thinks of humanitarian response, and, indeed, these organizations can and do play a role; however, as some Asian nations in particular have developed strong state institutions and have grown in their worldwide and regional economic and political status, civil society’s role has diversified. Among the other functions the nongovernmental sector plays in the mobilization of local people and advocacy for or against policies, it is involved in investment decisions as well as acts as a watchdog regarding the status of human rights in relation to natural hazard exposure and recovery and transparency in the use of disaster risk reduction and recovery funds. This diverse collection of nongovernmental institutions also has a role in knowledge production and access and innovates programs that showcase how governments might break down silos and put action behind the rhetoric of taking an intersectoral, multihazard, integrated approach that combines risk reduction, climate change adaptation (CCA), and livelihood enhancement. Indeed, nongovernmental actors also push for societal transformation as they work on issues of discrimination, inequity, electoral transparency, and human rights. These issues are among the root causes of the structural vulnerability of some groups in society to natural hazards. While governments in the region sometimes welcome these supplementary and complementary roles by INGOs and NNGOs, they are also a source of government–nongovernmental tension that has to be negotiated.

Variance in Natural Hazard Risk Perception in Coastal Areas

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 21-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyungjun Park ◽  
Gyoungjun Ha ◽  
Dalbyul Lee ◽  
Juchul Jung
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Natural Hazard ◽  
Coastal Areas ◽  
Hazard Risk

scholarly journals Segment-Based Approach for Assessing Hazard Risk of Coastal Highways in Hawai‘i

2019 ◽  
Vol 2673 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harrison Togia ◽  
Oceana P. Francis ◽  
Karl Kim ◽  
Guohui Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Regional Environment ◽  
The Road ◽  
Hazard Exposure ◽  
Multiple Indicators ◽  
System Data ◽  
Rural Highway ◽  
Geographic Information System Data

Hazards to roadways and travelers can be drastically different because hazards are largely dependent on the regional environment and climate. This paper describes the development of a qualitative method for assessing infrastructure importance and hazard exposure for rural highway segments in Hawai‘i under different conditions. Multiple indicators of roadway importance are considered, including traffic volume, population served, accessibility, connectivity, reliability, land use, and roadway connection to critical infrastructures, such as hospitals and police stations. The method of evaluating roadway hazards and importance can be tailored to fit different regional hazard scenarios. It assimilates data from diverse sources to estimate risks of disruption. A case study for Highway HI83 in Hawai‘i, which is exposed to multiple hazards, is conducted. Weakening of the road by coastal erosion, inundation from sea level rise, and rockfall hazards require adaptation solutions. By analyzing the risk of disruption to highway segments, adaptation approaches can be prioritized. Using readily available geographic information system data sets for the exposure and impacts of potential hazards, this method could be adapted not only for emergency management but also for planning, design, and engineering of resilient highways.

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