Advantages of liquid nitrogen freezing in long‐term frozen preservation of hairtail ( Trichiurus haumela ): Enzyme activity, protein structure, and tissue structure

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lingping Hu ◽  
Yubin Ying ◽  
Hongwei Zhang ◽  
Jialin Liu ◽  
Xin Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Protein Structure ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Tissue Structure

Evaluation of long-term frozen storage of plasma for measurement of high-density lipoprotein and its subfractions by precipitation

1990 ◽  
Vol 36 (5) ◽  
pp. 783-788 ◽  
Author(s):  
M N Nanjee ◽  
N E Miller
Keyword(s):  
High Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Frozen Storage ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
High Density ◽  
Long Term Stability ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Edta Plasma

Abstract The concentration of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in plasma is now established as an independent risk factor for coronary heart disease, but more data are needed on the relative risk-predictive powers of different HDL subclasses. For epidemiologic and clinical purposes, isolation of HDL from other lipoproteins and separation of its two major subclasses, HDL2 and HDL3, are performed most conveniently by precipitation. Although storage of plasma is commonly necessary, little information is available on the long-term stability of HDL subclasses at different temperatures. Therefore, we quantified HDL-C, HDL2-C, and HDL3-C by dual precipitation with heparin-MnCl2/15-kDa dextran sulfate (H-M/DS) in samples of EDTA-plasma from 93 healthy subjects, after storage for one to 433 days at -20 degrees C, at -70 degrees C, or in liquid nitrogen (-196 degrees C). Fourteen samples (15%) were stored for a year or longer. At -20 degrees C, HDL-C decreased by 4.8% per year and HDL3-C decreased by 6.9% per year (P = 0.002 for both variables) relative to results obtained with samples stored in liquid nitrogen; total cholesterol, HDL2-C, and triglyceride did not change significantly at this temperature. When stored at -70 degrees C, none of the lipids showed any change relative to results obtained with liquid nitrogen. Thus, long-term storage of EDTA-plasma at -20 degrees C is unsuitable for subsequent quantification of HDL-C and its subclasses by H-M/DS dual precipitation. Storage at -70 degrees C is preferable, and is as reliable as storage in liquid nitrogen.

scholarly journals Treatment of the Fluoroquinolone-Associated Disability: The Pathobiochemical Implications

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Michalak ◽  
Aleksandra Sobolewska-Włodarczyk ◽  
Marcin Włodarczyk ◽  
Justyna Sobolewska ◽  
Piotr Woźniak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Gene Expression ◽  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Effective Treatment ◽  
Social Problem ◽  
Fenton Reaction ◽  
Current Paper ◽  
Bivalent Cations

Long-term fluoroquinolone-associated disability (FQAD) after fluoroquinolone (FQ) antibiotic therapy appears in recent years as a significant medical and social problem, because patients suffer for many years after prescribed antimicrobial FQ treatment from tiredness, concentration problems, neuropathies, tendinopathies, and other symptoms. The knowledge about the molecular activity of FQs in the cells remains unclear in many details. The effective treatment of this chronic state remains difficult and not effective. The current paper reviews the pathobiochemical properties of FQs, hints the directions for further research, and reviews the research concerning the proposed treatment of patients. Based on the analysis of literature, the main directions of possible effective treatment of FQAD are proposed: (a) reduction of the oxidative stress, (b) restoring reduced mitochondrion potential ΔΨm, (c) supplementation of uni- and bivalent cations that are chelated by FQs and probably ineffectively transported to the cell (caution must be paid to Fe and Cu because they may generate Fenton reaction), (d) stimulating the mitochondrial proliferation, (e) removing FQs permanently accumulated in the cells (if this phenomenon takes place), and (f) regulating the disturbed gene expression and enzyme activity.

scholarly journals Cryopreservation in Coffea canephora Pierre seeds: Slow and fast cooling

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 588-597
Author(s):  
Stefânia Vilas Boas Coelho ◽  
Sttela Dellyzete Veiga Franco da Rosa ◽  
Tatiana Botelho Fantazzini ◽  
Júlia Lima Baute ◽  
Luciano Coutinho Silva
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Liquid Nitrogen ◽  
Coffea Canephora ◽  
Slow Cooling ◽  
Rapid Cooling ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Fast Cooling

ABSTRACT Coffee is one of the main agricultural commodities in the country, and it is important to conservation of plant material for breeding programs. Cryopreservation is a promising alternative for preserving in the long-term the germplasm of species considered recalcitrant. However, studies should be performed to achieve maximum survival of seedlings after immersion in liquid nitrogen. The objective of this work was to find a cryopreservation protocol for storing seeds of Coffea canephora, studying two methods of cryopreservation, slow and fast cooling. Seeds were subjected to drying in silica gel up to the water content of 0.25 g g-1. In the first experiment, dried seeds were subjected to treatments of slow cooling at speeds of -1 ºC min-1,-3 ºC min-1 and -5 ºC min-1 until the end temperatures of -40 ºC, -50 ºC and -60 ºC, by means of a bio freezer and subsequently immersed in liquid nitrogen. In the second experiment, the best result was selected of the first experiment and compared with the rapid cooling, in which dried seeds, with 0.25 g g-1 of water content, were immersed directly into liquid nitrogen. Physiological and biochemical alterations occurring in the seeds after cryopreservation were evaluated. Coffea canephora seeds respond better to cryopreservation by rapid cooling, when compared to slow cooling. Drying, one of the cryopreservation steps does not affect the viability of Coffea canephora Pierre seeds, when these seeds are dried to 0.25 g g-1 of water content. Catalase and esterase enzymes are good biochemical markers for cryopreserved coffee seeds and their activity is greater in larger seed physiological quality.

Repair and recovery mechanisms following critical illness

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey Bellingan ◽  
Brijesh V. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Critical Illness ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Inflammatory Responses ◽  
Tissue Injury ◽  
Structure And Function ◽  
Tissue Structure ◽  
Inflammatory Activation ◽  
Recovery Mechanisms ◽  
And Function

Inflammation is the beneficial host response to foreign challenge or tissue injury that ultimately leads to the restoration of tissue structure and function. Critical illness is associated with an overwhelming and prolonged inflammatory activation. Resolution of the inflammatory response is an active process that requires removal of the inciting stimuli, cessation of the pro-inflammatory response, a timely coordinated removal of tissue leukocyte infiltration, a conversion from ‘toxic’ to reparative tissue environment, and restoration of normal tissue structure and function. Mortality may result from deficits in these resolution mechanisms. Improved delivery of critical care through prevention of harm and removal of stimuli has already delivered significant mortality benefits. Most critically-ill patients present with uncontrolled inflammation, hence anti-inflammatory strategies ameliorating this response are likely to be too late and thus futile. Rather, strategies augmenting endogenous pathways involved in the control and appropriate curtailment of such inflammatory responses may promote resolution, repair, and catabasis. Recent evidence showing that inflammation does not simply ‘fizzle out’, but its resolution involves an active and coordinated series of events. Dysfunction of these resolution checkpoints alters the normal inflammatory pathway, and is implicated in the induction and maintenance of states such as ARDS and sepsis. Improved understanding of resolution biology should provide translational pathways to not only improve survival, but also to prevent long-term morbidity resulting from tissue damage.

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