Immersion challenge of naïve Atlantic salmon with cultured Nolandella sp. and Pseudoparamoeba sp. did not increase the severity of Neoparamoeba perurans ‐induced amoebic gill disease (AGD)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chloe J. English ◽  
Natasha A. Botwright ◽  
Mark B. Adams ◽  
Andrew C. Barnes ◽  
James W. Wynne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Gill Disease

Transcriptome profiling the gills of amoebic gill disease (AGD)-affected Atlantic salmon (Salmo salarL.): a role for tumor suppressor p53 in AGD pathogenesis?

2006 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard N. Morrison ◽  
Glenn A. Cooper ◽  
Ben F. Koop ◽  
Matthew L. Rise ◽  
Andrew R. Bridle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Suppressor ◽  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Gill Tissue ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Global Gene Expression ◽  
Nuclear Antigen ◽  
Independent Experiment ◽  
Gill Disease ◽  
P53 Tumor Suppressor Protein ◽  
Microarray Analyses

Neoparamoeba spp. are amphizoic amoebae with the capacity to colonize the gills of some marine fish, causing AGD. Here, the gill tissue transcriptome response of Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.) to AGD is described. Tanks housing Atlantic salmon were inoculated with Neoparamoeba spp. and fish sampled at time points up to 8 days postinoculation (pi.). Gill tissues were taken from AGD-affected fish, and a DNA microarray was used to compare global gene expression against tissues from AGD-unaffected fish. A total of 206 genes, representing 190 unique transcripts, were reproducibly identified as up- or downregulated in response to Neoparamoeba spp. infection. Informative transcripts having GO biological process identifiers were grouped according to function. Although a number of genes were placed into each category, no distinct patterns were observed. One Atlantic salmon cDNA that was upregulated in infected gill relative to noninfected gill at 114 and 189 h pi. showed significant identity with the Xenopus, mouse, and human anterior gradient-2 (AG-2) homologs. Two Atlantic salmon AG-2 mRNA transcripts, designated asAG-2/1 and asAG-2/2, were cloned, sequenced, and shown to be predominantly expressed in the gill, intestine, and brain of a healthy fish. In AGD-affected fish, differential asAG-2 expression was confirmed in samples used for microarray analyses as well as in AGD-affected gill tissue taken from fish in an independent experiment. The asAG-2 upregulation was restricted to AGD lesions relative to unaffected tissue from the same gill arch, while p53 tumor suppressor protein mRNA was concurrently downregulated in AGD lesions. Differential expression of p53-regulated transcripts, proliferating cell nuclear antigen and growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible gene-45β (GADD45β) in AGD lesions, suggests a role for p53 in AGD pathogenesis. Thus AGD may represent a novel model for comparative analysis of p53 and p53-regulated pathways.

scholarly journals Cyclic Hypoxia Exposure Accelerates the Progression of Amoebic Gill Disease

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 597
Author(s):  
Tina Oldham ◽  
Tim Dempster ◽  
Philip Crosbie ◽  
Mark Adams ◽  
Barbara Nowak
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Diel Pattern ◽  
Marine Aquaculture ◽  
Hypoxia Exposure ◽  
Qpcr Analysis ◽  
Serious Infections ◽  
Gill Disease ◽  
Hypoxic Treatment

Amoebic gill disease (AGD), caused by the amoeba Neoparamoeba perurans, has led to considerable economic losses in every major Atlantic salmon producing country, and is increasing in frequency. The most serious infections occur during summer and autumn, when temperatures are high and poor dissolved oxygen (DO) conditions are most common. Here, we tested if exposure to cyclic hypoxia at DO saturations of 40–60% altered the course of infection with N. perurans compared to normoxic controls maintained at ≥90% DO saturation. Although hypoxia exposure did not increase initial susceptibility to N. perurans, it accelerated progression of the disease. By 7 days post-inoculation, amoeba counts estimated from qPCR analysis were 1.7 times higher in the hypoxic treatment than in normoxic controls, and cumulative mortalities were twice as high (16 ± 4% and 8 ± 2%), respectively. At 10 days post-inoculation, however, there were no differences between amoeba counts in the hypoxic and normoxic treatments, nor in the percentage of filaments with AGD lesions (control = 74 ± 2.8%, hypoxic = 69 ± 3.3%), or number of lamellae per lesion (control = 30 ± 0.9%, hypoxic = 27.9 ± 0.9%) as determined by histological examination. Cumulative mortalities at the termination of the experiment were similarly high in both treatments (hypoxic = 60 ± 2%, normoxic = 53 ± 11%). These results reveal that exposure to cyclic hypoxia in a diel pattern, equivalent to what salmon are exposed to in marine aquaculture cages, accelerated the progression of AGD in post-smolts.

scholarly journals Genome-Wide Association and Genomic Selection for Resistance to Amoebic Gill Disease in Atlantic Salmon

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 1195-1203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Robledo ◽  
Oswald Matika ◽  
Alastair Hamilton ◽  
Ross D. Houston
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Genome Wide Association ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Gill Disease

Investigation of co-infections with pathogens associated with gill disease in Atlantic salmon during an amoebic gill disease outbreak

2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (8) ◽  
pp. 1217-1227 ◽  
Author(s):  
J K Downes ◽  
T Yatabe ◽  
M Marcos-Lopez ◽  
H D Rodger ◽  
E MacCarthy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Disease Outbreak ◽  
Gill Disease

Evaluation of sodium percarbonate as a bath treatment for amoebic gill disease in Atlantic salmon

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-129
Author(s):  
Richard S. Taylor ◽  
Joel Slinger ◽  
Paula Camargo Lima ◽  
Chloe J. English ◽  
Ben T. Maynard ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Sodium Percarbonate ◽  
Gill Disease

scholarly journals A comparison of the use of different swab materials for optimal diagnosis of amoebic gill disease (AGD) in Atlantic salmon ( Salmo salar L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 43 (11) ◽  
pp. 1463-1472
Author(s):  
Carolina Fernandez‐Senac ◽  
Sophie Fridman ◽  
Jadwiga Sokolowska ◽  
Sean J. Monaghan ◽  
Teresa Garzon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Gill Disease
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