scholarly journals In vitro studies on the effect of watercress juice on digestive enzymes relevant to type 2 diabetes and obesity and antioxidant activity

2016 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. e12335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítor Spínola ◽  
Joana Pinto ◽  
Paula C. Castilho
2019 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 443-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vítor Spínola ◽  
Joana Pinto ◽  
Eulogio J. Llorent-Martínez ◽  
Helena Tomás ◽  
Paula C. Castilho

Author(s):  
Julie Marcotorchino ◽  
Franck Tourniaire ◽  
Jean-François Landrier

AbstractEpidemiological studies have shown a link between vitamin D deficiency and numerous pathologies such as cancers, immunity diseases, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and obesity. Recent studies in vitro and in animal models demonstrated an impact of vitamin D on adipose tissue and adipocyte biology. Such observations are of particular interest and provide mechanistic explanations on the relationship between vitamin D deficiency and obesity.


2003 ◽  
Vol 88 (12) ◽  
pp. 6098-6106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip G. McTernan ◽  
FFolliott M. Fisher ◽  
George Valsamakis ◽  
Rajkumar Chetty ◽  
Alison Harte ◽  
...  

Abstract Resistin, an adipocyte secreted factor, has been suggested to link obesity with type 2 diabetes in rodent models, but its relevance to human diabetes remains uncertain. Although previous studies have suggested a role for this adipocytokine as a pathogenic factor, its functional effects, regulation by insulin, and alteration of serum resistin concentration by diabetes status remain to be elucidated. Therefore, the aims of this study were to analyze serum resistin concentrations in type 2 diabetic subjects; to determine the in vitro effects of insulin and rosiglitazone (RSG) on the regulation of resistin, and to examine the functional effects of recombinant human resistin on glucose and lipid metabolism in vitro. Serum concentrations of resistin were analyzed in 45 type 2 diabetic subjects and 34 nondiabetic subjects. Subcutaneous human adipocytes were incubated in vitro with insulin, RSG, and insulin in combination with RSG to examine effects on resistin secretion. Serum resistin was increased by approximately 20% in type 2 diabetic subjects compared with nondiabetic subjects (P = 0.004) correlating with C-reactive protein. No other parameters, including adiposity and fasting insulin levels, correlated with serum resistin in this cohort. However, in vitro, insulin stimulated resistin protein secretion in a concentration-dependent manner in adipocytes [control, 1215 ± 87 pg/ml (mean ± sem); 1 nm insulin, 1414.0 ± 89 pg/ml; 1 μm insulin, 1797 ± 107 pg/ml (P < 0.001)]. RSG (10 nm) reduced the insulin-mediated rise in resistin protein secretion (1 nm insulin plus RSG, 971 ± 35 pg/ml; insulin, 1 μm insulin plus RSG, 1019 ± 28 pg/ml; P < 0.01 vs. insulin alone). Glucose uptake was reduced after treatment with 10 ng/ml recombinant resistin and higher concentrations (P < 0.05). Our in vitro studies demonstrated a small, but significant, reduction in glucose uptake with human recombinant resistin in differentiated preadipocytes. In human abdominal sc adipocytes, RSG blocks the insulin-mediated release of resistin secretion in vitro. In conclusion, elevated serum resistin in human diabetes reflects the subclinical inflammation prevalent in type 2 diabetes. Our in vitro studies suggest a modest effect of resistin in reducing glucose uptake, and suppression of resistin expression may contribute to the insulin-sensitizing and glucose-lowering actions of the thiazolidinediones.


1970 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 48-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susanna Phoboo ◽  
Prasanta C Bhowmik ◽  
Pramod Kumar Jha ◽  
Kalidas Shetty

Swertia chirayita is a highly traded medicinal plant of Nepal widely used for its anti-diabetic potential. In this study, two herbs (Swertia nervosa and Andrographis paniculata) often used as adulterants and substitutes of Swertia chirayita were analyzed for their antioxidant activity, α-glucosidase inhibitory potential and total phenolic content and compared with that of Swertia chirayita. Aqueous and 12% ethanolic extracts of the three herbs showed moderate to high antioxidant activity and moderate α-glucosidase inhibitory potential. HPLC/ DAD revealed the presence of swertiamarin and mangiferin in all the Swertia species, while Andrographis paniculata contained cinnamates such as cinnamic acid, p-coumaric acid and chlorogenic acid. The antioxidant activity and α-glucosidase inhibitory potential was evident in the two herbs indicating their relevance as substitutes for Swertia chirayita for potential early stage management of type-2 diabetes and related complications. Key-words: Andrographis paniculata; antioxidant activity; cinnamates; mangiferin; Swertia nervosa; swertiamarin; α-glucosidase; type-2 diabetes. DOI: 10.3126/botor.v7i0.4373Botanica Orientalis – Journal of Plant Science (2010) 7: 48-55


Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 2023
Author(s):  
Vítor Spínola ◽  
Paula C. Castilho

Methanolic leaf extracts of four Lauraceae species endemic to Laurisilva forest (Apollonias barbujana, Laurus novocanariensis, Ocotea foetens and Persea indica) were investigated for the first time for their potential to inhibit key enzymes linked to type-2 diabetes (α-amylase, α-glucosidase, aldose reductase) and obesity (pancreatic lipase), and protein glycation. Lauraceae extracts revealed significant inhibitory activities in all assays, altough with different ability between species. In general, P. indica showed the most promissing results. In the protein glycation assay, all analysed extracts displayed a stronger effect than a reference compound: aminoguanidine (AMG). The in vitro anti-diabetic, anti-obesity and anti-glycation activities of analysed extracts showed correlation with their flavonols and flavan-3-ols (in particular, proanthocyanins) contents. These Lauraceae species have the capacity to assist in adjuvant therapy of type-2 diabetes and associated complications, through modulation of the activity of key metabolic enzymes and prevention of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) formation.


2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (4) ◽  
pp. 653-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Cheplick ◽  
Dipayan Sarkar ◽  
Prasanta Bhowmik ◽  
Kalidas Shetty

Cheplick, S., Sarkar, D., Bhowmik, P. and Shetty, K. 2015. Phenolic bioactives from developmental stages of highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum) for hyperglycemia management using in vitro models. Can. J. Plant Sci. 95: 653–662. Blueberry is a rich source of soluble phenolics as well as human health relevant antioxidants. Phenolic-linked bioactive functionality of blueberry for type 2 diabetes management was screened during fruit maturation, especially from green to ripening stages using in vitro assays. Green fruit showed the highest total soluble phenolic content, whereas all three developmental stages of blueberry fruit exhibited high total antioxidant activity. Overall, ripe fruit had higher α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than green or green/pink fruit, and showed significant potential to improve glucose metabolism through in vitro assays. High phenolic-linked antioxidant activity along with moderate to high α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitory activity in ripe blueberry indicated its potential relevance as part of diet-based prevention and management of early stages of hyperglycemia associated with development of type 2 diabetes. This in vitro screening study provides a biochemical rationale and dietary strategy to develop the right blueberry cultivar and stage of fruit development for further validation in animal and clinical studies.


2011 ◽  
Vol 136 (2) ◽  
pp. 305-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tingting Wu ◽  
Xueting Zhou ◽  
Yafei Deng ◽  
Qing Jing ◽  
Min Li ◽  
...  

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