Impact of Chicory-Supplemented Diet on HMG-CoA Reductase, Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase, Visfatin and Anti-Oxidant Status in Triton WR-1339-Induced Hyperlipidemia

2015 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 164-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walaa A. Keshk ◽  
Saad A. Noeman
Keyword(s):  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Triton Wr 1339 ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Coa Reductase ◽  
Oxidant Status

scholarly journals Role of protein synthesis in the carbohydrate-induced changes in the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA reductase in cultured rat hepatocytes

1985 ◽  
Vol 227 (3) ◽  
pp. 939-947 ◽  
Author(s):  
J T Spence ◽  
A P Koudelka ◽  
J C L Tseng-Crank
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Culture Medium ◽  
Relative Rate ◽  
Rat Hepatocytes ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Translatable Mrna ◽  
Coa Reductase

Changes in the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and HMG-CoA (3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA) reductase were studied in primary cultures of adult-rat hepatocytes after exposure of the cells to insulin and/or carbohydrates. To determine the contribution of protein synthesis to changes in enzyme activity, the relative rate of synthesis of each enzyme was measured and the amount of translatable mRNA coding for the enzymes was determined by translation in vitro and immunoprecipitation. Addition of insulin to the culture medium increased the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and HMG-CoA reductase by approx. 4- and 3-fold respectively. Although similar increases in the relative rate of synthesis of each protein and template activity were noted, initial increases in the activity of each enzyme occurred before any changes in protein synthesis were observed, suggesting the involvement of post-translational modification of enzyme activity in addition to changes in protein synthesis. The addition of fructose to the culture medium, in the absence of insulin, increased the activity of the carboxylase and the reductase approx. 3-fold, similar to the effects of insulin. However, the effect of fructose was to increase the rate of synthesis and the amount of translatable mRNA coding for acetyl-CoA carboxylase, whereas the increase in the activity of HMG-CoA reductase was not accompanied by any changes in the rate of synthesis or template activity. The effects of fructose could not be mimicked by glucose unless insulin was also present in the culture medium. Similar to observations in vitro, the injection of insulin or the feeding of a high-fructose diet to rats made diabetic by the injection of streptozotocin produced an increase in the activities of acetyl-CoA carboxylase and HMG-CoA reductase, and only the increase in the activity of the carboxylase was accompanied by an increase in the amount of translatable mRNA coding for the enzyme. The results are discussed in terms of the effects of fructose on the synthesis of enzymes involved in lipogenesis.

scholarly journals Hypolipidemic Activity of Pleurotus florida against Triton WR 1339 Induced Hyperlipidemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 2107-2116
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hypolipidemic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Pleurotus Florida ◽  
Triton Wr 1339 ◽  
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Coa Reductase

Pleurotus florida (Oyster mushroom) belongs to the family Pleurotaceae and widely consumed all over the world. The aqueous ethanolic extract of the fruiting body of P.florida was evaluated for hypolipidemic activity. Hyperlipidemia was induced with the help of Triton WR 1339 (100mg/Kg b.w.) administered via intraperitoneal injection. Atorvastatin (2.5 mg/Kg b.w) was used as the standard drug. Different concentrations of aqueous ethanolic extract of P. florida (500, 250, and 100 mg/Kg b.w) were given orally before triton administration. The serum lipid profile was assayed and showed significant hypolipidemic activity compared to the control group (Triton alone). The activity of HMG CoA reductase was assayed using hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Hepatic HMG CoA reductase activity was significantly decreased in the treated group as compared to the control. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation was also assayed. A significant reduction in lipid peroxidation was seen in groups treated with extract compared to control. Lovastatin was also isolated from fruiting bodies and culture filtrate and screened using Thin Layer Chromatography. Lovastatin (sigma) was used as the standard. The finding suggests the significant hypolipidemic activity of the aqueous ethanolic extract of P. florida.

scholarly journals Malonyl-Coenzyme A Reductase from Chloroflexus aurantiacus, a Key Enzyme of the 3-Hydroxypropionate Cycle for Autotrophic CO2 Fixation

2002 ◽  
Vol 184 (9) ◽  
pp. 2404-2410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Hügler ◽  
Castor Menendez ◽  
Hermann Schägger ◽  
Georg Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽  
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽  
Coenzyme A ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Chloroflexus Aurantiacus ◽  
Acetyl Coa Carboxylase ◽  
Acetyl Coa ◽  
Genome Database ◽  
Malonyl Coa ◽  
Coa Reductase

ABSTRACT The 3-hydroxypropionate cycle is a new autotrophic CO2 fixation pathway in Chloroflexus aurantiacus and some archaebacteria. The initial step is acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) carboxylation to malonyl-CoA by acetyl-CoA carboxylase, followed by NADPH-dependent reduction of malonyl-CoA to 3-hydroxypropionate. This reduction step was studied in Chloroflexus aurantiacus. A new enzyme was purified, malonyl-CoA reductase, which catalyzed the two-step reduction malonyl-CoA + NADPH + H+ → malonate semialdehyde + NADP+ + CoA and malonate semialdehyde + NADPH + H+ → 3-hydroxypropionate + NADP+. The bifunctional enzyme (aldehyde dehydrogenase and alcohol dehydrogenase) had a native molecular mass of 300 kDa and consisted of a single large subunit of 145 kDa, suggesting an α2 composition. The N-terminal amino acid sequence was determined, and the incomplete gene was identified in the genome database. Obviously, the enzyme consists of an N-terminal short-chain alcohol dehydrogenase domain and a C-terminal aldehyde dehydrogenase domain. No indication of the presence of a prosthetic group was obtained; Mg2+ and Fe2+ stimulated and EDTA inhibited activity. The enzyme was highly specific for its substrates, with apparent Km values of 30 μM malonyl-CoA and 25 μM NADPH and a turnover number of 25 s−1 subunit−1. The specific activity in autotrophically grown cells was 0.08 μmol of malonyl-CoA reduced min−1 (mg of protein)−1, compared to 0.03 μmol min−1 (mg of protein)−1 in heterotrophically grown cells, indicating downregulation under heterotrophic conditions. Malonyl-CoA reductase is not required in any other known pathway and therefore can be taken as a characteristic enzyme of the 3-hydroxypropionate cycle. Furthermore, the enzyme may be useful for production of 3-hydroxypropionate and for a coupled spectrophotometric assay for activity screening of acetyl-CoA carboxylase, a target enzyme of potent herbicides.

scholarly journals Hypolipidemic activity of Pleurotus florida against Triton WR 1339 induced Hyperlipidemia

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 4
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Hypolipidemic Activity ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Pleurotus Florida ◽  
Triton Wr 1339 ◽  
Aqueous Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Coa Reductase

Pleurotus florida (Oyster mushroom) belongs to the family Pleurotaceae and is one of the widely used edible mushrooms. The aqueous ethanolic extract of the fruiting body of P.florida was evaluated for hypolipidemic activity. Hyperlipidemia was induced with the help of Triton WR 1339 (100mg/Kg b.w.) administered via intraperitoneal injection. Atorvastatin (2.5 mg/Kg b.w) was used as the standard drug. Different concentrations of aqueous ethanolic extract of P.florida (500, 250, and 100mg/Kg b.w) were given orally before triton administration. The serum lipid profile was assayed and showed significant hypolipidemic activity compared to the control group (Triton alone). The activity of HMG CoA reductase was assayed using hydroxylamine hydrochloride. Hepatic HMG CoA reductase activity was significantly decreased in the treated group as compared to control. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation was also assayed. A significant reduction in lipid peroxidation was seen in groups treated with extract compared to control. Lovastatin was also isolated from fruiting bodies and culture filtrate and screened using Thin Layer Chromatography. Lovastatin (sigma) was used as the standard. The finding suggests the significant hypolipidemic activity of the aqueous ethanolic extract of P.florida.

Reduction of HMG-CoA-reductase leads to improved cardiac function in doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy in mice

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 202-203
Author(s):  
A RIAD ◽  
S BIEN ◽  
F ESCHER ◽  
D WESTERMANN ◽  
U LANDMESSER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Function ◽  
Hmg Coa Reductase ◽  
Coa Reductase
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