Amino acid cues emanating from Pacific salmon eggs and ovarian fluid

2020 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 1408-1414
Author(s):  
Andrew H. Dittman ◽  
Thomas P. Quinn
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Ovarian Fluid ◽  
Salmon Eggs

scholarly journals Post-Reproductive Pacific Salmon, Oncorhynchus spp., as a Major Nutrient Source for Large Aggregations of Gulls, Larus spp.

2005 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. S. Christie ◽  
T. E. Reimchen
Keyword(s):  
Pacific Coast ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Ecological Impacts ◽  
Forested Watersheds ◽  
Spawning Period ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Salmon Eggs ◽  
Major Nutrient ◽  
Widespread Phenomenon ◽  
Salmon Carcass

On the Pacific coast of North America, the most abundant vertebrate visitors to estuaries and rivers during salmon migration are gulls, yet the utilization of salmon nutrients by these scavengers, and subsequent ecological impacts are not well documented. On two forested watersheds on the central coast of British Columbia, we tracked gull abundance during the spawning period for two consecutive years, and estimated consumption of post-reproductive salmon carcasses and eggs, as well as guano production. At Clatse River, gulls (Larus glaucescens, L. argentatus, L. thayerii, L. californicus, L. canus, L. philadelphia) consumed 13-26% of total salmon carcass biomass and 29-36% of all salmon eggs deposited in the system. At Neekas River, gulls consumed 11-19% of salmon carcass biomass and 7-18% of total salmon eggs. Local guano production over the 60-day period ranged from 600 kg to 1190 kg at Clatse and from 1200 kg to 2100 kg at Neekas River, and was distributed to marine, estuarine, freshwater and riparian habitats. The large aggregations of gulls and subsequent nutrient cycling observed on our study watersheds may represent a once widespread phenomenon that is now largely reduced due to recent declines in salmon populations.

Comment on “Egg consumption in mature Pacific salmon (Oncorhynchus spp.)”Appears in Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 66(9): 1546–1553.

2010 ◽  
Vol 67 (12) ◽  
pp. 2052-2054 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan B. Armstrong
Keyword(s):  
Recent Article ◽  
Chum Salmon ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Stomach Contents ◽  
Energy Budgets ◽  
Egg Consumption ◽  
Salmon Eggs ◽  
Consumption Rates

In their recent article, “Egg consumption in mature Pacific salmon ( Oncorhynchus spp.)” (Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 66(9): 1546–1553), Garner et al. observed salmon eggs in the stomach contents of mature Chinook, coho, and chum salmon. Through experimentation and simulation of salmon energetics, the authors conclude that the observed feeding represents an important gain in energy, challenging the accepted paradigm that assumes salmon energy budgets contain no gains once adults return to freshwater. Here, I argue that Garner et al. have overestimated the energetic consequence of egg consumption and that the observed consumption rates do not represent biologically significant gains in energy.

The role of chemoreception in salmon-egg predation by coastrange (Cottus aleuticus) and slimy (C. cognatus) sculpins in Iliamna Lake, Alaska

1998 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 405-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew H Dittman ◽  
Gayle S Brown ◽  
Chris J Foote
Keyword(s):  
Lake Water ◽  
Visual Cues ◽  
Sockeye Salmon ◽  
Chemical Cues ◽  
Egg Predation ◽  
Ovarian Fluid ◽  
Maze Test ◽  
Salmon Eggs ◽  
Ecological Relationship

Egg predation by coastrange sculpins (Cottus aleuticus) and slimy sculpins (C. cognatus) may be a major factor affecting sockeye salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) production in Iliamna Lake, Alaska. In this study, we examined the potential roles of visual and chemosensory cues in egg predation by sculpins. A field study tested whether sculpins were differentially attracted to minnow traps baited with eggs that were (i) visible with no odours present, (ii) visible with odours present, or (iii) not visible with odours present. Our results indicated that sculpins do not require visual cues for detecting salmon eggs. However, attraction to sockeye eggs did require chemical cues emanating from the eggs. To characterize the chemical attractants that emanate from salmon eggs, we tested whether sculpins were attracted to test odours in a two-choice maze. Test odours were prepared by soaking eggs in lake water. Sculpins preferred egg wash to lake water but demonstrated no attraction to ovarian fluid versus lake water, suggesting that the attractive substances are derived directly from egg material. These results are discussed in relation to the known sensory mechanisms involved in feeding by sculpins as well as to the ecological relationship between spawning sockeye salmon and sculpins.

Predation by fallfish (Semotilus corporalis) on Pacific salmon eggs in the Salmon River, New York

2009 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 630-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Johnson ◽  
Christopher C. Nack ◽  
Marc A. Chalupnicki
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Salmon River ◽  
Salmon Eggs ◽  
Semotilus Corporalis

Interactive effects of introduced Pacific salmon and brown trout on native brook trout: an experimental and modeling approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (4) ◽  
pp. 538-548 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon S. Gerig ◽  
David N. Weber ◽  
Dominic T. Chaloner ◽  
Lillian M. McGill ◽  
Gary A. Lamberti
Keyword(s):  
Simulation Model ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Brook Trout ◽  
Salmo Trutta ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Isotopic Ratios ◽  
Food Quantity ◽  
Salmon Eggs ◽  
Brown Trout Salmo Trutta

Pacific salmon (Oncoryhnchus spp.) and brown trout (Salmo trutta) are introduced species stocked in the Laurentian Great Lakes. In their native range, salmon deliver material that enhances growth, alters isotopic ratios, and increases contaminant burdens of resident fish. However, whether salmon subsidies mediate interactions between competing species is unknown. Here, we employed a mesocosm experiment and a simulation model to determine if salmon tissue consumption influences brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) growth, isotopic ratios, and mercury concentrations and whether these were modified by brown trout. Our results indicate that brook trout growth did not increase with provision of salmon tissue and was not reduced by brown trout. However, brook trout exhibited isotopic enrichment and increased mercury concentrations, suggesting dietary intake of salmon tissue. Because salmon eggs have a higher energy density and lower mercury concentration compared with salmon tissue, our simulation model suggests that consumption of salmon eggs rather than tissue can increase growth while reducing mercury accumulation. Overall, our results suggest that the role of introduced Pacific salmon is dependent on both food quantity and quality along with diet contaminant concentrations.

The Amino Acid Content of Roe at Different Stages of Maturity from the Five Species of Pacific Salmon

1954 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 139-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harry L. Seagran ◽  
David E. Morey ◽  
John A. Dassow
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Acid Content ◽  
Pacific Salmon ◽  
Amino Acid Content

The staining pattern of the tropomyosin sequence is displayed in a new paracrystal

1986 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 150-151
Author(s):  
M.K. Lamvik ◽  
L.L. Klatt
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence ◽  
Staining Pattern ◽  
Banding Patterns ◽  
Mass Thickness ◽  
New Form

Tropomyosin paracrystals have been used extensively as test specimens and magnification standards due to their clear periodic banding patterns. The paracrystal type discovered by Ohtsuki1 has been of particular interest as a test of unstained specimens because of alternating bands that differ by 50% in mass thickness. While producing specimens of this type, we came across a new paracrystal form. Since this new form displays aligned tropomyosin molecules without the overlaps that are characteristic of the Ohtsuki-type paracrystal, it presents a staining pattern that corresponds to the amino acid sequence of the molecule.

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