Calcium-activated chloride channels do not contribute to the odorant transduction current in the marine teleost Isacia conceptionis

Chloride channel 3 (ClC-3), a Cl−/H+ antiporter, has been well established as a member of volume-regulated chloride channels (VRCCs). ClC-3 may be a crucial mediator for activating inflammation-associated signaling pathways by regulating protein phosphorylation. A growing number of studies have indicated that ClC-3 overexpression plays a crucial role in mediating increased plasma low-density lipoprotein levels, vascular endothelium dysfunction, pro-inflammatory activation of macrophages, hyper-proliferation and hyper-migration of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs), as well as oxidative stress and foam cell formation, which are the main factors responsible for atherosclerotic plaque formation in the arterial wall. In the present review, we summarize the molecular structures and classical functions of ClC-3. We further discuss its emerging role in the atherosclerotic process. In conclusion, we explore the potential role of ClC-3 as a therapeutic target for atherosclerosis.

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Ion channels and G protein-coupled receptors as targets for invertebrate pest control: from past challenges to practical insecticides

Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry ◽

10.1093/bbb/zbab089 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Yoshihisa Ozoe

Keyword(s):

Ion Channels ◽

G Protein ◽

Pest Control ◽

Gaba Receptors ◽

Chloride Channels ◽

Structural Changes ◽

G Protein Coupled Receptors ◽

Octopamine Receptors ◽

Sites Of Action ◽

G Protein Coupled

Abstract In the late 1970s, we discovered that toxic bicyclic phosphates inhibit the generation of miniature inhibitory junction potentials, implying their antagonism of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptors (GABARs; GABA-gated chloride channels). This unique mode of action provided a strong incentive for our research on GABARs in later years. Furthermore, minor structural changes conferred insect GABAR selectivity to this class of compounds, convincing us of the possibility of GABARs as targets for insecticides. Forty years later, third-generation insecticides acting as allosteric modulator antagonists at a distinctive site of action in insect GABARs were developed. G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are also promising targets for pest control. We characterized phenolamine receptors functionally and pharmacologically. Of the tested receptors, β-adrenergic-like octopamine receptors were revealed to be the most sensitive to the acaricide/insecticide amitraz. Given the presence of multiple sites of action, ion channels and GPCRs remain potential targets for invertebrate pest control.

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Cardiac-specific, inducible ClC-3 gene deletion eliminates native volume-sensitive chloride channels and produces myocardial hypertrophy in adult mice

Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology ◽

10.1016/j.yjmcc.2009.07.003 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 48 (1) ◽

pp. 211-219 ◽

Cited By ~ 35

Author(s):

Dazhi Xiong ◽

Nathanael S. Heyman ◽

Judith Airey ◽

Mi Zhang ◽

Cherie A. Singer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chloride Channels ◽

Gene Deletion ◽

Myocardial Hypertrophy ◽

Adult Mice

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Aflatoxicosis Dysregulates the Physiological Responses to Crowding Densities in the Marine Teleost Gilthead Seabream (Sparus aurata)

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11030753 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 753

Author(s):

Andre Barany ◽

Juan Fuentes ◽

Gonzalo Martínez-Rodríguez ◽

Juan Miguel Mancera

Keyword(s):

Mrna Expression ◽

Sparus Aurata ◽

Stocking Density ◽

Head Kidney ◽

Dietary Exposure ◽

Experimental Period ◽

Gilthead Seabream ◽

Marine Teleost ◽

Lipid Metabolites ◽

Period Duration

Several studies in fish have shown that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) causes a disparity of species-dependent physiological disorders without compromising survival. We studied the effect of dietary administration of AFB1 (2 mg AFB1 kg−1 diet) in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) juveniles in combination with a challenge by stocking density (4 vs. 40 g L−1). The experimental period duration was ten days, and the diet with AFB1 was administered to the fish for 85 days prior to the stocking density challenge. Our results indicated an alteration in the carbohydrate and lipid metabolites mobilization in the AFB1 fed group, which was intensified at high stocking density (HSD). The CT group at HSD increased plasma cortisol levels, as expected, whereas the AFB1-HSD group did not. The star mRNA expression, an enzyme involved in cortisol synthesis in the head kidney, presented a ninefold increase in the AFB1 group at low stocking density (LSD) compared to the CT-LSD group. Adenohypophyseal gh mRNA expression increased in the AFB1-HSD but not in the CT-HSD group. Overall, these results confirmed that chronic AFB1 dietary exposure alters the adequate endocrinological physiological cascade response in S. aurata, compromising the expected stress response to an additional stressor, such as overcrowding.

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The Role of Serum Chloride in Acute and Chronic Heart Failure: A Narrative Review

Cardiorenal Medicine ◽

10.1159/000515604 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 87-98

Author(s):

Frederick Berro Rivera ◽

Pia Alfonso ◽

Jem Marie Golbin ◽

Kevin Lo ◽

Edgar Lerma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heart Failure ◽

Chloride Channel ◽

Chloride Channels ◽

Prognostic Value ◽

Diuretic Therapy ◽

Juxtaglomerular Apparatus ◽

Sodium Chloride Cotransporter ◽

Serum Chloride ◽

And Function

Clinical guidelines include diuretics for the treatment of heart failure (HF), not to decrease mortality but to decrease symptoms and hospitalizations. More attention has been paid to the worse outcomes, including mortality, associated with continual diuretic therapy due to hypochloremia. Studies have revealed a pivotal role for serum chloride in the pathophysiology of HF and is now a target of treatment to decrease mortality. The prognostic value of serum chloride in HF has been the subject of much attention. Mechanistically, the macula densa, a region in the renal juxtaglomerular apparatus, relies on chloride levels to sense salt and volume status. The recent discovery of with-no-lysine (K) (WNK) protein kinase as an intracellular chloride sensor sheds light on the possible reason of diuretic resistance in HF. The action of chloride on WNKs results in the upregulation of the sodium-potassium-chloride cotransporter and sodium-chloride cotransporter receptors, which could lead to increased electrolyte and fluid reabsorption. Genetic studies have revealed that a variant of a voltage-sensitive chloride channel (CLCNKA) gene leads to almost a 50% decrease in current amplitude and function of the renal chloride channel. This variant increases the risk of HF. Several trials exploring the prognostic value of chloride in both acute and chronic HF have shown mostly positive results, some even suggesting a stronger role than sodium. However, so far, interventional trials exploring serum chloride as a therapeutic target have been largely inconclusive. This study is a review of the pathophysiologic effects of hypochloremia in HF, the genetics of chloride channels, and clinical trials that are underway to investigate novel approaches to HF management.

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Role of chloride channels in bradykinin-induced guinea pig airway vagal C-fibre activation

The Journal of Physiology ◽

10.1113/jphysiol.2005.087577 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 566 (1) ◽

pp. 205-212 ◽

Cited By ~ 45

Author(s):

Min-Goo Lee ◽

Donald W. MacGlashan ◽

Bradley J. Undem

Keyword(s):

Guinea Pig ◽

Chloride Channels ◽

C Fibre

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