Effect of parental mate choice and semi-natural early rearing environment on the growth performance and seawater tolerance of Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (2) ◽  
pp. 618-636 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. N. Madison ◽  
J. W. Heath ◽  
D. D. Heath ◽  
N. J. Bernier
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Rearing Environment ◽  
Seawater Tolerance ◽  
Early Rearing

Effects of early rearing environment and breeding strategy on social interactions and the hormonal response to stressors in juvenile Chinook salmon

2015 ◽  
Vol 72 (5) ◽  
pp. 673-683 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barry N. Madison ◽  
John W. Heath ◽  
Daniel D. Heath ◽  
Nicholas J. Bernier
Keyword(s):  
Mate Choice ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Breeding Strategy ◽  
Rearing Environment ◽  
Juvenile Chinook Salmon ◽  
Hatchery Fish ◽  
The Social ◽  
Juvenile Chinook ◽  
Early Rearing

To determine whether early rearing environment and parental breeding strategy affect the social behaviour and the endocrine response to stressors in juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha), offspring (1–2 g) from traditional hatchery breeding or parental mate choice breeding were reared in a hatchery setting or in seminatural channels. Once ∼30 g, 9-month-old hatchery and mate choice fish from both rearing environments were exposed to one of four treatments: (i) sampled, (ii) air-exposed (AE) for 60 s and sampled 1 h later, (iii) sampled after 5 days of continuous dyadic social interaction (SI), or (iv) AE and allowed to interact for 5 days (AE/SI). In the hatchery environment, while hatchery fish were dominant in 70% and 80% of the dyadic trials in the SI and AE/SI treatments, respectively, plasma cortisol, growth hormone, and insulin-like growth factor I levels did not differ between hatchery and mate choice fish. In contrast, when reared in a seminatural environment, mate choice fish were dominant in 70% of the dyadic trials in the SI and AE/SI treatments, and clear differences in plasma hormone levels emerged between hatchery and mate choice fish. Therefore, while we found no evidence that breeding strategy affects social status, familiarity with the early rearing environment (i.e., from emergence until 1–2 g) enhanced the competitive ability of juvenile Chinook salmon during dyadic interactions. Early rearing environment also affected the endocrine responses to stressors, and freshwater seminatural channel environments were associated with elevated hormonal responsiveness.

Behavioural and genetic analyses of mate choice and reproductive success in two Chinook salmon populations

2013 ◽  
Vol 70 (2) ◽  
pp. 263-270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa L. Evans ◽  
Bryan D. Neff ◽  
Daniel D. Heath
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Selection ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Reproductive Success ◽  
Mate Choice ◽  
Mhc Class Ii ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Mating Behaviour ◽  
Selection Pressures ◽  
Evolutionary Force

Sexual selection is recognized as an important evolutionary force in salmon. However, relatively little is known about variation in sexual selection pressures across salmon populations or the potential role of natural selection as a driver of adaptive mating patterns. Here, we examine mating behaviour and correlates of reproductive success in Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) from the Quinsam and Little Qualicum rivers in British Columbia, Canada — two populations for which we have previously found evidence of natural selection operating on major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes. In both populations, males courted females and exhibited dominance behaviour towards other males, and the frequency of each behaviour was positively associated with reproductive success. Males were more aggressive towards females with whom they would produce offspring of low or high MHC class II diversity, and the offspring of males from the Quinsam River exhibited higher diversity at the MHC class I than expected. We discuss our results in relation to local natural selection pressures on the MHC and the potential for MHC-dependent mate choice.

Life History of Juvenile Ocean-type Chinook Salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Situk River, Alaska

1992 ◽  
Vol 49 (12) ◽  
pp. 2621-2629 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. W. Johnson ◽  
J. F. Thedinga ◽  
K. V. Koski
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Habitat Preference ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Fork Length ◽  
Main Stem ◽  
Seawater Tolerance ◽  
History Of ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Stream Type

Distribution, abundance, habitat preference, migration and residence timing, seawater tolerance, and size were determined for juvenile ocean-type (age 0) chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in the Situk River, Alaska. Chinook primarily occupied main-stem habitats (channel edges in spring, pools and willow edges in summer). Peak chinook densities in the upper and lower main stem were 96 and 76 fish/100 m2, respectively. Chinook migrated downstream in two phases: a spring dispersal of emergent fry and a summer migration. Chinook marked in the upper river in late June and early July were recaptured 20 km downstream in the lower river in late July. Marked chinook resided in the lower river up to 34 d. Mean fork length of chinook in the lower river increased from 40 mm in May to 80 mm in early August. By late August, chinook had emigrated from the lower river at a size of approximately 80 mm. Fish this size were seawater tolerant and had the physical appearance of smolts. Ocean-type chinook in the Situk River are unique because in most Alaskan streams, chinook are stream-type (rear in freshwater at least 1 yr).

scholarly journals Uncoupling Thermotolerance and Growth Performance in Chinook Salmon: Blood Biochemistry and Immune Capacity

Metabolites ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Ronald Lulijwa ◽  
Tim Young ◽  
Jane E. Symonds ◽  
Seumas P. Walker ◽  
Natalí J. Delorme ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha ◽  
Redox Status ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Fish Stocks ◽  
Blood Biochemical ◽  
Ion Profiles ◽  
A Minor

Ocean warming and extreme sea surface temperature anomalies are threatening wild and domesticated fish stocks in various regions. Understanding mechanisms for thermotolerance and processes associated with divergent growth performance is key to the future success of aquaculture and fisheries management. Herein, we exposed Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) to environmentally relevant water temperatures (19–20 °C) approaching their upper physiological limit for three months and sought to identify blood biomarkers associated with thermal stress and resilience. In parallel, blood biochemical associations with growth performance were also investigated. Temperature stress-activated leukocyte apoptosis induced a minor immune response, and influenced blood ion profiles indicative of osmoregulatory perturbation, regardless of how well fish grew. Conversely, fish displaying poor growth performance irrespective of temperature exhibited numerous biomarker shifts including haematology indices, cellular-based enzyme activities, and blood clinical chemistries associated with malnutrition and disturbances in energy metabolism, endocrine functioning, immunocompetence, redox status, and osmoregulation. Findings provide insight into mechanisms of stress tolerance and compromised growth potential. Biochemical phenotypes associated with growth performance and health can potentially be used to improve selective breeding strategies.

Systematic hexamitid (Protozoa: Diplomonadida) Infection in seawater pen-reared Chinook salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha

1992 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 81-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
ML Kent ◽  
J Ellis ◽  
JW Fournie ◽  
SC Dawe ◽  
JW Bagshaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chinook Salmon ◽  
Oncorhynchus Tshawytscha
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