Uninfested plants and honey enhance the attractiveness of a volatile blend to a parasitoidCotesia vestalis

2018 ◽  
Vol 142 (10) ◽  
pp. 978-984 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rika Ozawa ◽  
Yoshitsugu Ohara ◽  
Kaori Shiojiri ◽  
Toru Uchida ◽  
Kazumasa Kakibuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Blend

Verbenone interrupts attraction to host volatiles and reduces attack on Pinus tabuliformis (Pinaceae) by Dendroctonus valens (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in the People's Republic of China

2003 ◽  
Vol 135 (5) ◽  
pp. 721-732 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianghua Sun ◽  
Nancy E. Gillette ◽  
Zhengwan Miao ◽  
Le Kang ◽  
Zhongning Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Mortality ◽  
People’S Republic Of China ◽  
People's Republic Of China ◽  
Trap Catch ◽  
Forest Pests ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Dendroctonus Valens ◽  
Pinus Tabuliformis ◽  
Volatile Blend ◽  
And Control

AbstractThe introduced red turpentine beetle, Dendroctonus valens LeConte, is one of the most economically important forest pests in the People's Republic of China, having killed more than 6 million pines in recent years. There is an urgent need to develop effective behavioral chemicals to monitor and control D. valens in the People's Republic of China, as well as in its native range in North America. We tested host kairomones as a 1:1:1 blend of α-pinene, β-pinene, and Δ-3-carene (releasing in the same proportions) for monitoring D. valens populations in the People's Republic of China. We also tested two release systems of verbenone for protection of Pinus tabuliformis Lawson from D. valens attack: (1) polyethylene bubblecaps (BCs) filled with 800 mg of nearly pure verbenone (releasing 18 mg/tree per day) and (2) a sprayable water suspension of microencapsulated (MEC) verbenone (releasing about 100 mg/tree per day). The host-volatile blend trapped substantial numbers of both sexes of adult beetles, up to 15 beetles per day, proving its potential for monitoring. Both of the verbenone release systems significantly reduced D. valens trap catch, and there was no difference between the BC treatment and the MEC treatment. Both release systems also reduced beetle attack on trees to the same level as unbaited controls, from a mean of 5.1 per tree to a mean of 0.7 per tree (for both release systems), suggesting that the treatments may also reduce tree mortality.

From a non-target to a target: identification of a fermentation volatile blend attractive to Zaprionus indianus

2014 ◽  
Vol 139 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 114-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. H. Cha ◽  
M. A. Gill ◽  
N. D. Epsky ◽  
C. T. Werle ◽  
J. J. Adamczyk ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Identification ◽  
Zaprionus Indianus ◽  
Volatile Blend

scholarly journals Is quality more important than quantity? Insect behavioural responses to changes in a volatile blend after stemborer oviposition on an African grass

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-317 ◽  
Author(s):  
Toby J. A. Bruce ◽  
Charles A. O. Midega ◽  
Michael A. Birkett ◽  
John A. Pickett ◽  
Zeyaur R. Khan
Keyword(s):  
Minor Component ◽  
Volatile Profile ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Cotesia Sesamiae ◽  
Volatile Emission ◽  
Multitrophic Interaction ◽  
African Grass ◽  
Volatile Blend ◽  
Insect Attack

Plants subjected to insect attack usually increase volatile emission which attracts natural enemies and repels further herbivore colonization. Less is known about the capacity of herbivores to suppress volatiles and the multitrophic consequences thereof. In our study, the African forage grass, Brachiaria brizantha , was exposed to ovipositing spotted stemborer, Chilo partellus , moths. A marked reduction in emission of the main volatile, ( Z )-3-hexenyl acetate ( Z 3HA), occurred following oviposition but the ratio of certain other minor component volatiles to Z 3HA was increased. While further herbivore colonization was reduced on plants after oviposition, the new volatile profile caused increased attraction of an adapted parasitoid, Cotesia sesamiae . Our results show that insect responses are dependent on the quality of volatile emission rather than merely the quantity in this multitrophic interaction.

scholarly journals Olfactory responses of Argentine stem weevil to herbivory and endophyte-colonisation in perennial ryegrass

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louise M. Hennessy ◽  
Alison J. Popay ◽  
Travis R. Glare ◽  
Sarah C. Finch ◽  
Vanessa M. Cave ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Volatile Compounds ◽  
Perennial Ryegrass ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Wild Type ◽  
Olfactory Responses ◽  
Plant Volatile ◽  
Endophyte Infection ◽  
Listronotus Bonariensis ◽  
Volatile Blend

AbstractArgentine stem weevil adults (ASW, Listronotus bonariensis) feed on the leaves of agricultural grasses and their larvae mine the pseudostem, causing extensive damage that can result in plant death. Plants emit volatiles that serve as signals to host-searching insects and these odours can be altered by both herbivory and fungal endophyte-infection. This study investigated whether ASW adults utilise olfaction to identify their host plants, perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne), and if conspecific herbivory or the presence of Epichloë festucae var. lolii fungal endophytes (strain wild-type or AR1) influenced such responses. Results from olfactometer bioassays established that ASW adults were able to utilise their olfactory response to orient towards volatiles released by perennial ryegrass and further, the weevils displayed a preference for plants previously damaged by conspecific weevils. However, there was no evidence that weevils had the ability to distinguish between endophyte-infected and endophyte-free plants using olfaction alone. Using a push–pull extraction technique, thirteen volatile compounds were identified in the blend released by perennial ryegrass. Endophyte and herbivory were found to alter these volatile compounds and quantities emitted by this forage grass. This study suggests that despite observing differences in the plant volatile blend, ASW do not perceive endophyte (wild-type and AR1) using olfaction alone and must rely on other cues, e.g. contact chemoreception or post-ingestional malaise, to detect the presence of a bioactive endophyte in an otherwise acceptable host plant.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic and volatile signatures associated with maize defense against corn leaf aphid

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lise Pingault ◽  
Suresh Varsani ◽  
Nathan Palmer ◽  
Swayamjit Ray ◽  
W. Paul Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Defense Responses ◽  
The United States ◽  
Aphid Infestation ◽  
Worldwide Production ◽  
Corn Leaf Aphid ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Volatile Blend ◽  
Constitutive Production

Abstract Background Maize (Zea mays L.) is a major cereal crop, with the United States accounting for over 40% of the worldwide production. Corn leaf aphid [CLA; Rhopalosiphum maidis (Fitch)] is an economically important pest of maize and several other monocot crops. In addition to feeding damage, CLA acts as a vector for viruses that cause devastating diseases in maize. We have shown previously that the maize inbred line Mp708, which was developed by classical plant breeding, provides heightened resistance to CLA. However, the transcriptomic variation conferring CLA resistance to Mp708 has not been investigated. Results In this study, we contrasted the defense responses of the resistant Mp708 genotype to those of the susceptible Tx601 genotype at the transcriptomic (mRNA-seq) and volatile blend levels. Our results suggest that there was a greater transcriptomic remodeling in Mp708 plants in response to CLA infestation compared to the Tx601 plants. These transcriptomic signatures indicated an activation of hormonal pathways, and regulation of sesquiterpenes and terpenoid synthases in a constitutive and inducible manner. Transcriptomic analysis also revealed that the resistant Mp708 genotype possessed distinct regulation of ethylene and jasmonic acid pathways before and after aphid infestation. Finally, our results also highlight the significance of constitutive production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in Mp708 and Tx601 plants that may contribute to maize direct and/or indirect defense responses. Conclusions This study provided further insights to understand the role of defense signaling networks in Mp708’s resistance to CLA.

scholarly journals Volatile emission and biosynthesis in endophytic fungi colonizing black poplar leaves

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1698-1711
Author(s):  
Christin Walther ◽  
Pamela Baumann ◽  
Katrin Luck ◽  
Beate Rothe ◽  
Peter H W Biedermann ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endophytic Fungi ◽  
Agar Medium ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Defense Compounds ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Plant Insect Interactions ◽  
Black Poplar ◽  
Poplar Trees ◽  
Volatile Blend ◽  
Insect Interactions

Plant volatiles play a major role in plant–insect interactions as defense compounds or attractants for insect herbivores. Recent studies have shown that endophytic fungi are also able to produce volatiles and this raises the question of whether these fungal volatiles influence plant–insect interactions. Here, we qualitatively investigated the volatiles released from 13 endophytic fungal species isolated from leaves of mature black poplar (Populus nigra) trees. The volatile blends of these endophytes grown on agar medium consist of typical fungal compounds, including aliphatic alcohols, ketones and esters, the aromatic alcohol 2-phenylethanol and various sesquiterpenes. Some of the compounds were previously reported as constituents of the poplar volatile blend. For one endophyte, a species of Cladosporium, we isolated and characterized two sesquiterpene synthases that can produce a number of mono- and sesquiterpenes like (E)-β-ocimene and (E)-β-caryophyllene, compounds that are dominant components of the herbivore-induced volatile bouquet of black poplar trees. As several of the fungus-derived volatiles like 2-phenylethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol and the sesquiterpene (E)-β-caryophyllene, are known to play a role in direct and indirect plant defense, the emission of volatiles from endophytic microbial species should be considered in future studies investigating tree-insect interactions.

scholarly journals Parasitic wasp females are attracted to blends of host-induced plant volatiles: do qualitative and quantitative differences in the blend matter?

F1000Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayoshi Uefune ◽  
Soichi Kugimiya ◽  
Rika Ozawa ◽  
Junji Takabayashi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Volatiles ◽  
Diamondback Moth ◽  
Parasitic Wasp ◽  
Cotesia Vestalis ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Induced Plant Volatiles ◽  
Choice Tests ◽  
Volatile Blend ◽  
Quantitative Changes ◽  
Synthetic Blend

Naïve Cotesia vestalis wasps, parasitoids of diamondback moth (DBM) larvae, are attracted to a synthetic blend (Blend A) of host-induced plant volatiles composed of sabinene, n-heptanal, α-pinene, and (Z)-3-hexenyl acetate, in a ratio of 1.8:1.3:2.0:3.0. We studied whether qualitative (adding (R)-limonene: Blend B) or quantitative changes (changing ratios: Blend C) to Blend A affected the olfactory response of C. vestalis in the background of intact komatsuna plant volatiles. Naïve wasps showed equal preference to Blends A and B and Blends A and C in two-choice tests. Wasps with oviposition experience in the presence of Blend B preferred Blend B over Blend A, while wasps that had oviposited without a volatile blend showed no preference between the two. Likewise, wasps that had starvation experience in the presence of Blend B preferred Blend A over Blend B, while wasps that had starved without a volatile blend showed no preference between the two. Wasps that had oviposition experience either with or without Blend A showed equal preferences between Blends C and A. However, wasps that had starvation experience in the presence of Blend A preferred Blend C over Blend A, while those that starved without a volatile blend showed equal preferences between the two. By manipulating quality and quantity of the synthetic attractants, we showed to what extent C. vestalis could discriminate/learn slight differences between blends that were all, in principle, attractive.

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