Phylogenetic conservation of behavioral variation and behavioral syndromes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Dalos ◽  
Raphael Royauté ◽  
Ann V. Hedrick ◽  
Ned A. Dochtermann
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Syndromes ◽  
Behavioral Variation ◽  
Phylogenetic Conservation

Personality and behavioral syndromes in insects and spiders

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carl N. Keiser ◽  
James L.L. Lichtenstein ◽  
Colin M. Wright ◽  
Gregory T. Chism ◽  
Jonathan N. Pruitt
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Individual Variation ◽  
Insect Behavior ◽  
Behavioral Syndromes ◽  
Ecological Consequences ◽  
Behavioral Variation ◽  
Terrestrial Arthropods ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Behavioral Tendencies ◽  
Animal Personalities

The field of animal behavior has experienced a surge of studies focusing on functional differences among individuals in their behavioral tendencies (‘animal personalities’) and the relationships between different axes of behavioral variation (‘behavioral syndromes’). Many important developments in this field have arisen through research using insects and other terrestrial arthropods, in part, because they present the opportunity to test hypotheses not accessible in other taxa. This chapter reviews how studies on insects and spiders have advanced the study of animal personalities by describing the mechanisms underlying the emergence of individual variation and their ecological consequences. Furthermore, studies accounting for animal personalities can expand our understanding of phenomena in insect science like metamorphosis, eusociality, and applied insect behavior. In addition, this chapter serves to highlight some of the most exciting issues at the forefront of our field and to inspire entomologists and behaviorists alike to seek the answers to these questions.

scholarly journals Species comparison of among- and within-individual variation and correlations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Dalos ◽  
Raphaël Royauté ◽  
Ann Hedrick ◽  
Ned A. Dochtermann
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Responses ◽  
Animal Personality ◽  
Single Species ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Behavioral Syndromes ◽  
Evolutionary Relationships ◽  
Species Comparison ◽  
Behavioral Variation ◽  
Animal Personalities

Individuals frequently differ consistently from one another in their average behaviors (i.e. “animal personality”) and in correlated suites of consistent behavioral responses (i.e. “behavioral syndromes”). However, understanding the evolutionary basis of this (co)variation has lagged behind demonstrations of its presence. This lag partially stems from comparative methods rarely being used in the field. Consequently, much of the research on animal personality has relied on “adaptive stories” focused on single species and populations. Here we used a comparative approach to examine the role of phylogeny in shaping patterns of average behaviors, behavioral variation, and behavioral correlations. In comparing the behaviors and behavioral variation for five species of Gryllid crickets we found that phylogeny shaped average behaviors and behavioral (co)variation. Variation in average exploratory behavior and response to cues of predator presence attributable to phylogeny was greater or comparable to the magnitude of “personality variation”. Likewise, magnitudes of variation were concordant with evolutionary relationships and behavioral correlations were consistent across species. These results suggest that phylogenetic constraints play an important role in the expression of animal personalities and behavioral syndromes and emphasize the importance of examining evolutionary explanations within a comparative framework.

scholarly journals The structure of behavioral variation within a genotype

eLife ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zachary Werkhoven ◽  
Alyssa Bravin ◽  
Kyobi Skutt-Kakaria ◽  
Pablo Reimers ◽  
Luisa F Pallares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Behavioral Syndromes ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Behavioral Variation ◽  
Neural Populations ◽  
The Brain

Individual animals vary in their behaviors. This is true even when they share the same genotype and were reared in the same environment. Clusters of covarying behaviors constitute behavioral syndromes, and an individual’s position along such axes of covariation is a representation of their personality. Despite these conceptual frameworks, the structure of behavioral covariation within a genotype is essentially uncharacterized and its mechanistic origins unknown. Passing hundreds of inbred Drosophila individuals through an experimental pipeline that captured hundreds of behavioral measures, we found sparse but significant correlations among small sets of behaviors. Thus, the space of behavioral variation has many independent dimensions. Manipulating the physiology of the brain, and specific neural populations, altered specific correlations. We also observed that variation in gene expression can predict an individual’s position on some behavioral axes. This work represents the first steps in understanding the biological mechanisms determining the structure of behavioral variation within a genotype.

scholarly journals The structure of behavioral variation within a genotype

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zach Werkhoven ◽  
Alyssa Bravin ◽  
Kyobi Skutt-Kakaria ◽  
Pablo Reimers ◽  
Luisa F. Pallares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Behavioral Syndromes ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Biological Mechanisms ◽  
Behavioral Measures ◽  
Behavioral Variation ◽  
Neural Populations ◽  
The Brain

AbstractIndividual animals vary in their behaviors. This is true even when they share the same genotype and were reared in the same environment. Clusters of covarying behaviors constitute behavioral syndromes, and an individual’s position along such axes of covariation is a representation of their personality. Despite these conceptual frameworks, the structure of behavioral covariation within a genotype is essentially uncharacterized and its mechanistic origins unknown. Passing hundreds of inbred Drosophila individuals through an experimental pipeline that captured hundreds of behavioral measures, we found correlations only between sparse pairs of behaviors. Thus, the space of behavioral variation has many independent dimensions. Manipulating the physiology of the brain, and specific neural populations, altered specific correlations. We also observed that variation in gene expression can predict an individual’s position on some behavior axes. This work represents the first steps in understanding the biological mechanisms determining the structure of behavioral variation within a genotype.

scholarly journals Stathmin gene family: phylogenetic conservation and developmental regulation in Xenopus

1993 ◽  
Vol 268 (22) ◽  
pp. 16420-16429
Author(s):  
A. Maucuer ◽  
J. Moreau ◽  
M. Méchali ◽  
A. Sobel
Keyword(s):  
Gene Family ◽  
Developmental Regulation ◽  
Phylogenetic Conservation

scholarly journals Negative Symptoms and Behavioral Alterations Associated with Dorsolateral Prefrontal Syndrome in Patients with Schizophrenia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3417
Author(s):  
Pamela Ruiz-Castañeda ◽  
María Teresa Daza-González ◽  
Encarnación Santiago-Molina
Keyword(s):  
Social Functioning ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Course ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Behavioral Syndromes ◽  
Behavioral Syndrome ◽  
Behavioral Alterations ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Dorsolateral Prefrontal ◽  
Behavior Scale

The present study had three main aims: (1) to explore the possible relationships between the two dimensions of negative symptoms (NS) with the three frontal behavioral syndromes (dorsolateral, orbitofrontal and the anterior or mesial cingulate circuit) in patients with schizophrenia; (2) to determine the influence of sociodemographic and clinical variables on the severity of the two dimensions of NS (expressive deficits and disordered relationships/avolition); and (3) to explore the possible relationships between the two dimensions of NS and social functioning. We evaluated a group of 33 patients with schizophrenia with a predominance of NS using the self-reported version of the Frontal System Behavior scale. To quantify the severity of NS, the Assessment of Negative Symptoms (SANS) scale was used. The results revealed that the two dimensions of NS correlate positively with the behavioral syndrome of dorsolateral prefrontal origin. Regarding the influence of sociodemographic and clinical variables, in patients with a long evolution the NS of the expressive deficits dimension were less severe than in patients with a short evolution. A negative correlation was found between the severity of NS of the disordered relationships/avolition dimension and perceived social functioning. Our results show the importance of differentiating between the two dimensions of NS to characterize better their possible frontal etiology and impact on clinical course and social functioning.

scholarly journals Developmental tissue expression and phylogenetic conservation of stathmin, a phosphoprotein associated with cell regulations.

1990 ◽  
Vol 265 (7) ◽  
pp. 3703-3707
Author(s):  
J Koppel ◽  
M C Boutterin ◽  
V Doye ◽  
H Peyro-Saint-Paul ◽  
A Sobel
Keyword(s):  
Tissue Expression ◽  
Phylogenetic Conservation

Personality and behavioral syndromes in two Peromyscus species: presence, lack of state dependence, and lack of association with home range size

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Victoria Underhill ◽  
Gregory G. Pandelis ◽  
Jeremy Papuga ◽  
Anne C. Sabol ◽  
Austin Rife ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Home Range ◽  
State Dependence ◽  
Home Range Size ◽  
Range Size ◽  
Behavioral Syndromes
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