Pollen colour morphs take different paths to fitness

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (4) ◽  
pp. 388-400
Author(s):  
Matthew H. Koski ◽  
Andrea E. Berardi ◽  
Laura F. Galloway
Keyword(s):  
Pollen Colour ◽  
Colour Morphs

scholarly journals All Shades of Shrimp: Preferences of Colour Morphs of a Freshwater Shrimp Neocaridina davidi (Decapoda, Atyidae) for Substrata of Different Colouration

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1071
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Plichta ◽  
Jarosław Kobak ◽  
Rafał Maciaszek ◽  
Tomasz Kakareko
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Niche Breadth ◽  
Habitat Preferences ◽  
Choice Experiments ◽  
Freshwater Shrimp ◽  
Invasive Potential ◽  
Proper Management ◽  
Aquarium Hobby ◽  
Colour Morphs ◽  
Background Pattern

An ornamental freshwater shrimp, Neocaridina davidi, is popular as an aquarium hobby and, therefore, a potentially invasive species. There is a growing need for proper management of this species to determine not only their optimum breeding conditions, but also their ability to colonise novel environments. We tested habitat preferences of colour morphs (brown, red, white) of N. davidi for substratum colour (black, white, grey shades, red) and fine or coarse chess-board patterns to recognise their suitable captivity conditions and predict their distribution after potential release into nature. We conducted laboratory choice experiments (n = 8) with three individuals of the same morph exposed for two hours to a range of backgrounds. Shrimp preferred dark backgrounds over light ones irrespective of their own colouration and its match with the background colour. Moreover, the brown and red morphs, in contrast to the white morph, preferred the coarse background pattern over the finer pattern. This suggests that the presence of dark, uniform substrata (e.g., rocks, macrophytes) will favour N. davidi. Nevertheless, the polymorphism of the species has little effect on its total niche breadth, and thus its invasive potential.

Postautotomy tail movement differs between colour morphs of the red-backed salamander (Plethodon cinereus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 395-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Banan W. Otaibi ◽  
Quincey K. Johnson ◽  
Bradley J. Cosentino
Keyword(s):  
Natural Selection ◽  
Genetic Correlation ◽  
Behavioural Response ◽  
Plethodon Cinereus ◽  
Predation Pressure ◽  
Tail Autotomy ◽  
Tail Movement ◽  
Colour Morphs ◽  
Defensive Mechanism

Striped and unstriped colour morphs of the eastern red-backed salamander,Plethodon cinereus, vary in their pre-attack behavioural response to predators, but it is unknown whether the morphs vary in post-attack strategies. Both morphs employ tail autotomy, a post-attack defensive mechanism enabling an individual to release a portion of their tail to facilitate escape from predation. Postautotomy tail movement diverts attention of a predator away from the individual’s body, so natural selection should favor vigorous tail movement in both colour morphs ofP. cinereus. We compared the degree of postautotomy tail movement between morphs following simulated predation. Striped individuals exhibited substantially longer and faster tail movement than unstriped individuals. Divergence in postautotomy tail movement may be a direct evolved response to variable predation pressure between colour morphs. Alternatively, tail movement may be constrained in the unstriped morph due to a genetic correlation with colouration (e.g., pleiotropy).

scholarly journals Contrasting parasite communities among allopatric colour morphs of the Lake Tanganyika cichlid Tropheus

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joost AM Raeymaekers ◽  
Pascal I Hablützel ◽  
Arnout F Grégoir ◽  
Jolien Bamps ◽  
Anna K Roose ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lake Tanganyika ◽  
Parasite Communities ◽  
Colour Morphs

A review of the Indian species of Apochinomma Pavesi, 1881 and Corinnomma Karsch, 1880, synonymy of Castianeira quadrimaculata Reimoser, 1934, and a catalogue of the Indian corinnid fauna (Arachnida: Araneae)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5072 (6) ◽  
pp. 541-559
Author(s):  
PRADEEP M. SANKARAN
Keyword(s):  
Junior Synonym ◽  
Type Material ◽  
Indian Species ◽  
Colour Morphs

Indian species of the genera Apochinomma Pavesi, 1881 and Corinnomma Karsch, 1880 are reviewed. Corinnomma rufofuscum Reimoser, 1934 syn. nov. is synonymised with A. nitidum (Thorell, 1895). Redescriptions of A. nitidum and C. severum (Thorell, 1877) are provided, and two colour morphs (brown and black) of A. nitidum are illustrated. Supplementary descriptions for A. dolosum Simon, 1897 and C. comulatum Thorell, 1891 are provided. The species Castianeira quadrimaculata Reimoser, 1934 syn. nov. is recognised as a junior synonym of Coenoptychus pulcher Simon, 1885. Images of all the examined type material are provided and a catalogue of Indian corinnid species is presented.  

scholarly journals Differential Bird Responses to Colour Morphs of an Aposematic Leaf Beetle may Affect Variation in Morph Frequencies in Polymorphic Prey Populations

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucia Doktorovová ◽  
Alice Exnerová ◽  
Kateřina Hotová Svádová ◽  
Pavel Štys ◽  
Dana Adamová-Ježová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Beetle ◽  
Colour Morphs ◽  
Prey Populations

Assortative mating preferences between colour morphs of the endemic Lake Tanganyika cichlid genus Tropheus

Hydrobiologia ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 615 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernd Egger ◽  
Beate Obermüller ◽  
Eva Eigner ◽  
Christian Sturmbauer ◽  
Kristina M. Sefc
Keyword(s):  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Lake Tanganyika ◽  
Mating Preferences ◽  
Colour Morphs

ON CONIFEROPHAGOUS SPECIES OF CHORISTONEURA (LEPIDOPTERA: TORTRICIDAE) IN NORTH AMERICA: III. SOME CHARACTERS OF IMMATURE FORMS HELPFUL IN THE IDENTIFICATION OF SPECIES

1967 ◽  
Vol 99 (5) ◽  
pp. 464-481 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. T. Harvey ◽  
G. Stehr
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
Taxonomic Group ◽  
Single Individual ◽  
Interspecific Relationships ◽  
Identification Of Species ◽  
Colour Morphs

AbstractPigmentation of heads and prothoracic shields of last-instar larvae, colour of pupae, and frequencies of haemolymph colour morphs in fresh pupae are used to support the taxonomic differentiation of the following members of the genus Choristoneura: fumiferana, biennis, orae, occidentalis, viridis, subretiniana, pinus pinus, p. maritima, and lambertiana. These characters are statistical in nature and not competent to relate a single individual unequivocally to a taxonomic group; nevertheless, a key is developed to assist identification of populations on the basis of the characters described. Interspecific relationships within the genus are considered.

scholarly journals Acclimatization of symbiotic corals to mesophotic light environments through wavelength transformation by fluorescent protein pigments

2017 ◽  
Vol 284 (1858) ◽  
pp. 20170320 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward G. Smith ◽  
Cecilia D'Angelo ◽  
Yoni Sharon ◽  
Dan Tchernov ◽  
Joerg Wiedenmann
Keyword(s):  
Fluorescent Protein ◽  
Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Environmental Gradients ◽  
Red Light ◽  
Spectral Composition ◽  
Light Environment ◽  
Homogeneous Distribution ◽  
Red Fluorescent Proteins ◽  
Ecological Importance ◽  
Colour Morphs

The depth distribution of reef-building corals exposes their photosynthetic symbionts of the genus Symbiodinium to extreme gradients in the intensity and spectral quality of the ambient light environment. Characterizing the mechanisms used by the coral holobiont to respond to the low intensity and reduced spectral composition of the light environment in deeper reefs (greater than 20 m) is fundamental to our understanding of the functioning and structure of reefs across depth gradients. Here, we demonstrate that host pigments, specifically photoconvertible red fluorescent proteins (pcRFPs), can promote coral adaptation/acclimatization to deeper-water light environments by transforming the prevalent blue light into orange-red light, which can penetrate deeper within zooxanthellae-containing tissues; this facilitates a more homogeneous distribution of photons across symbiont communities. The ecological importance of pcRFPs in deeper reefs is supported by the increasing proportion of red fluorescent corals with depth (measured down to 45 m) and increased survival of colour morphs with strong expression of pcRFPs in long-term light manipulation experiments. In addition to screening by host pigments from high light intensities in shallow water, the spectral transformation observed in deeper-water corals highlights the importance of GFP-like protein expression as an ecological mechanism to support the functioning of the coral– Symbiodinium association across steep environmental gradients.

Conspecifics of the Striped Lava Lizard are able to distinguish sex and male colour morphs in apparently homogeneous dull dorsal colouration

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andre C. Bruinjé ◽  
Mauricio O. Moura ◽  
Bruno S. Maggi ◽  
Vinicius A. São-Pedro ◽  
Daniel M.A. Pessoa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Region ◽  
Body Parts ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Intraspecific Interactions ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Animal Colouration ◽  
Colour Morphs ◽  
Lava Lizard ◽  
Uv Reflection ◽  
Colour Classes

Abstract Animal colouration plays a key role in inter and intraspecific interactions, pre-eminently in mate signalling. When multiple types of colouration occur within sexes it is possible that they show alternative reproductive strategies. In lizards, most colouration studies do not incorporate how colour is perceived by conspecifics. Here, we used unbiased colour analysis methods (spectrophotometry and visual modelling) to test for sexual dimorphism and within male dichromatism in the Striped Lava Lizard. We found that males express two distinct colourations that are different from females in several dorsal and ventral body regions. Our results showed UV reflection at the throat, an important body region for signalling. Ventral patches, the coloured badge seen in adult males of Tropidurus spp., have two distinct colour classes within males (Y and B males). Morphs are best discriminated by blue and yellow chroma, and brightness. Body size had little influence on colouration, suggesting that colour may be linked to inheritance rather than growth. Our study clearly shows sexual dichromatism and the existence of colour morphs in this species. Moreover, morph differences in colouration are perceptible by conspecifics. These differences are not only between ventral patches, but also in other body parts such as the dorsum, previously considered as cryptic by human observers. We suggest that colouration at the ventral patches and throat might play a role in intraspecific interactions. Patches increase colour intensity during breeding season and are likely to be costly by pigment-based expression, whereas throat’s UV reflection might have a cost infringed by conspicuousness.

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