scholarly journals Pollination, mating and reproductive fitness in a plant population with bimodal floral-tube length

2016 ◽  
Vol 29 (8) ◽  
pp. 1631-1642 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Anderson ◽  
A. Pauw ◽  
W. W. Cole ◽  
S. C. H. Barrett
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Fitness ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Floral Tube

scholarly journals Diurnal hawk moth pollination of Melampyrum koreanum (Orobanchaceae) and the origin of this endemic Korean species

Phytotaxa ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 172 (1) ◽  
pp. 31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sangjin Jo ◽  
Dong-Keun Yi ◽  
Ki-Joong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Host Plant ◽  
Pinus Thunbergii ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Pollination Syndrome ◽  
Endemic Plant ◽  
Floral Tube ◽  
Hawk Moth ◽  
Moth Pollination ◽  
Conservation Plan ◽  
Strong Candidate

Melampyrum koreanum (Orobanchaceae) was described recently as an endemic species in Korea. This study examined the distribution range, relationship with the host plant, flower developmental pattern, pollinator, pollination mechanism, and seed development of M. koreanum (Orobanchaceae) on the island of Somaemul-do, Korea. M. koreanum is hemiparasitic and a strong candidate for its host plant is Pinus thunbergii, with which it is distributed sympatrically. The flower of M. koreanum represents a typical hawk moth pollination syndrome. Macroglossum pyrrhostictum Butler (Sphingidae, Lepidoptera), a diurnal hawk moth, is the only efficient pollinator. The proboscis length of M. pyrrhostictum and the floral tube length of M. koreanum are well coordinated, and the positions of the anther and stigma of M. koreanum are mechanically conformed to hawk moth pollination. The results suggest that adaptation to the pollinator is the main factor that has affected the evolution of the longer floral tube of M. koreanum compare to other species. Pollinator conservation in the native range of M. koreanum is an important issue for the conservation of endemic plant species, and it is necessary to establish a conservation plan for the host plant, Pinus thunbergii, as well as M. koreanum.

Intraspecific divergence in floral‐tube length promotes asymmetric pollen movement and reproductive isolation

2019 ◽  
Vol 224 (3) ◽  
pp. 1160-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Corneile Minnaar ◽  
Marinus L. de Jager ◽  
Bruce Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Intraspecific Divergence ◽  
Floral Tube ◽  
Pollen Movement

scholarly journals Intraspecific divergence and convergence of floral tube length in specialized pollination interactions

2014 ◽  
Vol 281 (1795) ◽  
pp. 20141420 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Anderson ◽  
P. Ros ◽  
T. J. Wiese ◽  
A. G. Ellis
Keyword(s):  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Floral Morphology ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Tube Length ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Positive Linear Relationship ◽  
Intraspecific Divergence ◽  
Floral Tube ◽  
Adaptive Specialization ◽  
Pollinator Fauna

Floral tubes are often thought to be a consequence of adaptive specialization towards pollinator morphology. We explore floral tube length evolution within Tritoniopsis revoluta (Iridaceae), a species with considerable geographical tube length variation. We ask whether tube lengths of T. revoluta populations are associated with pollinator proboscis lengths, whether floral divergence occurs in the presence of different pollinators and whether floral convergence occurs between distantly related populations pollinated by the same pollinator. Finally, we ask whether tube length evolution is directional. Shifts between morphologically different pollinators were always associated with shifts in floral morphology, even when populations were very closely related. Distantly related populations had similar tube lengths when they were pollinated by the same pollinator. Shifts in tube length tended to be from short to long, although reversals were not infrequent. After correcting for the population-level phylogeny, there was a strong positive, linear relationship between floral tube length and pollinator proboscis length, suggesting that plants are functionally specialized on different pollinators at different sites. However, because tube length evolution in this system can be a bidirectional process, specialization to the local pollinator fauna is unlikely to result in evolutionary or ecological dead-ends such as canalization or range limitation.

Maintenance of sympatric floral tube-length variation in a Cape irid

2011 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
PETRA ROS ◽  
ALLAN G. ELLIS ◽  
BRUCE ANDERSON
Keyword(s):  
Tube Length ◽  
Length Variation ◽  
Floral Tube

PENGARUH POPULASI TANAMAN DAN PENGGUNAAN MULSA TERHADAP POPULASI GULMA DAN HASIL PUCIL JAGUNG MANIS (ZEA MAYS SACCHARATA STURT) DI LAHAN KERING

AGRICA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 124-133
Author(s):  
I Ketut Arsa Wijaya
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Plant Population ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Corn Kernel ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Rice Plants ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Combination Treatments ◽  
Randomized Block Design

This study was conducted in Balai Benih Induk (BBI) Luwus, Baturiti District, Tabanan Regency, with the high of place 506m above sea level occurring in March to May 2014. This research used randomized block design arranged per factor, namely population of plants (P) including three steps: P1=80.000 plants per hectare, P2= 100.00 plants per hectare, P3= 120.000 per hectare; and mulch (M) that include: M0= without mulch and without cleaning, M1= without mulch with clean weeding, M2= rice plants straw mulch (5 ton per hectare) and M3= black silver plastic mulch. Eventually, there were 12 combination treatments, each of which was repeated 3 times to obtain 36 land slots. The research indicates that there was no real interaction between the treatment of plant population and mulch usage in all variables observed. The 100.000 plant population per hectare can produce the weight of dry and fresh oven corn kernel without highest cornhusk that was to say 4.79 tons and 0.53 tons or 11.66 % and 20.45% higher compared to 120.000 plant population per hectare. The use of black silver plastic and rice plants straw mulch can produce the weight of fresh and dry oven corn kernel without cornhusk per hectare each of which is 4.69 tons, 4.57 tons, and 0.54 tons, 0.47 tons or 26.76%, 38.46 %, and 23.51 %, 20.51 % higher than without mulch and without clean weeding. Clean weeding treatment can produce the weight of fresh and dry oven corn kernel without cornhusk per hectare with its weight of 4.63 tons and 0.51 tons or 25.35 % and 35.90 % higher than without mulch and cleaning. Clean weeding treatment was not obviously different from mulch treatment. The identification of weed types were 19 kinds of weeds and Cyperus rotundus L. Weeds. They have the highest density and each absolute frequent of 1249.333 stems m-2 and 1.00.

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