scholarly journals Speciation in ninespine stickleback: reproductive isolation and phenotypic divergence among cryptic species of Japanese ninespine stickleback

2013 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1417-1430 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ishikawa ◽  
N. Takeuchi ◽  
M. Kusakabe ◽  
M. Kume ◽  
S. Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Phenotypic Divergence ◽  
Ninespine Stickleback

Reproductive Isolation among Sympatric Cryptic Species in Marine Diatoms

Protist ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 158 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
A AMATO ◽  
W KOOISTRA ◽  
J LEVIALDIGHIRON ◽  
D MANN ◽  
T PROSCHOLD ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Marine Diatoms

scholarly journals Diversification and reproductive isolation: cryptic species in the only New World high-duty cycle bat, Pteronotus parnellii

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth L Clare ◽  
Amanda M Adams ◽  
Aline Z Maya-Simões ◽  
Judith L Eger ◽  
Paul DN Hebert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Duty Cycle ◽  
New World ◽  
High Duty Cycle ◽  
Pteronotus Parnellii

scholarly journals Neural Basis of Acoustic Species Recognition in a Cryptic Species Complex

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saumya Gupta ◽  
Rishi K. Alluri ◽  
Gary J. Rose ◽  
Mark A. Bee
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Temporal Processing ◽  
Species Recognition ◽  
Species Difference ◽  
Mechanistic Explanation ◽  
Pulse Number ◽  
Neural Basis ◽  
Cryptic Species Complex ◽  
Species Specific

Sexual traits that promote species recognition are important drivers of reproductive isolation, especially among closely related species. Identifying neural processes that shape species differences in recognition is crucial for understanding the causal mechanisms of reproductive isolation. Temporal patterns are salient features of sexual signals widely used in species recognition by several taxa, including anurans. Recent advances in our understanding of temporal processing by the anuran auditory system provide an opportunity to investigate the neural basis of species-specific recognition. The anuran inferior colliculus (IC) consists of neurons that are selective for temporal features of calls. Of potential relevance are auditory neurons known as interval-counting neurons (ICNs) that are often selective for the pulse rate of conspecific advertisement calls. Here, we tested the hypothesis that ICNs mediate acoustic species recognition by exploiting the known differences in temporal selectivity in two cryptic species of gray treefrog (Hyla chrysoscelis and Hyla versicolor). We examined the extent to which the threshold number of pulses required to elicit behavioral responses from females and neural responses from ICNs was similar within each species but potentially different between the two species. In support of our hypothesis, we found that a species difference in behavioral pulse number thresholds closely matched the species difference in neural pulse number thresholds. However, this relationship held only for ICNs that exhibited band-pass tuning for conspecific pulse rates. Together, these findings suggest that differences in temporal processing of a subset of ICNs provide a mechanistic explanation for reproductive isolation between two cryptic treefrog species.

scholarly journals Cryptic species diversity and reproductive isolation among sympatric lineages of Strongylocentrotus sea urchins in the northwest Atlantic

FACETS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jason A. Addison ◽  
Jin-Hong Kim
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Sea Urchins ◽  
Incomplete Lineage Sorting ◽  
Strongylocentrotus Droebachiensis ◽  
Population Substructure ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Lineage Sorting ◽  
Genetic Studies ◽  
Coi Sequences

Distinguishing between intra- and inter-specific variation in genetic studies is critical to understanding evolution because the mechanisms driving change among populations are expected to be different than those that shape reproductive isolation among lineages. Genetic studies of north Atlantic green sea urchins Strongylocentrotus droebachiensis (Müller, 1776) have detected significant population substructure and asymmetric gene flow from Europe to Atlantic Canada and interspecific hybridization between S. droebachiensis and Strongylocentrotus pallidus (Sars, 1871). However, combined with patterns of divergence at mtDNA sequences, morphological divergence at gamete traits suggests that the European and North American lineages of S. droebachiensis may be cryptic species. Here, we use a combination of cytochrome c oxidase subunit I ( COI) sequences and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) to test for cryptic species within Strongylocentrotus sea urchins and hybrids between S. droebachiensis and S. pallidus populations. We detect striking patterns of habitat and reproductive isolation between two S. droebachiensis lineages, with offshore deep-water collections consisting of S. pallidus in addition to a cryptic lineage sharing genetic similarity with previously published sequences from eastern Atlantic S. droebachiensis. We detected only limited hybridization among all three lineages of sea urchins, suggesting that shared genetic differences previously reported may be a result of historical introgression or incomplete lineage sorting.

Genomic, chromosomal, and ecological differentiation between the cryptic Eurasian malaria vector-species Anopheles messeae and Anopheles daciae

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anastasia N. Naumenko ◽  
Dmitriy A. Karagodin ◽  
Andrey A. Yurchenko ◽  
Anton V. Moskaev ◽  
Olga I. Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
X Chromosome ◽  
Malaria Vector ◽  
Genomic Sequence ◽  
Wide Distribution ◽  
Its2 Sequence ◽  
Genetic Introgression ◽  
Nucleotide Substitutions ◽  
Ecological Differentiation

Abstract Background A dominant malaria vector, Anopheles messeae, is a highly polymorphic species with wide distribution throughout Eurasia. Five highly polymorphic inversions associated with the geographical distribution of the species have been reported. A sister species, An. daciae, was described and discriminated from An. messeae based on five fixed nucleotide substitutions in the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) of ribosomal DNA. However, the levels of genomic divergence, chromosomal variation, and ecological differentiation between these two cryptic species remain unexplored. Results In this study, we sequenced ITS2 and analyzed the inversion frequencies of 289 Anopheles larvae specimens collected from three locations in the Moscow region. We identified a high abundance of both An. messeae and An. daciae in all three locations. Five individual genomes for each species of An. messeae and An. daciae from one location were sequenced. Our study confirmed five previously described nucleotide substitutions in the ITS2 of An. messeae. However, we found that the ITS2 sequence in An. daciae was heterogenic in three of the five positions. Fixed nucleotide differences between An. messeae and An. daciae were found only in the last two positions. One mosquito was identified as a hybrid between An. messeae and An. daciae based on heterogeneous substitutions in all five positions. Although, the genomic sequence comparison demonstrated genome-wide divergence between the two species, which is especially pronounced on the X chromosome, an ADMIXTURE cluster analysis demonstrated the presence of two admixed individuals suggesting ongoing hybridization. Cytogenetic analysis demonstrated that An. messeae and An. daciae significantly differ from each other by their frequency of polymorphic inversions. Inversion X1 was fixed in An. messeae but was polymorphic in all An. daciae populations. The frequency of polymorphic autosomal inversions was higher in An. messeae than in An. daciae. The species composition was different among the studied locations suggesting species-specific ecological preferences. Conclusions Our study demonstrated that An. messeae and An. daciae represent closely related cryptic species with incomplete reproductive isolation that are able to maintain genomic differentiation in sympatry despite ongoing genetic introgression. The X chromosome plays an important role in the reproductive isolation between the species.

Assortative mating and divergent male courtship behaviours between two cryptic species of nine-spined sticklebacks (genus Pungitius)

Behaviour ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 153 (15) ◽  
pp. 1879-1911 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu-ichiro Meguro ◽  
Hiroshi Takahashi ◽  
Yoshiyasu Machida ◽  
Hokuto Shirakawa ◽  
Michelle R. Gaither ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Isolation ◽  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Assortative Mating ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
Courtship Behaviour ◽  
Water Type ◽  
Male Courtship ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Kinematic Analyses

Assortative mating based on ecologically divergent traits is a major driver of speciation among three-spined sticklebacks, however, little is known about reproductive isolation and variations in courtship behaviour among nine-spined sticklebacks. Here we demonstrate assortative mating and divergent courtship behaviours between two cryptic species of nine-spined sticklebacks using no-choice mate trials and kinematic analyses. Strong assortative mating was demonstrated in our tank experiments, highlighting the importance of prezygotic reproductive isolation in these species. Kinematic analyses showed that the freshwater type exhibited aggressive courtship behaviour with frequent ‘Attacking’ and spent more time exhibiting displacement activities. In contrast, the brackish-water type demonstrated a higher frequency of the ‘Zigzag-dance’ and ‘Nest-showing’. Our study highlights the value of nine-spined sticklebacks as a comparative system for the study of speciation and paves the way for future studies on the role of courtship behaviours and assortative mating in the evolution of sticklebacks.

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