scholarly journals Police contacts, arrests and decreasing self‐control and personal responsibility among female adolescents

2018 ◽  
Vol 59 (12) ◽  
pp. 1252-1260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alison E. Hipwell ◽  
Joseph Beeney ◽  
Feifei Ye ◽  
Sabrina H. Gebreselassie ◽  
Madeline R. Stalter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Police Contacts

Low Self-Control, Parental Intervention, and Delinquency Among Native American Youth

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 379-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunin Baek ◽  
Jason A. Nicholson ◽  
George E. Higgins
Keyword(s):  
Native American ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Parental Intervention ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Low Self Control

Researchers in criminal justice literature have relatively underexamined the delinquency among Native American (NA) youth. Using data from the Drug Use Among Young Indians: Epidemiology and Prediction study, the present study tested assumptions in Gottfredson and Hirschi’s self-control theory. This study found evidence supporting the theory. Low self-control was a significant predictor to NA adolescents’ delinquency. However, parental intervention as an opportunity measure and it was not a mediation between low self-control and delinquency. Moreover, while parental intervention significantly decreased delinquency by female adolescents, parental intervention significantly increased delinquency by male adolescents. In addition, the mediation effect in structural equation modeling for males occurred; in contrast, the effect in the female model did not happen. On the other hand, low self-control was still the crucial predictor to adolescents’ delinquency across gender. Thus, future studies will need to account for the etiology of NA adolescents’ delinquency across gender using different approaches.

Evaluation of Attributional Change in a Relapse Prevention Program for Child Molesters

1995 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 127-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jillian Larsen ◽  
Stephen M. Hudson ◽  
Tony Ward
Keyword(s):  
Relapse Prevention ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Child Molesters ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Causal Beliefs ◽  
Cognitive Behavioural ◽  
Offending Behaviour ◽  
Interim Measure

Relapse prevention is a multimodal, cognitive-behavioural approach to treating, among other types of clients, child molesters. Rather than positing a cure as the outcome of treatment, it emphasises self-management and personal responsibility for avoiding or coping with situations that threaten self-control. The motivation to use these self-control strategies is likely to vary according to beliefs about the causes of their offending behaviour, particularly as a function of the degree to which they are seen as controllable. Fifteen child molesters, classified as preferential or situational type, and familial or nonfamilial, from the Kia Marama unit at Rolleston Prison reported on their causal beliefs concerning their offence-related behaviour at four points in their description of their most typical or recent relapse. This assessment was carried out at four points in the 35-week relapse-prevention based treatment program.All participants made clinically positive changes in their causal ascriptions over treatment. Preferential participants judged the cause of their offending to be less controllable, and more stable at the time of offence, and more global than situational offenders. Compared with non-familial participants, incestuous participants evaluated the cause of their offending to be less stable at the time of their offence and less global across all the assessment points. The results are discussed in terms of the utility of attributional assessment as an interim measure of progress, particularly with respect to motivation to avoid reoffending.

scholarly journals Interaction of Impulsivity, Attention, and Intelligence in Early Adolescents Born Preterm without Sequelae

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9043
Author(s):  
Rocío Galán-Megías ◽  
María Dolores Lanzarote-Fernández ◽  
Javier Casanovas-Lax ◽  
Eva María Padilla-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Cognitive Control ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Impulse Control ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Insufficient Evidence ◽  
Normal Range ◽  
Attention Skills

There is insufficient evidence on the intellectual and attentional profile of adolescents born prematurely. Aim: to identify maladjustment in intellectual and attention skills at the beginning of secondary school. Method: 69 premature 12-year-old adolescents were evaluated with the WISC, d2 Test of Attention, and Test of Perception of Differences-Revised (CARAS-R). Results: adolescents present intellectual and attention abilities in the normal range. However, all premature adolescents show difficulties in impulse control and female adolescents are better in processing speed. Depending on the category of prematurity, differences in attention skills are evident. Conclusion: adolescents born prematurely without associated sequelae have significantly lower performance in the same areas than the normative group. This could affect the cognitive control of their behavior and academic performance in the medium and long term. Great prematurity could interfere with attention skills and self-control even at the age of 12, especially in males.

Aggressive Perpetration and Victimization Among Polish Male and Female Adolescents: The Role of Attachment to Parents and Self-Control

2018 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian-Bin Li ◽  
Hanna Liberska ◽  
Silvia Salcuni ◽  
Elisa Delvecchio
Keyword(s):  
General Theory ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
General Theory Of Crime ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Theory Of Crime ◽  
Attachment To Father ◽  
Attachment To Mother

Aggressive perpetration and victimization are a salient problem among Polish adolescents. Based on the general theory of crime, this study explored the associations between attachment to parents and self-control with perpetration and victimization among Polish adolescents ( N = 355, 146 boys and 209 girls). Results showed that (a) secure attachment to father related to less perpetration and victimization among boys and girls, whereas secure attachment to mother associated with less perpetration and victimization among girls; (b) secure attachment to father was related to better self-control for boys and girls; and (c) self-control related to reduced victimization and mediated the “attachment to father—victimization” association among girls. These findings suggest that generalizability of the general theory of crime in Polish adolescents is limited.

scholarly journals Addictive Buying: Causes, Processes, and Symbolic Meanings. Thematic Analysis of a Buying Addict's Diary

2007 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 408-422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene García Ureta
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Family Relationships ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Material Objects ◽  
Symbolic Meanings ◽  
Moral Model ◽  
The One ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The aims of this study were twofold. On the one hand, to reach an understanding of, and to illustrate the experience of addictive buying and, on the other, to throw some light on the controversial subject of addicts' personal responsibility for their behavior. With these aims, a thematic analysis of an extensive diary written by a compulsive buyer is presented. Four themes emerge from the analysis: the defining characteristics of addiction to buying that determine the boundary separating it from other forms of impulsive or careless buying; several causal factors; the role that money and material objects play in family relationships and friendships through the symbolic meanings they adopt; and the relationship of personal values with impulsiveness and self-control. In view of the results, the moral model of addiction to buying is discussed, and an explanatory model of the ambivalence that is characteristic of addiction to buying is proposed, based on a personal hierarchy of values.

scholarly journals Trait Emotional Intelligence and School Burnout Discriminate Between High and Low Alexithymic Profiles: A Study With Female Adolescents

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleonora Farina ◽  
Alessandro Pepe ◽  
Veronica Ornaghi ◽  
Valeria Cavioni
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Statistical Power ◽  
Emotional Awareness ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
School Burnout

Alexithymic traits, which entail finding it difficult to recognize and describe one’s own emotions, are linked with poor trait emotional intelligence (TEI) and difficulties in identifying and managing stressors. There is evidence that alexithymia may have detrimental consequences for wellbeing and health, beginning in adolescence. In this cross-sectional study, we investigated the prevalence and incidence of alexithymia in teenage girls, testing the statistical power of TEI and student burnout to discriminate between high- and low-alexithymic subjects. A sample of 884 female high school students (mean age 16.2 years, age range 14–19) attending three Italian academic-track high schools (social sciences and humanities curriculum) completed self-report measures of alexithymia, school burnout, and TEI. Main descriptive statistics and correlational analysis preceded the discriminant analysis. The mean alexithymia scores suggest a high prevalence of alexithymia in female adolescents; as expected, this trait was negatively correlated with TEI and positively associated with school burnout. Participants with high vs. low alexithymia profiles were discriminated by a combination of TEI and burnout scores. High scores for the emotionality and self-control dimensions of TEI were strongly associated with membership of the low alexithymia group; high scores for the emotional exhaustion dimension of school burnout were indicative of membership of the high alexithymia group. These findings suggest crucial focuses for educational intervention: efforts to reduce the risk of emotional exhaustion and school burnout should especially concentrate on enhancing emotional awareness and self-control skills, both strongly associated with low levels of alexithymia.

Gothic for Girls

2019 ◽  
pp. 246-263
Author(s):  
Julia Round
Keyword(s):  
Children's Literature ◽  
Fairy Tales ◽  
Fairy Tale ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Children’S Literature ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Female Gothic ◽  
Female Protagonist ◽  
Definition Of

This chapter uses the previous analyses to construct the conventions of the ‘Gothic for Girls’ subgenre and reflect on its development and position within children’s literature. It surveys existing work on childhood and Gothic, with a particular focus on the fairy tale and the cautionary tale as subgenres of children’s literature. It argues that Misty combines Female Gothic tropes with fairy tale markers to create stories that bring together adult and child concerns. The chapter concludes by relating Misty to some contemporary dark fairy tales and offering a working definition of Gothic for Girls. Elements include an isolated or trapped female protagonist in an abstracted world that juxtaposes the mundane and supernatural, a narrative awakening to magical potential that is often driven by fear and particularly terror, the use of feminine symbols and fairy tale sins as catalysts, and the weight placed on personal responsibility and self-control or self-acceptance.

The Reciprocal Effects of Both Responsibility and Motivation in Foreign Language Learning Process: a Comparative Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Lokman Coşkun
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Foreign Language Learning ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Reciprocal Relations ◽  
High Level

This study aims to analyze the significance of personal responsibility and its positive benefits and also its relations with motivation in foreign language learning environment. Particularly, responsibility enhances motivation and benefits from values and capabilities, since they are considered as central to what it means to learn in the life. In accordance with it, each individual has freedom how to consider his/her choices, behaviors, and actions in the life as well. The study on personal responsibilities and motivation were taken into account to demonstrate how these two features of foreign language learning process can help students take control of their own learning in order to become self-regulated learners. In this regard, self-regulated learning/learner (SRL) model based on social cognitive, cyclical, triadic, and multi-level models by Zimmerman (2001, 2002, 2008, 2011 - 2013) shed lights to explain the details of this article in terms of foreign language learning and the benefits of those models were added in the conclusion. The features of personal responsibility, motivation, cognition, and individual differences (capabilities) were presented in details in order to find out their reciprocal relations, which cause positive outcomes in learning process. Instructional approach was used to compare both responsibility - motivation also their reciprocal relations. As limitation, the study does not include any questionnaire and interview, only the first data, secondary data and the researcher’s individual views were used to explain the study. The study reveals that responsibility not only makes the ways for high level motivation also creates a positive atmosphere for both instructors and students in terms of fruitful outcomes. Actually, responsibilities cause the particular person to benefit from his/her available abilities through self-control and self-regulation.

“There’s No Sense to It”: A Posthumanist Ethnography of Agency in Methamphetamine Recovery

2021 ◽  
pp. 009145092110316
Author(s):  
Samuel Brookfield ◽  
Linda Selvey ◽  
Lisa Maher ◽  
Lisa Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Qualitative Interviews ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Self Control ◽  
People Who Use Drugs ◽  
Addiction Recovery ◽  
Methamphetamine Use ◽  
Intentional Behavior ◽  
Normal Behavior ◽  
Cultural Constructions

The orthodox construction of agency within addiction recovery discourse is built upon a fault line between two conflicting principles: that people who use drugs in harmful ways cannot control their behavior, but that they can also regain that control through intentional effort. The conceptual confusion inherent in this framework can harm people using drugs by producing inadequate accounts of commonly invoked aspects of recovery such as “triggers,” “self-control,” and “addictive behavior.” This ethnographic study involved qualitative interviews and observations with nine people over 6 months as they engaged in recovery from harmful methamphetamine use, to explore their experiences of agency, and how these experiences could be shaped by the discourse of volition/compulsion. Thematic analysis was conducted using a posthumanist theoretical framework. We found “relapse triggers” to be diffuse aspects of particular environments rather than specific stimuli, able to provoke what would normally be considered conscious, intentional behavior rather than only autonomic or “mindless” processes. Participants also described their identities as internally divided and multiple, with drug related behaviors separated from their true selves. Finally, agency was experienced as emergent and distributed rather than as a particular resource located within individuals. Attending to these complex experiences of agency can help resolve the tension between loss of control and personal responsibility for people who use drugs, by renegotiating the historically imposed categorical distinction between volitional and compelled actions, and the cultural constructions of “addictive” versus “normal” behavior.

scholarly journals Financial Behaviour and Retirement Planning in Kenya, Assessing the Role of Self-Control Bias

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (23) ◽  
pp. 348
Author(s):  
Cynthia Stella Waga ◽  
Florence Memba ◽  
Jane Muriithi
Keyword(s):  
Financial Distress ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Financial Education ◽  
Retirement Planning ◽  
Self Control ◽  
Financial Behavior ◽  
Pension Scheme ◽  
Defined Contribution ◽  
Cross Sectional

The shift towards defined contribution schemes is forcing employees to take personal responsibility for securing their future through intentional retirement savings. Financial behavior may have a significant bearing on whether employees meet their contributory retirement obligations while avoiding financial distress. Utilising a cross-sectional research design and data from pension scheme members in Kenya, the study evaluates the interaction of self-control bias. The binary logistic regression results showed that financially disciplined individuals are 1.634 times more likely to plan comprehensively for their retirement, while the interaction results suggest that individuals with self-control bias are 0.502 times less likely to be comprehensive retirement planners even if they are already financially disciplined. The findings imply that financial discipline coupled with selfcontrol is necessary for retirement planning. The use of behavioral change interventions is recommended in financial education initiatives in order to inculcate both desirable financial behavior and self-control attributes in planning for retirement.

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