scholarly journals Examining the phenotypic heterogeneity of early autism spectrum disorder: subtypes and short-term outcomes

2015 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
So Hyun Kim ◽  
Suzanne Macari ◽  
Judah Koller ◽  
Katarzyna Chawarska
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Phenotypic Heterogeneity ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Short Term

scholarly journals Application of Skeleton Data and Long Short-Term Memory in Action Recognition of Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Sensors ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Yunkai Zhang ◽  
Yinghong Tian ◽  
Pingyi Wu ◽  
Dongfan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Action Recognition ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
The Neural Network ◽  
Long Short Term Memory

The recognition of stereotyped action is one of the core diagnostic criteria of Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). However, it mainly relies on parent interviews and clinical observations, which lead to a long diagnosis cycle and prevents the ASD children from timely treatment. To speed up the recognition process of stereotyped actions, a method based on skeleton data and Long Short-Term Memory (LSTM) is proposed in this paper. In the first stage of our method, the OpenPose algorithm is used to obtain the initial skeleton data from the video of ASD children. Furthermore, four denoising methods are proposed to eliminate the noise of the initial skeleton data. In the second stage, we track multiple ASD children in the same scene by matching distance between current skeletons and previous skeletons. In the last stage, the neural network based on LSTM is proposed to classify the ASD children’s actions. The performed experiments show that our proposed method is effective for ASD children’s action recognition. Compared to the previous traditional schemes, our scheme has higher accuracy and is almost non-invasive for ASD children.

scholarly journals Nonverbal short-term serial order memory in autism spectrum disorder.

2016 ◽  
Vol 125 (7) ◽  
pp. 886-893 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dermot M. Bowler ◽  
Marie Poirier ◽  
Jonathan S. Martin ◽  
Sebastian B. Gaigg
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Serial Order ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Serial Order Memory

scholarly journals A Temporal Activity of CA1 Neurons Underlying Short-Term Memory for Social Recognition Altered in PTEN Mouse Models of Autism Spectrum Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
An-Ping Chai ◽  
Xue-Feng Chen ◽  
Xiao-Shan Xu ◽  
Na Zhang ◽  
Meng Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Social Recognition ◽  
Neuronal Firing ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Long Term Memory ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory ◽  
Ca1 Neurons

Memory-guided social recognition identifies someone from previous encounters or experiences, but the mechanisms of social memory remain unclear. Here, we find that a short-term memory from experiencing a stranger mouse lasting under 30 min interval is essential for subsequent social recognition in mice, but that interval prolonged to hours by replacing the stranger mouse with a familiar littermate. Optogenetic silencing of dorsal CA1 neuronal activity during trials or inter-trial intervals disrupted short-term memory-guided social recognition, without affecting the ability of being sociable or long-term memory-guided social recognition. Postnatal knockdown or knockout of autism spectrum disorder (ASD)-associated phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) gene in dorsal hippocampal CA1 similarly impaired neuronal firing rate in vitro and altered firing pattern during social recognition. These PTEN mice showed deficits in social recognition with stranger mouse rather than littermate and exhibited impairment in T-maze spontaneous alternation task for testing short-term spatial memory. Thus, we suggest that a temporal activity of dorsal CA1 neurons may underlie formation of short-term memory to be critical for organizing subsequent social recognition but that is possibly disrupted in ASD.

scholarly journals Inner speech is used to mediate short-term memory, but not planning, among intellectually high-functioning adults with autism spectrum disorder

2012 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 225-239 ◽  
Author(s):  
David M. Williams ◽  
Dermot M. Bowler ◽  
Christopher Jarrold
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Articulatory Suppression ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Recall Performance ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Inner Speech ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Order Problem ◽  
Term Memory

AbstractEvidence regarding the use of inner speech by individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is equivocal. To clarify this issue, the current study employed multiple techniques and tasks used across several previous studies. In Experiment 1, participants with and without ASD showed highly similar patterns and levels of serial recall for visually presented stimuli. Both groups were significantly affected by the phonological similarity of items to be recalled, indicating that visual material was spontaneously recoded into a verbal form. Confirming that short-term memory is typically verbally mediated among the majority of people with ASD, recall performance among both groups declined substantially when inner speech use was prevented by the imposition of articulatory suppression during the presentation of stimuli. In Experiment 2, planning performance on a tower of London task was substantially detrimentally affected by articulatory suppression among comparison participants, but not among participants with ASD. This suggests that planning is not verbally mediated in ASD. It is important that the extent to which articulatory suppression affected planning among participants with ASD was uniquely associated with the degree of their observed and self-reported communication impairments. This confirms a link between interpersonal communication with others and intrapersonal communication with self as a means of higher order problem solving.

scholarly journals Short-term memory in autism spectrum disorder.

2011 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 247-252 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie Poirier ◽  
Jonathan S. Martin ◽  
Sebastian B. Gaigg ◽  
Dermot M. Bowler
Keyword(s):  
Autism Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Spectrum Disorder ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Term Memory
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