scholarly journals Doxorubicin cardiomyopathy is ameliorated by acacetin via Sirt1‐mediated activation of AMPK/Nrf2 signal molecules

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (20) ◽  
pp. 12141-12153
Author(s):  
Wei‐Yin Wu ◽  
Yu‐Kai Cui ◽  
Yi‐Xiang Hong ◽  
Yun‐Da Li ◽  
Yao Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Doxorubicin Cardiomyopathy

New approach for quantification of signal molecules AI-2 of Campylobacter jejuni

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anja Klančnik ◽  
Iztok Dogša ◽  
Sonja Smole Možina ◽  
Dina Ramić
Keyword(s):  
Campylobacter Jejuni ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
New Approach

Plant Strategies To Control Growth And Development: Integration Of Both Signal Molecules, Auxin And Nitric Oxide

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luz Irina Calderón Villalobos ◽  
María José Iglesias ◽  
María Cecilia Terrile ◽  
Claudia Casalongué
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Growth And Development ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Plant Strategies ◽  
Control Growth

Effect of C6-Volatiles on Bioluminescent Plant Pathogens

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 557d-557
Author(s):  
Jennifer Warr ◽  
Fenny Dane ◽  
Bob Ebel
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Bacterial Growth ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Genetically Engineered ◽  
The Other ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Low Concentrations

C6 volatile compounds are known to be produced by the plant upon pathogen attack or other stress-related events. The biological activity of many of these substances is poorly understood, but some might produce signal molecules important in host–pathogen interactions. In this research we explored the possibility that lipid-derived C6 volatiles have a direct effect on bacterial plant pathogens. To this purpose we used a unique tool, a bacterium genetically engineered to bioluminesce. Light-producing genes from a fish-associated bacterium were introduced into Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, enabling nondestructive detection of bacteria in vitro and in the plant with special computer-assisted camera equipment. The effects of different C6 volatiles (trans-2 hexanal, trans-2 hexen-1-ol and cis-3 hexenol) on growth of bioluminescent Xanthomonas campestris were investigated. Different volatile concentrations were used. Treatment with trans-2 hexanal appeared bactericidal at low concentrations (1% and 10%), while treatments with the other volatiles were not inhibitive to bacterial growth. The implications of these results with respect to practical use of trans-2 hexanal in pathogen susceptible and resistant plants will be discussed.

Neuroinflammation in Demyelinating Diseases: Oxidative Stress as a Modulator of Glial Cross-Talk

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (45) ◽  
pp. 4755-4762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Varas ◽  
Fernando C. Ortiz
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Action Potentials ◽  
Cell Interaction ◽  
Demyelinating Diseases ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Oligodendrocyte Precursor Cells ◽  
Cytokines And Chemokines ◽  
Regulatory Aspect ◽  
Saltatory Conduction ◽  
Oligodendrocyte Precursor

: Myelin is a specialized membrane allowing for saltatory conduction of action potentials in neurons, an essential process to achieve the normal communication across the nervous system. Accordingly, in diseases characterized by the loss of myelin and myelin forming cells -oligodendrocytes in the CNS-, patients show severe neurological disabilities. After a demyelinated insult, microglia, astrocytes and oligodendrocyte precursor cells invade the lesioned area initiating a spontaneous process of myelin repair (i.e. remyelination). A preserved hallmark of this neuroinflammatory scenario is a local increase of oxidative stress, where several cytokines and chemokines are released by glial and other cells. This generates an environment that determines cell interaction resulting in oligodendrocyte maturity and the ability to synthesize new myelin. Herein we review the main features of the regulatory aspect of these molecules based on recent findings and propose new putative signal molecules involved in the remyelination process, focused in the etiology of Multiple Sclerosis, one of the main demyelinating diseases causing disabilities in the population.

Cyclosporine A Suppresses the Malignant Progression of Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma in vitro

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 248-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Gao ◽  
Jianwei Dong ◽  
Nanyang Zhang ◽  
Zhanxian Le ◽  
Wenhao Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Squamous Cell ◽  
Cyclosporine A ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Cox 2

Background:The Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma (OSCC) is one of the most frequent cancer types. Failure of treatment of OSCC is potentially lethal because of local recurrence, regional lymph node metastasis, and distant metastasis. Chemotherapy plays a vital role through suppression of tumorigenesis. Cyclosporine A (CsA), an immunosuppressant drug, has been efficiently used in allograft organ transplant recipients to prevent rejection, and also has been used in a subset of patients with autoimmunity related disorders. The present study aims to investigate novel and effective chemotherapeutic drugs to overcome drug-resistance in the treatment of OSCC.Methods:Cells were incubated in the standard way. Cell viability was assayed using the MTT assay. Cell proliferation was determined using colony formation assay. The cell cycle assay was performed using flow cytometry. Apoptosis was assessed using fluorescence-activated cell sorting after stained by the Annexin V-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC). Cell migration and invasion were analyzed using wound healing assay and tranwell. The effect of COX-2, c-Myc, MMP-9, MMP-2, and NFATc1 protein expression was determined using Western blot analysis while NFATc1 mRNA expression was determined by RT-PCR.Results:In vitro studies indicated that CsA inhibited partial OSCC growth by inducing cell cycle arrest, apoptosis, and the migration and invasion of OSCC cells. We also demonstrated that CsA could inhibit the expression of NFATc1 and its downstream genes COX-2, c-Myc, MMP-9, and MMP-2 in OSCC cells. Furthermore, we analyzed the expression of NFATc1 in head and neck cancer through the Oncomine database. The data was consistent with the experimental findings.Conclusion:The present study initially demonstrated that CsA could inhibit the progression of OSCC cells and can mediate the signal molecules of NFATc1 signaling pathway, which has strong relationship with cancer development. That explains us CsA has potential to explore the possibilities as a novel chemotherapeutic drug for the treatment of OSCC.

Doxorubicin Cardiomyopathy

1978 ◽  
Vol 89 (1) ◽  
pp. 136 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHYAMAL K. SANYAL
Keyword(s):  
Doxorubicin Cardiomyopathy

scholarly journals A Bacterial Tower of Babel: Quorum-Sensing Signaling Diversity and Its Evolution

2020 ◽  
Vol 74 (1) ◽  
pp. 587-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nitzan Aframian ◽  
Avigdor Eldar
Keyword(s):  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Allelic Polymorphism ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Tower Of Babel ◽  
Cognate Receptor ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Family Code ◽  
Bacterial Groups

Quorum sensing is a process in which bacteria secrete and sense a diffusible molecule, thereby enabling bacterial groups to coordinate their behavior in a density-dependent manner. Quorum sensing has evolved multiple times independently, utilizing different molecular pathways and signaling molecules. A common theme among many quorum-sensing families is their wide range of signaling diversity—different variants within a family code for different signal molecules with a cognate receptor specific to each variant. This pattern of vast allelic polymorphism raises several questions—How do different signaling variants interact with one another? How is this diversity maintained? And how did it come to exist in the first place? Here we argue that social interactions between signaling variants can explain the emergence and persistence of signaling diversity throughout evolution. Finally, we extend the discussion to include cases where multiple diverse systems work in concert in a single bacterium.

scholarly journals Juvenile hormone pathway in honey bee larvae: A source of possible signal molecules for the reproductive behavior of Varroa destructor

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristian M. Aurori ◽  
Alexandru‐Ioan Giurgiu ◽  
Benjamin H. Conlon ◽  
Chedly Kastally ◽  
Daniel S. Dezmirean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Juvenile Hormone ◽  
Honey Bee ◽  
Reproductive Behavior ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Honey Bee Larvae

scholarly journals Peptide signaling without feedback in signal production operates as a true quorum sensing communication system in Bacillus subtilis

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Iztok Dogsa ◽  
Mihael Spacapan ◽  
Anna Dragoš ◽  
Tjaša Danevčič ◽  
Žiga Pandur ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Bacillus Subtilis ◽  
Quorum Sensing ◽  
Cell Density ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Communication Systems ◽  
Feedback Loop ◽  
Signal Molecules ◽  
Specific Cell ◽  
Sharp Transition

AbstractBacterial quorum sensing (QS) is based on signal molecules (SM), which increase in concentration with cell density. At critical SM concentration, a variety of adaptive genes sharply change their expression from basic level to maximum level. In general, this sharp transition, a hallmark of true QS, requires an SM dependent positive feedback loop, where SM enhances its own production. Some communication systems, like the peptide SM-based ComQXPA communication system of Bacillus subtilis, do not have this feedback loop and we do not understand how and if the sharp transition in gene expression is achieved. Based on experiments and mathematical modeling, we observed that the SM peptide ComX encodes the information about cell density, specific cell growth rate, and even oxygen concentration, which ensure power-law increase in SM production. This enables together with the cooperative response to SM (ComX) a sharp transition in gene expression level and this without the SM dependent feedback loop. Due to its ultra-sensitive nature, the ComQXPA can operate at SM concentrations that are 100–1000 times lower than typically found in other QS systems, thereby substantially reducing the total metabolic cost of otherwise expensive ComX peptide.

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