scholarly journals Interventricular Septum and Posterior Wall Thickness Are Associated With Higher Systolic Blood Pressure

2015 ◽  
Vol 18 (7) ◽  
pp. 703-706 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noa Eliakim-Raz ◽  
Alex Prokupetz ◽  
Barak Gordon ◽  
Tzippy Shochat ◽  
Alon Grossman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness

Association of sulfur content in erythrocytes with cardiovascular parameters and blood pressure

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Maria Fornal ◽  
Janusz Lekki ◽  
Jarosław Królczyk ◽  
Barbara Wizner ◽  
Tomasz Grodzicki
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Sulfur Content ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Complete Blood Count ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Multivariate Regression Analysis ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness ◽  
Hs Crp ◽  
Lipids Profile

OBJECTIVE: The study aims at assessing the relationship between blood pressure, heart geometry parameters, and the erythrocyte content of sulfur, potassium, chlorine and phosphorus, in a group of patients with laboratory systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP, DBP) below 140 or 90 mm Hg, respectively, who were otherwise healthy and untreated. METHODS: The study group consisted of 42 adults recruited in a primary care setting. The individuals were healthy, not undergoing any therapy and free from smoking. For each individual, data were obtained on: average 24-hour SBP and DBP, left ventricle geometry, complete blood count, lipids profile, fibrinogen, hs-CRP and the erythrocyte concentration of sulfur (S), potassium (K), chlorine (Cl) and phosphorus (P). RESULTS: Multivariate regression analysis showed statistically significant relationships of diastolic posterior wall thickness (PWTd) and relative wall thickness (RWT) with the concentration ratio of sulfur and potassium (S/K) in erythrocytes: PWTd and RWT increase as the S/K ratio increases. Also, SBP was found to be positively correlated with the S/K ratio. CONCLUSIONS: The increase in sulfur content in RBCs could be an indicator of the downregulation of nitric oxide (NO) erythrocyte bioavailability exerted by endogenously produced hydrogen sulfide (H2S), and, in consequence, a marker of the development of hypertension and/or adverse changes in heart geometry.

Effect of Blood Pressure Control on Left Ventricular Hypertrophy in Patients with Essential Hypertension

1980 ◽  
Vol 59 (s6) ◽  
pp. 441s-443s ◽  
Author(s):  
F. G. Dunn ◽  
B. Bastian ◽  
T. D. V. Lawrie ◽  
A. R. Lorimer
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Blood Pressure Control ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Pressure Control ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness ◽  
Group 2

1. Changes in left ventricular structure and function were assessed by echocardiography in 22 patients before and after 9 months blood pressure control. 2. Nine patients had normal baseline echocardiograms (group 1) and 13 had echocardiographic evidence of left ventricular hypertrophy (group 2). 3. Group 2 patients demonstrated significant reductions in posterior wall thickness (P<0.01), septal wall thickness (P<0.025) and left ventricular mass (P<0.005). Only six of the 13 patients showed a reduction of ≥3 mm in posterior wall thickness. The remainder showed no alteration or only a slight non-significant reduction. 4. The regression of voltage in some patients but not in others did not appear to be related to initial blood pressure, the extent of the fall in blood pressure or duration of follow-up. It was not possible to say whether any specific therapy was beneficial to regression since most of the patients were on multiple therapy.

B-Type Natriuretic Peptide Levels and Cardiac Dysfunction in Children on Peritoneal Dialysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 39 (3) ◽  
pp. 210-219
Author(s):  
Young Seo Park ◽  
Jae Suk Baek ◽  
Jeong Jin Yu ◽  
Young-Hwue Kim ◽  
Jae-Kon Ko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Right Ventricular ◽  
Natriuretic Peptide ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness ◽  
Fractional Shortening ◽  
Echocardiographic Findings

Background Abnormalities in left ventricular (LV) structure and function are prevalent in patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD). The risk of cardiovascular mortality is also 10 – 20 times higher in PD patients than in age- and gender-matched healthy control subjects. Methods Echocardiography was performed annually or every 6 months for children on PD; the frequency was increased if the patient had hypertension or any heart problem. We retrospectively reviewed echocardiographic findings of these children (since February 2005) by chart review. The linear regression analysis of log(B-type natriuretic peptide, BNP) was performed to evaluate the association between serum BNP and cardiac parameters on echocardiography. Results We enrolled 52 patients and evaluated 169 echocardiographic findings in association with serum BNP levels. Systolic blood pressure (adjusted R2 = 0.321), diastolic blood pressure (adjusted R2 = 0.292), LV posterior wall thickness at diastole (0.058), LV posterior wall thickness at systole (0.038), LV internal diameter at diastole (0.177), LV internal diameter at systole (0.132), LV mass index (0.122), thickness of interventricular septum at diastole (0.035), the left atrial (LA) diameter (0.201), LA/aorta diameter ratio (0.113), lateral E/E’ (0.229), and lateral A'/E’ (0.149) showed positive correlation with log(BNP); conversely, LV fractional shortening (FS) (0.065), LV ejection fraction (0.082), right ventricular internal diameter at diastole (0.184), right ventricular fractional shortening (0.754), lateral S’ (0.179), and lateral E’ (0.161) showed negative correlation with log(BNP). Conclusions Routine measurement of serum BNP is recommended in children on PD to evaluate the risk of morphological and functional cardiac problems.

scholarly journals Abnormal left ventricular geometry in female collegiate swimmers

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Y K Taha ◽  
C A Rambart ◽  
F Reifsteck ◽  
R Hamburger ◽  
J R Clugston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Relative Wall Thickness ◽  
Left Ventricular Geometry ◽  
Ventricular Geometry ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness ◽  
Lv Mass

Abstract Background There is a paucity of data describing left ventricular geometry changes in female athletes. While some studies suggest that female athletes participating in dynamic sports exhibit higher prevalence of eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) when compared to men, a recent study suggested more concentric geometry changes in female basketball athletes. We were unable to identify studies describing the left ventricular geometry of female collegiate swimmers. Objectives To describe LV geometry changes in a cohort of female collegiate swimmers. Methods We analyzed a cohort of female collegiate swimmers who had a pre-participation cardiac evaluation by 12-lead ECG and 2-dimensional echocardiography. Left ventricular (LV) geometry was assessed based on relative wall thickness (RWT) (defined as: 2 x posterior wall thickness (PWT) divided by LV end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD)) and LV mass (LVM) (Devereux's formula: LVM = [0.8 x 1.04 [(LVEDD + interventricular septum + posterior wall thickness)3 − (LVEDD)3]] + 0.6g) and was indexed to body surface area (BSA).LVH was defined as LV mass index >95 g and was defined as concentric when associated with a relative wall thickness (RWT) >0.42 and as eccentric when RWT was ≤0.42. Concentric remodeling was defined as normal LVM index and increased RWT. Results A total of 83 female collegiate swimmers were included. Their age was 18.5±0.5 years (mean ± standard deviation, SD), 74 (89.2%) were White, BSA was 1.78±0.11 m2, height 173±6.3 cm, weight 66.2±7.2 K. Their interventricular septum diameter was 0.89±0.14 cm, PWT 0.92±0.15 cm, LVEDD 4.9±0.5 cm and LV end-systolic diameter (LVESD) 3.2±0.4 cm. Left atrium diameter ranged from 2.6 to 4.3 cm (mean 3.4 cm ± 0.4 cm). Aortic root diameter ranged from 1.9 to 3.5 cm (mean 2.7±0.3 cm) (Figure 1). LVH was present in 27 swimmers (32.5%). Eccentric LVH was present in 17 athletes (20.5%), concentric hypertrophy in 10 athletes (12%), and concentric remodeling in 12 (14.5%) (Figure 2). No athletes with LVH or concentric remodeling had borderline or abnormal ECG findings based on international criteria. Only two women with normal LV geometry had abnormal ECG findings: prolonged QT interval and abnormal T wave inversion. There was a linear correlation between BSA with LVEDD, LVESD and LV mass (r=0.40, 0.35, and 0.48 with P<0.001,0.002 and <0.001, respectively). However, there was no statistically significant difference between LV geometry groups based on BSA or blood pressure. Conclusion Our data document a high incidence of eccentric hypertrophy among female collegiate swimmers. Concentric remodeling and hypertrophy were also relatively high. Differentiating physiologic from pathologic cardiac remodeling in these athletes is critical to prevent potential complications such as sudden cardiac death, arrhythmias, and other adverse outcomes. FUNDunding Acknowledgement Type of funding sources: Foundation. Main funding source(s): This work was supported in part by the American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) Foundation Research Grant 2016 awarded to KE, and the University of Florida REDCap uses the NIH National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences (NCATS) grant UL1 TR001427. Figure 1 Figure 2. LV geometry in female swimmers

Combination of Huangqi Granule and Rosuvastatin Improves the Cardiac Function in Heart Failure

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-187
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Yun Zhang ◽  
Weizhong Huangfu ◽  
Yuhong Ma
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Ejection Fraction ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Left Ventricular Ejection ◽  
Model Group ◽  
Ventricular Ejection Fraction ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness

Using rat models of heart failure, we evaluated the effects of rosuvastatin and Huangqi granule alone and in combination on left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, left ventricular end-systolic dimension, left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-systole. Results showed that left ventricular end-diastolic dimension, left ventricular end-systolic dimension in the rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule group were significantly decreased (P ‹ 0.01), while left ventricular ejection fraction, left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-diastole and left ventricular posterior wall thickness at end-systole were significantly increased (P ‹ 0.05). The serum IL-2, IFN-β, and TNF-α in rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule group were significantly lower than those in model group (P ‹ 0.05). However, the levels of S-methylglutathione and superoxide dismutase in rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule group were significantly higher, while nitric oxide was significantly lower than that in the model group (P ‹ 0.05). Also, compared to the model group, the apoptosis rate, and the autophagy protein LC3-II in the cardiomyocytes of rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule group was significantly decreased (P ‹ 0.01), while the level of p62 protein was significantly increased (P ‹ 0.01). The levels of AMPK and p-AMPK in cardiomyocytes were significantly lower in rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule group; however, the levels of mTOR and p-mTOR showed an opposite trend (P ‹ 0.05). To sum up, rosuvastatin + Huangqi granule could improve the cardiac function, decrease the level of oxidative stress, and inflammatory cytokines in rats with HF. The possible underlying mechanism might be inhibition of autophagy and reduced apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by regulating AMPK-mTOR signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Left ventricular geometric patterns and cardiac function in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing hemodialysis

2005 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Teresa Manes ◽  
Manlio Gagliardi ◽  
Gianfranco Misuraca ◽  
Stefania Rossi ◽  
Mario Chiatto
Keyword(s):  
Left Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Diastolic Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiac Troponin ◽  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Interventricular Septum ◽  
Myocardial Damage ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to estimate the impact and prevalence of left ventricular geometric alterations and systolic and diastolic dysfunction in hemodialysis patients, as well as the relationship with cardiac troponin as a marker of myocardial damage. Methods: 31 patients (pts), 19 males and 12 females, age 58.1±16.4 (26 on hemodialysis, 5 on peritoneal dialysis) and 31 healthy normal controls were enrolled. Echocardiography measurements were carried out according to the American Society of Echocardiography recommendations. Left ventricular mass was calculated, according to the Devereux formula and indexed to height and weight 2.7. Doppler echocardiography was performed to study diastolic function by measurements of isovolumetric relaxation period (IVRT), E wave deceleretion time (DTE) and E/A ratio. Cardiac troponin was measured by a third generation electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. Statistical analysis was performed using the t-test for between-group comparisons and the Pearson and Spearman’s tests to investigate correlations; p values of <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: Eccentric hypertrophy was the most frequent pattern (n=17; 55%), followed by normal cardiac geometry (n=7; 23%), and concentric hypertrophy (n=5; 16%). Only 6% of pts (n=2) showed concentric remodelling. Systolic dysfunction was present in terms of endocardial parameters in 3 pts (9%) (fractional shartening <25%, EF<50%), but in terms of midwall myocardial shortening in 51% (n=16). Diastolic dysfunction was present in 87% (n=27) with a pattern of impaired relaxation (in 5 without left ventricular hypertrophy). E/A was negatively correlated with age (r=-0.41, p=0.02); DTE was positively correlated with posterior wall thickness (r=0.36, p=0.05) and interventricular septum thickness (r=0.45, p=0.01); cardiac troponin was positively correlated with age (r=0.50, p=0.00), left ventricular mass (r=0.41, p=0.02), posterior wall thickness (r=0.41; p=0.02) and interventricular septum thickness (r=0.39, p=0.03) but not with diastolic dysfunction parameters. No significant difference was found in terms of duration of dialysis between patients with normal left ventricular geometry and those with left ventricular hypertrophy, but a significant difference in age was found (p=0.03). Pts with diastolic dysfunction had more frequent hypotensive episodes during dialysis (p <0.01). Conclusion: Impaired geometry and cardiac function is frequently observed in pts undergoing hemodialysis. Diastolic dysfuction is associated to a geometric pattern of left ventricular hypetrophy, although it can be an isolated initial manifestation of myocardial damage. Depressed midwall myocardial shortening can discriminate left ventricular dysfunction better than traditional endocardial systolic indexes.

scholarly journals Interrelation between Exercise Heart Rate, Post-Run Systolic Blood Pressure, and Myocardial Structure in Distance Runners

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (66) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomas Venckūnas ◽  
Birutė Mažutaitienė ◽  
Arvydas Stasiulis
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Systolic Blood Pressure ◽  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Myocardial Hypertrophy ◽  
Pressure Overload ◽  
Exercise Heart Rate ◽  
Training Volume ◽  
Distance Runners ◽  
Myocardial Wall

Endurance running is an exercise practiced by athletes in many sports. Being benefi cial to health, it is also under-taken by a great number of non-athletic individuals. Rigorous endurance training frequently induces symmetric (i. e. both ventricular chamber dilation and wall thickening) myocardial hypertrophy, which is a physiological adapta-tion. Although distance running is a sport associated with haemodynamic volume rather than pressure overload, in addition to enlarged cardiac output, systolic arterial blood pressure also considerably increases during running. The extent of the cardiac hypertrophy was shown to be correlated with peak blood pressure measured during laboratory exercise. However, the predominant type of myocardial hypertrophy (the ratio between the myocardial wall thickness and chamber size) in endurance runners remains contradictory, and the majority of the responsible factors are still to be determined. The aim of this study was to determine possible correlations between post-run systolic blood pressure and myocardial hypertrophy in endurance runners.Standard transthoracic two-dimensional M-mode echocardiography was performed in white adult male distance runners (n = 49) of national level within four weeks of treadmill testing, which was a non-continuous incremental exercise test employed for the determination of the heart rate as well as post-exertional systolic blood pressure re-sponse. Runners’ training volume (evaluated as the average number of hours per week spent training averaged over the past four weeks) correlated (p < 0.05) positively with the left ventricular (LV) wall thickness but not with the cavity size or LV mass (p > 0.05). Training volume also positively correlated with systolic blood pressure response to exercise (p < 0.05), but negatively with submaximal exercise heart rate (p < 0.01). Post-run systolic blood pressure correlated positively with LV wall thickness and LV concentricity (namely, the ratio between the myocardial wall thick-ness and chamber size) (p < 0.05), but no signifi cant correlation of any of the LV size parameters with resting heart rate, blood pressure, or systolic blood pressure in 2 to 4 min during the recovery period was revealed. Submaximal and maximal heart rate correlated signifi cantly and negatively with LV wall thickness, LV mass, and systolic blood pressure measured immediately after running (p < 0.05).Training volume and post-run systolic blood pressure have been found to correlate positively with LV wall thickness and concentricity in white adult male distance runners. Negative correlation of exercise heart rate has been found with the post-exercise systolic blood pressure, LV wall thickness, and LV mass.Keywords: myocardial hypertrophy, pressure overload, echocardiography, athlete’s heart.

scholarly journals The impact of obesity on left ventricular mass and left ventricular systolic function in children

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 171
Author(s):  
Ria Nova ◽  
Bambang Madiyono ◽  
Sudigdo Sastroasmoro ◽  
Damayanti R Sjarif
Keyword(s):  
Wall Thickness ◽  
Systolic Function ◽  
Posterior Wall ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Internal Diameter ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Normal Children ◽  
Posterior Wall Thickness ◽  
Lv Mass ◽  
Lv Systolic Function

Background Obesity causes cardiovascular disturbances. Theincidence of cardiovascular disease is higher even in mildly obesepatients than in lean subjects.Objectives The purpose of this study was to compare left ven-tricular (LV) mass, LV internal dimensions, and LV systolic func-tion between obese and normal children; and to determine the as-sociation of the degree of obesity with LV mass and LV systolicfunction.Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted on elemen-tary school students in Jakarta from February to April 2003. Wemeasured the subjects’ body weight and height, and performedlipid profile and echocardiography examinations. Measurementsof LV mass, LV internal dimensions with regard to septum thick-ness, LV internal diameter, and LV posterior wall thickness; andLV systolic function as indicated by shortening fraction and ejec-tion fraction, were performed echocardiographically. The differ-ences in measurements between obese and normal children aswell as between obese children with and without lipid abnormalitywere analyzed. The correlation between the degree of obesity withLV size and systolic function was determined.Results Twenty-eight normal children and 62 obese children wereenrolled in the study. Mean LV mass was 35.7 (SD 5.16) g/cm 3 inobese children versus 24.0 (SD 3.80) g/cm 3 in normal children(P<0.0001). Mean septum thickness was 0.8 (SD 0.14) mm inobese children versus 0.6 (SD 7.90) mm in normal children (P<0.0001). Mean posterior wall thickness was 0.9 (SD 0.14) mm inobese children versus 0.6 (SD 9.97) mm in normal children(P<0.0001). Mean LV internal diameter was 4.0 (SD 0.34) mm inobese children versus 3.9 (SD 0.29) mm in normal children(P=0.300). There was strong correlation between the degree ofobesity and LV mass (r=0.838, P<0.0001). LV systolic function(shortening fraction) was 37.1 (SD 4.20) percent in obese childrenversus 35.8 (SD 4.99) percent in normal children (P=0.19). Ejec-tion fraction was 67.4 (SD 5.32) percent in obese children versus65.5 (SD 6.29) percent in normal children (P=0.13). There wasweak correlation between LV systolic function and the degree ofobesity (shortening fraction r=0.219, P=0.038; ejection fractionr=0.239, P=0.023).Conclusions Obese children had significantly greater LV mass,septum thickness, and posterior wall thickness than normal chil-Backgrounddren. Such significant difference was absent for LV internal diam-eter and measures of LV systolic function. There was no signifi-cant difference in LV mass and LV systolic function between obesechildren with or without abnormality of lipid profile. A strong corre-lation exists between the degree of obesity and LV mass, but thecorrelation between degree of obesity and LV systolic function wasweak

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