scholarly journals Assessment of Target Organ Damage in the Evaluation and Follow-Up of Hypertensive Patients: Where Do We Stand?

2013 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 742-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gadi Shlomai ◽  
Guido Grassi ◽  
Ehud Grossman ◽  
Giuseppe Mancia
Keyword(s):  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

scholarly journals Effects of irbesartan on phenotypic alterations in monocytes and the inflammatory status of hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingsi Zhang ◽  
Lina Yang ◽  
Yanchun Ding
Keyword(s):  
Ventricular Hypertrophy ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Concentration Dependent Manner ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Inflammatory Status ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background Circulating monocytes and tissue macrophages play complex roles in the pathogenesis of hypertension and the resulting target organ damage. In this study, we observed alterations in the monocyte phenotype and inflammatory state of hypertensive patients with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and studied the effects of irbesartan in these patients. This study might reveal a novel mechanism by which irbesartan alleviates LVH, and it could provide new targets for the prevention and treatment of hypertensive target organ damage. Methods CD163 and CD206 expression on monocytes and IL-10 and TNF-α levels in the serum of hypertensive patients with or without LVH and of healthy volunteers were detected. Furthermore, we treated monocytes from the LVH group with different concentrations of irbesartan, and then, CD163, CD206, IL-10 and TNF-α expression was detected. Results We found, for the first time, that the expression of CD163, CD206 and IL-10 in the LVH group was lower than that in the non-LVH group and healthy control group, but the TNF-α level in the LVH group was significantly higher. Irbesartan upregulated the expression of CD163 and CD206 in hypertensive patients with LVH in a concentration-dependent manner. Irbesartan also increased the expression of IL-10 and inhibited the expression of TNF-α in monocyte culture supernatants in a concentration-dependent manner. Conclusions Our data suggest that inflammation was activated in hypertensive patients with LVH and that the monocyte phenotype was mainly proinflammatory. The expression of proinflammatory factors increased while the expression of anti-inflammatory factors decreased. Irbesartan could alter the monocyte phenotype and inflammatory status in hypertensive patients with LVH. This previously unknown mechanism may explain how irbesartan alleviates LVH. Trail registration The study protocols were approved by the Ethical Committee of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University. Each patient signed the informed consent form.

scholarly journals Target organ damage in hypertensive patients: correlation between retinal arteriovenular ratio and left ventricular geometric patterns

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 274-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Meazza ◽  
C Scardino ◽  
L Grosso Di Palma ◽  
G L Perrucci ◽  
E Gallazzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Geometric Patterns

Prevalence of target organ damage in treated hypertensive patients

2000 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 803-809 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cesare Cuspidi ◽  
Laura Lonati ◽  
Lorena Sampieri ◽  
Iassen Michev ◽  
Giuseppe Macca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

Abstract 545: Modification Over Time of Pulse Wave Velocity Parallel to Changes in Both Office and 24h-ambulatory Peripheral BP as well as Aortic BP

Hypertension ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 64 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Oliveras ◽  
Julián Segura ◽  
Carmen Suárez ◽  
Luis García-Ortiz ◽  
María Abad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Measurement Techniques ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Applanation Tonometry ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Over Time

Aim: to assess the relationship of changes in pulse wave velocity (PWV), a marker of target organ damage, with the variation in BP over time, as assessed by three different methods of measurement: office and 24h-ambulatory peripheral BP as well as aortic BP. Methods: Observational prospective study in hypertensive subjects with impaired glucose metabolism consecutively recruited from Spanish Hypertension Units. Aortic BP and carotid-femoral PWV were evaluated by radial applanation tonometry (Sphygmocor®) at baseline ( b ) and after 12 months of follow-up ( fu ). Peripheral BP measurements were also recorded at baseline and at 12 months follow-up: office BP was obtained as the average of triplicate measurements taken at 1 min-intervals after 5 min of seated rest, using validated oscillometric devices; 24h-ambulatory BP recordings were taken with a validated device (Spacelabs®-90207) at 20-minute intervals throughout both the self-reported awake and asleep periods. Clinical and anthropometric features were also recorded. PWV variation (Δ) over time was calculated as follows: Δ PWV= [(PWV fu - PWV b ) / PWV b ] x 100. BP variation over time was calculated with the same formula applied to BP values obtained with the different measurement techniques. Correlations (Spearman “Rho”) of Δ PWV and Δ BP were calculated. Results: n=209 patients; mean age: 61.8 ± 11.2 y; 39% (81 of 209) were female; 80% (167 of 209) had type 2 diabetes. Other risk factors: hypertension: 100%; dyslipidemia: 69% (144 of 209); smokers: 13% (28 of 209); body mass index: 30.9 ± 4.4 Kg/m 2 . Baseline office systolic/diastolic BP (mmHg): oSBP = 143 ± 20; oDBP = 82 ± 12. Follow-up office systolic/diastolic BP (mmHg): oSBP = 136 ± 20; oDBP = 79 ± 12. Baseline PWV: 10.01 ± 3.5 m/s. Follow-up PWV: 10.19 ± 3.21 m/s. Δ PWV correlated with: Δ oSBP (Rho=0.212; p=0.002), Δ 24h-SBP (Rho=0.254; p<0.001), Δ daytime-BP (Rho=0.232; p=0.001), Δ nighttime-BP (Rho=0.320; p<0.001) and Δ aortic-SBP (Rho=0.320; p<0.001). Conclusion: Modification over time of PWV, a marker of target organ damage, parallel to changes in systolic BP, both office and 24h-ambulatory peripheral BP variation as well as aortic BP variation, at 12 months of follow-up. Among them, aortic SBP and nighttime peripheral SBP both showed the best correlation.

Essential hypertension: Diagnosis, assessment, and treatment

2020 ◽  
pp. 3753-3778
Author(s):  
Bryan Williams ◽  
John D. Firth
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Severe Hypertension ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Elevated Blood ◽  
Hypertensive Patients ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Hypertension Diagnosis

Essential hypertension is invariably symptomless and usually detected by routine screening or opportunistic measurement of blood pressure. However, once a patient has been labelled as ‘hypertensive’ it is not uncommon for them to associate preceding symptoms to their elevated blood pressure. Some patients will claim that they can recognize when their blood pressure is elevated, usually on the basis of symptoms such as plethoric features, palpitations, dizziness, or a feeling of tension. Screening surveys have demonstrated that these symptoms occur no more commonly in untreated hypertensive patients than they do in the normotensive population. However, there are two important caveats to the symptomless nature of essential hypertension: (1) symptoms may develop as a consequence of target organ damage, (2) headache may be a feature of severe hypertension.

P1680High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels and endothelial glycocalyx integrity in treated hypertensive patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
H Triantafyllidi ◽  
D Benas ◽  
A Schoinas ◽  
S Vlachos ◽  
D Vlastos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Target Organ Damage ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Organ Damage ◽  
Target Organ ◽  
Endothelial Glycocalyx ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Hypertensive Patients

Abstract Background Endothelial dysfunction indicates target organ damage in hypertensive patients. The integrity of endothelial glycocalyx (EG) plays a vital role in vascular permeability, inflammation and elasticity and finally to cardiovascular disease. We aimed to investigate the role of increased HDL cholesterol levels (HDL-C), which usually are considered protective against cardiovascular disease, in EG integrity in older hypertensive patients. Methods We studied 120 treated hypertensive patients older than 50 years were divided regarding HDL-C tertiles in group HDLH, (HDL-C >71 mg/dl, upper HDL-C tertile) and group HDLL, (HDL-C <71 mg/dl, two lower HDL-C tertiles). Increased perfusion boundary region (PBR) of the sublingual arterial microvessels (ranged from 5–9 micrometers) using Sideview Darkfield imaging was measured as a non-invasive accurate index of reduced EG thickness. Results PBR 5–9 was significantly decreased in group HDLH (p=0.04). In the whole population, HDL-C was inversely but moderately related with PBR 5–9 (r=−0.22, p=0.01). In a multiple linear regression analysis model, using age, BMI, smoking habit, HDL-C, LDL-C and office SBP, as independent variables, we found that BMI (β=0.25, p=0.006) independently predicted PBR 5–9 in the whole population. Differences in PBR5-9 between HDL groups Conclusions In older hypertensive patients, HDL-C ranged between 71–101 mg/dl might moderately protect EG and subsequently endothelial function. Future studies in several groups of low or high risk hypertensives are needed in order to evaluate the beneficial role of extremely elevated HDL-C regarding cardiovascular risk evaluation as well as endothelial glycocalyx as a novel index of target organ damage in essential hypertension.

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