Holocene plant diversity dynamics show a distinct biogeographical pattern in temperate Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Roleček ◽  
Vojtěch Abraham ◽  
Ondřej Vild ◽  
Helena Svobodová Svitavská ◽  
Eva Jamrichová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Temperate Europe ◽  
Biogeographical Pattern ◽  
Diversity Dynamics

scholarly journals Evaluating Implication of Long Term Watershed Development on Plant Diversity Dynamics in Maybar Sub -Watershed, South Wello Zone, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilahun Taye
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Watershed Management ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Relative Proportion ◽  
Fruit And Vegetables ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Watershed Development ◽  
Diversity Dynamics

Abstract Long term watershed management in Ethiopia was evaluated starting from the 1980s, in different agro-ecologies. A study was conducted to investigate the implication of long term watershed management on the plant diversity dynamics in Maybar sub watershed, North-eastern Amhara, Ethiopia. Plant diversity data was collected through focus group discussion with key informants, transect walks and field observation. Each plants could been categorized under their nature of plantation such as cultivated crop, fruit and Vegetables, cultivated tree, shrub and herb, grass, wild or semi-wild tree and shrub and Other (weed, Herb, Bush…), and the existence also classified as past and current condition. Then, analysis was done by SPSS16.0 statistical software. The results showed that while two types of indigenous plant species currently disappeared, newly introduced plant species had been increased by 14.41% from the previous plant species diversity. Cultivated trees, shrub and herb, fruit and vegetables and grass species relative proportion have been increased by 52.98%, 18.18%, and 1.8% respectively. In contrast, plants categorized under cultivated crops, wild or semi-wild trees and shrubs and others (weed, wild herb, bush) has been decreased by 25.31%, 18.31%, and 11.37% respectively. Therefore, long term watershed development has a positive impact on plant diversity improvement.

scholarly journals Holocene plant diversity dynamics shows a distinct biogeographical pattern in temperate Europe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Roleček ◽  
Vojtěch Abraham ◽  
Ondřej Vild ◽  
Helena Svitavská Svobodová ◽  
Eva Jamrichová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Late Holocene ◽  
Time Window ◽  
Fossil Pollen ◽  
Pollen Record ◽  
Diversity Patterns ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Modern Pollen ◽  
Biogeographical Region ◽  
Temperate Europe

AbstractAimsReconstruction of the Holocene diversity changes in a biogeographically complex region. Description of major diversity patterns, testing their predictors, and their interpretation in the palaeoecological and biogeographical context. Testing the assumption that pollen record is informative with respect to plant diversity in our study area.MethodsFossil pollen extracted from 18 high-quality profiles was used as a proxy of past plant diversity. Pollen counts of tree taxa were corrected by pollen productivity, and pollen assemblages were resampled to 100 grains per sample and 150 grains per 500-years time window. SiZer analysis was used to test and visualize multi-scale diversity patterns. Linear modelling was used to identify the best predictors. SiZer maps and pollen composition were analysed using non-metric multidimensional scaling. K-means clustering and indicator species analysis were used to interpret ordination results.ResultsMean Holocene plant diversity is significantly predicted by latitude, while its temporal pattern followed the biogeographical region and elevation. Major differences were found between the Mesic and Montane Hercynia (lower diversity, increasing only in the Late Holocene) and Pannonia, the Carpathians and Warm Hercynia (higher diversity, increasing from the Early or Middle Holocene on). Low diversity in the Middle and Late Holocene is associated with the prevalence of woody and acidophilic taxa. High diversity is associated with numerous grassland and minerotrophic wetland taxa, crops and weeds. Fossil-modern pollen diversity and modern pollen-plant diversity show significant positive relationships.ConclusionsPlant diversity and its changes during the Holocene are geographically structured across temperate Europe. Main causes appear to be differences in past dynamics of the landscape openness and vegetation composition, driven mainly by changes in climate and human impact and their different timing. Fossil pollen, if appropriately treated, is a useful proxy of past plant diversity.

scholarly journals SRU D : A simple non‐destructive method for accurate quantification of plant diversity dynamics

2019 ◽  
Vol 107 (5) ◽  
pp. 2155-2166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pengfei Zhang ◽  
George A. Kowalchuk ◽  
Merel B. Soons ◽  
Mariet M. Hefting ◽  
Chengjin Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Diversity Dynamics ◽  
Non Destructive ◽  
Accurate Quantification

Plant diversity and species richness of Ljubljana marsh grasslands under the influence of different cutting and fertilizing regimes

2009 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Sinkovč
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Plant Diversity ◽  
Grassland Management ◽  
Botanical Composition ◽  
Significant Negative Effect ◽  
Negative Effect ◽  
Cutting Regimes ◽  
N Rates ◽  
Exploitation Intensity ◽  
Plot Design

The botanical composition of grasslands determines the agronomic and natural values of swards. Good grassland management usually improves herbage value, but on the other hand it frequently decreases the plant diversity and species richness in the swards. In 1999 a field trial in a split-plot design with four replicates was therefore established on the Arrhenatherion type of vegetation in Ljubljana marsh meadows in order to investigate this relationship. Cutting regimes (2 cuts — with normal and delayed first cut, 3 cuts and 4 cuts per year) were allocated to the main plots and fertiliser treatments (zero fertiliser — control, PK and NPK with 2 or 3 N rates) were allocated to the sub-plots. The results at the 1 st cutting in the 5 th trial year were as follows: Fertilising either with PK or NPK had no significant negative effect on plant diversity in any of the cutting regimes. In most treatments the plant number even increased slightly compared to the control. On average, 20 species were listed on both unfertilised and fertilised swards. At this low to moderate level of exploitation intensity, the increased number of cuts had no significant negative effect on plant diversity either (19 species at 2 cuts vs. 20 species at 3 or 4 cuts). PK fertilisation increased the proportion of legumes in the herbage in the case of 2 or 3 cuts. The proportion of grasses in the herbage increased in all the fertilisation treatments with an increased numbers of cuts. Fertiliser treatment considerably reduced the proportion of marsh horsetail ( Equisetum palustre ) in the herbage of the meadows. This effect was even more pronounced at higher cut numbers. The proportion of Equisetum palustre in the herbage was the highest in the unfertilised sward with 2 cuts (26.4 %) and the lowest in the NPK-fertilised sward with 4 cuts (1.4%).

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