Geographical patterns and current and short‐term historical correlates of phylogenetic diversity and endemism for New World primates

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 890-902 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz H. Varzinczak ◽  
Thais B. Zanata ◽  
Mauricio O. Moura ◽  
Fernando C. Passos
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
New World ◽  
New World Primates ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Geographical Patterns

Efficiency of whole‐exome sequencing in old world and new world primates using human capture reagents

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannie Chan ◽  
Wen Yao ◽  
Timothy D. Howard ◽  
Gregory A. Hawkins ◽  
Michael Olivier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exome Sequencing ◽  
Whole Exome Sequencing ◽  
New World ◽  
New World Primates ◽  
Old World ◽  
Whole Exome

Lack of genetic structure in pinworm populations from New World primates in forest fragments

2017 ◽  
Vol 47 (14) ◽  
pp. 941-950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brenda Solórzano-García ◽  
Jaime Gasca-Pineda ◽  
Robert Poulin ◽  
Gerardo Pérez-Ponce de León
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Structure ◽  
New World ◽  
Forest Fragments ◽  
New World Primates

scholarly journals Referential alarm calling behaviour in New World primates

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 680-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane Cäsar ◽  
Klaus Zuberbühler
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
General Pattern ◽  
Referential Communication ◽  
New World Monkeys ◽  
Human Language ◽  
New World Primates ◽  
Ample Evidence ◽  
Old World ◽  
Call Type ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract There is relatively good evidence that non-human primates can communicate about objects and events in their environment in ways that allow recipients to draw inferences about the nature of the event experienced by the signaller. In some species, there is also evidence that the basic semantic units are not individual calls, but call sequences and the combinations generated by them. These two findings are relevant to theories pertaining to the origins of human language because of the resemblances of these phenomena with linguistic reference and syntactic organisation. Until recently, however, most research efforts on the primate origins of human language have involved Old World species with comparatively few systematic studies on New World monkeys, which has prevented insights into the deeper phylogenetic roots and evolutionary origins of language-relevant capacities. To address this, we review the older primate literature and very recent evidence for functionally referential communication and call combinations in New World primates. Within the existing literature there is ample evidence in both Callitrichids and Ce-bids for acoustically distinct call variants given to external disturbances that are accompanied by distinct behavioural responses. A general pattern is that one call type is typically produced in response to a wide range of general disturbances, often on the ground but also including inter-group encounters, while another call type is produced in response to a much narrower range of aerial threats. This pattern is already described for Old World monkeys and Prosimians, suggesting an early evolutionary origin. Second, recent work with black-fronted titi monkeys has produced evidence for different alarm call sequences consisting of acoustically distinct call types. These sequences appear to encode several aspects of the predation event simultaneously, notably predator type and location. Since meaningful call sequences have already been described in Old World primates, we suggest that basic combinatorial vocal communication has evolved in the primate lineage long before the advent of language. Moreover, it is possible that some of these communicative abilities have evolved even earlier, or independently, as there is comparable evidence in other taxonomic groups. We discuss these findings in an attempt to shed further light on the primate stock from which human language has arisen.

Naturally occurring hypertension in New World nonhuman primates: potential role of the perifornical hypothalamus

2007 ◽  
Vol 292 (2) ◽  
pp. R937-R945 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orville A. Smith ◽  
Cliff A. Astley
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Mean Arterial Pressure ◽  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
New World ◽  
Critical Role ◽  
Cardiovascular Responses ◽  
Routine Laboratory ◽  
New World Primates ◽  
Naturally Occurring

Hypertension is a prominent underlying factor in the genesis of cardiovascular-related morbidity and mortality. A major impediment to the investigation into the causes of the disease is the paucity of naturally occurring animal models of the disease. There is evidence that some species of New World primates spontaneously become hypertensive. We used chronically implanted pressure transducers to assess normally occurring blood pressure and heart rate levels at rest and during routine laboratory procedures in a group of one of these New World primates ( Aotus sp.). Resting mean arterial pressure ranged from 72 to 130 mmHg. Three animals were judged to have resting mean arterial pressure levels in the hypertensive range (≥110 mmHg). In all of the animals, pressor responses to routine laboratory events were exaggerated (average highest mean pressure during 1 min from any session was 97–196 mmHg). Subsequently, the region of the perifornical/lateral hypothalamus known to produce elevated blood pressure and heart rate responses to electrical stimulation was removed, and the blood pressure responses to the laboratory routines were significantly decreased and, in some cases, eliminated. Control lesions in nearby tissue had no effect on these responses. This region may play a critical role in initiating or exacerbating cardiovascular responses that contribute to the development of essential hypertension.

scholarly journals The Failure of the Law of Brevity in Two New World Primates. Statistical Caveats.

Glottotheory ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramon Ferrer-i-Cancho ◽  
Antoni Hernández-Fernández
Keyword(s):  
New World ◽  
New World Primates ◽  
The Law

Zoogeographical regions and geospatial patterns of phylogenetic diversity and endemism of New World bats

Ecography ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (6) ◽  
pp. 1188-1199 ◽  
Author(s):  
Camilo López‐Aguirre ◽  
Suzanne J. Hand ◽  
Shawn W. Laffan ◽  
Michael Archer
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
New World
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