scholarly journals Mountains as barriers to gene flow in amphibians: Quantifying the differential effect of a major mountain ridge on the genetic structure of four sympatric species with different life history traits

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-331 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregorio Sánchez-Montes ◽  
Jinliang Wang ◽  
Arturo H. Ariño ◽  
Íñigo Martínez-Solano
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Differential Effect ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Mountain Ridge

scholarly journals Genetic consequences of being a dwarf: do evolutionary changes in life-history traits influence gene flow patterns in populations of the world’s smallest goldenrod?

2020 ◽  
Vol 126 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-177
Author(s):  
Shota Sakaguchi ◽  
Atsushi J Nagano ◽  
Masaki Yasugi ◽  
Hiroshi Kudoh ◽  
Naoko Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Seed Dispersal ◽  
Dna Sequences ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Population Divergence ◽  
Population Demography ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Yakushima Island

Abstract Background and Aims Contrasting life-history traits can evolve through generations of dwarf plant ecotypes, yet such phenotypic changes often involve decreased plant size and reproductive allocation, which can configure seed dispersal patterns and, subsequently, population demography. Therefore, evolutionary transitions to dwarfism can represent good study systems to test the roles of life-history traits in population demography by comparing genetic structure between related but phenotypically divergent ecotypes. Methods In this study, we examined an ecotypic taxon pair of the world’s smallest goldenrod (stem height 2.6 cm) in alpine habitats and its closely related lowland taxon (30–40 cm) found on Yakushima Island, Japan. Genetic variation in chloroplast DNA sequences, nuclear microsatellites and genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphisms were used to investigate 197 samples from 16 populations, to infer the population genetic demography and compare local genetic structure of the ecotypes. Key Results We found a pronounced level of genetic differentiation among alpine dwarf populations, which were much less geographically isolated than their lowland counterparts. In particular, several neighbouring dwarf populations (located ~500 m apart) harboured completely different sets of chloroplast haplotypes and nuclear genetic clusters. Demographic modelling revealed that the dwarf populations have not exchanged genes at significant levels after population divergence. Conclusions These lines of evidence suggest that substantial effects of genetic drift have operated on these dwarf populations. The low-growing stature and reduced fecundity (only 3.1 heads per plant) of the dwarf plants may have reduced gene flow and rare long-distance seed dispersal among habitat patches, although the effects of life-history traits require further evaluation using ecological approaches.

Significant genetic structure despite high vagility revealed through mitochondrial phylogeography of an Australian freshwater turtle (Chelodina longicollis)

2015 ◽  
Vol 66 (11) ◽  
pp. 1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Hodges ◽  
S. Donnellan ◽  
A. Georges
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Gene Flow ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Isolation By Distance ◽  
Phylogeographic Structure ◽  
Freshwater Turtle ◽  
Freshwater Species ◽  
Chelodina Longicollis ◽  
Australian Freshwater

Restriction to the freshwater environment plays a dominant role in the population genetic structure of freshwater fauna. In taxa with adaptations for terrestriality, however, the restrictions on dispersal imposed by drainage divides may be overcome. We investigate the mitochondrial phylogeographic structure of the eastern long-necked turtle (Chelodina longicollis), a widespread Australian freshwater obligate with strong overland dispersa\l capacity and specific adaptations to terrestriality. We predict that such characteristics make this freshwater species a strong candidate to test how life-history traits can drive gene flow and interbasin connectivity, overriding the constraining effects imposed by hydrological boundaries. Contrary to expectations, and similar to low-vagility freshwater vertebrates, we found two ancient mitochondrial haplogroups with clear east–west geographic partitioning either side of the Great Dividing Range. Each haplogroup is characterised by complex genetic structure, demographically stable subpopulations, and signals of isolation by distance. This pattern is overlaid with signatures of recent gene flow, likely facilitated by late Pleistocene and ongoing anthropogenic landscape change. We demonstrate that the divergent effects of landscape history can overwhelm the homogenising effects of life-history traits that connect populations, even in a highly vagile species.

The role of life-history traits, selective pressure and hydrographic boundaries in shaping the genetic structure of the transparent goby,Aphia minuta

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 518-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Ruggeri ◽  
Andrea Splendiani ◽  
Massimo Giovannotti ◽  
Tatiana Fioravanti ◽  
Giulia Occhipinti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Selective Pressure

scholarly journals Estructura genética de poblaciones de Eriocaulon bilobatum (Eriocaulaceae): una especie amenazada de humedades temporales

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Fabiola Magallán Hernández ◽  
Mahinda Martínez ◽  
Luis Hernández Sandoval ◽  
Ken Oyama
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Life History ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Life History Traits ◽  
Aquatic Environments ◽  
Starch Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Temporary Wetlands ◽  
Sexual And Asexual Reproduction ◽  
Starch Gel

<em>Eriocaulon bilobatum</em> is an aquatic species that inhabits temporary wetlands in central Mexico. It is annual, herbaceous, emergent, with sexual and asexual reproduction, monoecious and insect pollinated. It is a rare and vulnerable species due to its endangered habitats. The objectives of this study were to determine the diversity and genetic structure of <em>E. bilobatum </em> and to know if there is a correlation with genetic diversity and its ecological and life history traits. Using horizontal starch-gel electrophoresis, we screened 160 individuals from four populations. <em>E. bilobatum</em> has a higher genetic diversity (A=2.32, Ae=1.31, P=69.65, Ho=0.134, He=0.197, HT=0.221) than species with similar ecological and life history traits, moderate levels of inbreeding (FIS = 0.312) and low genetic differentiation among populations (FST = 0.053 y GST = 0.048). Its diversity and genetic structure are determined by the mating system and life history traits, more than by inhabiting aquatic environments.

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