Neotropical savanna ants show a reversed latitudinal gradient of species richness, with climatic drivers reflecting the forest origin of the fauna

2017 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 248-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heraldo L. Vasconcelos ◽  
Jonas B. Maravalhas ◽  
Rodrigo M. Feitosa ◽  
Renata Pacheco ◽  
Karen C. Neves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Neotropical Savanna ◽  
Climatic Drivers

Metabolic asymmetry and the global diversity of marine predators

Science ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 363 (6425) ◽  
pp. eaat4220 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Grady ◽  
Brian S. Maitner ◽  
Ara S. Winter ◽  
Kristin Kaschner ◽  
Derek P. Tittensor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Spatial Patterns ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Phylogenetic Diversity ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Latitudinal Gradients ◽  
Competitive Interactions ◽  
Marine Predators ◽  
Theoretical Predictions ◽  
The Tropics

Species richness of marine mammals and birds is highest in cold, temperate seas—a conspicuous exception to the general latitudinal gradient of decreasing diversity from the tropics to the poles. We compiled a comprehensive dataset for 998 species of sharks, fish, reptiles, mammals, and birds to identify and quantify inverse latitudinal gradients in diversity, and derived a theory to explain these patterns. We found that richness, phylogenetic diversity, and abundance of marine predators diverge systematically with thermoregulatory strategy and water temperature, reflecting metabolic differences between endotherms and ectotherms that drive trophic and competitive interactions. Spatial patterns of foraging support theoretical predictions, with total prey consumption by mammals increasing by a factor of 80 from the equator to the poles after controlling for productivity.

Latitudinal gradient and spatial covariance in species richness of tropical Lepidoptera in the Andes

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 355-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz W. Pyrcz ◽  
Keith Willmott ◽  
Rafał Garlacz ◽  
Pierre Boyer ◽  
Yuvinka Gareca
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Spatial Covariance ◽  
The Andes

scholarly journals Latitudinal gradient in species richness

2007 ◽  
Vol 17 (15) ◽  
pp. R574 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin J. Gaston
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient

scholarly journals Species packing and the latitudinal gradient in local beta-diversity

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ke Cao ◽  
Richard Condit ◽  
Xiangcheng Mi ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Haibao Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Tropical Forests ◽  
Beta Diversity ◽  
Latitudinal Gradient ◽  
Sampling Bias ◽  
Small Samples ◽  
Gamma Diversity ◽  
Species Packing ◽  
High Gamma ◽  
Declining Species

AbstractThe latitudinal gradient of declining species richness at higher latitudes is among the most fundamental patterns in ecology. However, whether changes in species composition across space (beta-diversity) contribute to this global gradient of species richness remains debated. Previous studies that failed to resolve the issue suffered from a well-known tendency for small samples in high gamma-diversity areas to inflate measures of beta-diversity. We provide here a rigorous test, comparing species-packing and local heterogeneity across a latitudinal gradient in tree species richness in Asia, using beta-diversity metrics that correct the gamma-diversity and sampling bias. Our data include 21 large forest plots across a wide environmental gradient in East Asia. We demonstrate that local beta-diversity increases with topographic heterogeneity, but after accounting for this and correcting the gamma-diversity bias, tropical forests still have higher beta-diversity than temperate, contributing to the latitudinal gradient of species richness. This supports the hypothesis of tighter species packing and larger niche space in tropical forests while demonstrating the importance of local processes in controlling beta-diversity.

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