A few steps forward and no steps back: long‐distance dispersal patterns in small carpenter bees suggest major barriers to back‐dispersal

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-494 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Rehan ◽  
Michael Schwarz
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Carpenter Bees

A biogeographical analysis of the freshwater plants of Australasia

1996 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 169 ◽  
Author(s):  
SWL Jacobs ◽  
KL Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Climatic Zones ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Ordination Techniques ◽  
Aquatic Flora ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Freshwater Plants ◽  
Biogeographical Analysis

Patterns in the distribution of Australasian species of freshwater aquatic plants were sought, to determine whether vicariance, distance dispersal, local speciation, or a mixture of these could best explain the distribution. The distribution was recorded from 10 regions of Australasia that include sizeable areas of wetland: Papua New Guinea, Cape York Peninsula, south-east Queensland, eastern New South Wales, Victoria, Tasmania, New Zealand, northern Northern Territory, the Kimberley, and south-west Western Australia. Matrices of 553 species by 10 regions, 139 genera by 10 regions, and 56 families by 10 regions were analysed using hierarchical fusion, nearest neighbour and ordination techniques. The results indicate that there are two distinct elements in the aquatic flora, tropical and temperate. The diffuse boundary between these two climatic zones could be interpreted as a barrier in the sense used in definitions of vicariance. There is little effective spread between tropical and temperate areas but, within each of these climatic zones, the species are mobile and many spread reasonably readily between regions, provided suitable habitats and dispersal opportunities are available. Where geographic barriers to distance dispersal have been great then these may become as important as the climatic barrier. This is demonstrated, at least in part, by the differences between some of the generic and species dendrograms. Local speciation (not shown by our PATN analyses because of the endemic species being ignored in them) has been important where some primarily aquatic genera have proliferated when conditions have been suitable. Local speciation has occurred in cosmopolitan aquatic genera that have presumably arrived in regions via long distance dispersal. The significance of bird migration and dispersal patterns are discussed. The aquatic flora of the monsoon tropics has evolved mainly from long distance dispersal but with significant local speciation in some genera such as Nymphoides, Utricularia, Nymphaea and Vallisneria. The pattern of distribution was compared with those recorded from other ecologically defined groups such as the Australian arid and alpine floras.

scholarly journals Long-distance Dispersal Patterns of Male Cerulean Warblers (Dendroica cerulea) Measured by Stable-hydrogen Isotopes

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Katherine Girvan ◽  
Jason Jones ◽  
D. Ryan Norris ◽  
Jennifer J. Barg ◽  
T. Kurt Kyser ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Isotopes ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Dendroica Cerulea ◽  
Cerulean Warblers

scholarly journals Sex-biased dispersal patterns of a social passerine: complementary approaches and evidence for a role of spatial scale

2019 ◽  
Vol 128 (3) ◽  
pp. 592-602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianqiang Li ◽  
Lei Lv ◽  
Pengcheng Wang ◽  
Yong Wang ◽  
Ben J Hatchwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Flow ◽  
Local Level ◽  
Female Offspring ◽  
Central China ◽  
Long Distance Dispersal ◽  
Dispersal Pattern ◽  
Dispersal Patterns ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Geographical Scale

Abstract Animal dispersal patterns have important implications for many biological processes, but the measurement of dispersal is challenging and often requires the use of complementary approaches. In this study, we investigated the local-scale sex-biased dispersal pattern in a social bird, the black-throated tit (Aegithalos concinnus), in central China. Spatial genetic autocorrelation analyses suggested that significant fine-scale genetic structure existed in males but not in females. Mark–recapture analyses of ringed individuals also showed that female offspring were more dispersive than male offspring, supporting genetic evidence of local female-biased dispersal. These results were contrary to a previous finding of male-biased long-distance dispersal in this species that was based on analyses of gene flow across the species range in China. This implies that the species might potentially have a scale-dependent dispersal strategy, with females frequently dispersing further than males at the local level, but with a proportion of males occasionally dispersing over long distances and contributing more to gene flow at a larger geographical scale. Long-distance dispersal by male black-throated tits might be induced by competition for resources or by unfavourable environmental conditions, warranting further investigation, but our findings increase the evidence that geographical scale is an important factor to be considered when investigating animal dispersal patterns.

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