Late Pleistocene colonization of South Georgia by yellow-billed pintails pre-dates the Last Glacial Maximum

2013 ◽  
Vol 40 (12) ◽  
pp. 2348-2360 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin G. McCracken ◽  
Robert E. Wilson ◽  
Jeffrey L. Peters ◽  
Kevin Winker ◽  
Anthony R. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Comparing a new paleomap of European loess landscapes to an atmospheric dust circulation model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janina J. (Bösken) Nett ◽  
Frank Lehmkuhl ◽  
Erik J. Schaffernicht ◽  
Stephan Pötter ◽  
Philipp Schulte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Circulation Model ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Source Areas ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Potential Source ◽  
Aeolian Sediments ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

<p>Loess is an important archive of environmental change covering approximately 10% of the Earth’s terrestrial surface. Numerous studies have analyzed loess deposits and in particular loess-paleosol sequences. To analyze these sequences, it is important to know the spatial distribution of aeolian sediments, their location relative to potential source areas, and the geomorphology of the sink area. We investigated these aspects by compiling a new map of aeolian sediments in Europe using highly resolved geodata from 27 countries (Lehmkuhl et al., in press). To determine the most relevant factors for the European loess distribution, we further mapped potential source areas and divided the map into different facies domains. We analyzed the geomorphological and paleoenvironmental effects on the deposition and preservation of Late Pleistocene loess. Finally, the geodata-based results were compared with results obtained from high-resolved regional numerical climate-dust experiments for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) in Europe, which were performed with the LGM-adapted Weather Research and Forecasting model coupled with Chemistry (WRF-Chem-LGM; Schaffernicht et al., 2020).  Complementing the mapping-based findings with the WRF-Chem-LGM experiments results in an improved understanding of the Late Pleistocene loess landscape in Europe.</p><p> </p><p>References:</p><p>Lehmkuhl, F., Nett, J.J., Pötter, S., Schulte, P., Sprafke, T., Jary, Z., Antoine, P., Wacha, L., Wolf, D., Zerboni, A., Hošek, J., Marković, S.B., Obreht, I., Sümegi, P., Veres, D., Zeeden, C., Boemke, B., Schaubert, V., Viehweger, J., Hambach, U. (in press). Loess landscapes of Europe – Mapping, geomorphology, and zonal differentiation. Earth-Science Reviews. Doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earscirev.2020.103496</p><p>Schaffernicht, E.J., Ludwig, P., Shao, Y., 2020. Linkage between dust cycle and loess of the last Glacial Maximum in Europe. Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics 20, 4969–4986. Doi:10.5194/acp-20-4969-2020.</p>

Wetter or colder during the Last Glacial Maximum? Revisiting the pluvial lake question in southwestern North America

2004 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 280-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirsten M. Menking ◽  
Roger Y. Anderson ◽  
Nabil G. Shafike ◽  
Kamran H. Syed ◽  
Bruce D. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Annual Runoff ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Water Runoff ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Pleistocene Climate ◽  
Surface Water Runoff ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Well-preserved shorelines in Estancia basin and a relatively simple hydrologic setting have prompted several inquiries into the basin's hydrologic balance for the purpose of estimating regional precipitation during the late Pleistocene. Estimates have ranged from 86% to 150% of modern, the disparity largely the result of assumptions about past temperatures. In this study, we use an array of models for surface-water runoff, groundwater flow, and lake energy balance to examine previously proposed scenarios for late Pleistocene climate. Constraints imposed by geologic evidence of past lake levels indicate that precipitation for the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) may have doubled relative to modern values during brief episodes of colder and wetter climate and that annual runoff was as much as 15% of annual precipitation during these episodes.

scholarly journals Exploring the phylogeography and population dynamics of the giant deer ( Megaloceros giganteus ) using Late Quaternary mitogenomes

2021 ◽  
Vol 288 (1950) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alba Rey-Iglesia ◽  
Adrian M. Lister ◽  
Paula F. Campos ◽  
Selina Brace ◽  
Valeria Mattiangeli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Late Quaternary ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Climatic Fluctuations ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Late Quaternary climatic fluctuations in the Northern Hemisphere had drastic effects on large mammal species, leading to the extinction of a substantial number of them. The giant deer ( Megaloceros giganteus ) was one of the species that became extinct in the Holocene, around 7660 calendar years before present. In the Late Pleistocene, the species ranged from western Europe to central Asia. However, during the Holocene, its range contracted to eastern Europe and western Siberia, where the last populations of the species occurred. Here, we generated 35 Late Pleistocene and Holocene giant deer mitogenomes to explore the genetics of the demise of this iconic species. Bayesian phylogenetic analyses of the mitogenomes suggested five main clades for the species: three pre-Last Glacial Maximum clades that did not appear in the post-Last Glacial Maximum genetic pool, and two clades that showed continuity into the Holocene. Our study also identified a decrease in genetic diversity starting in Marine Isotope Stage 3 and accelerating during the Last Glacial Maximum. This reduction in genetic diversity during the Last Glacial Maximum, coupled with a major contraction of fossil occurrences, suggests that climate was a major driver in the dynamics of the giant deer.

scholarly journals Could brown bears ( Ursus arctos ) have survived in Ireland during the Last Glacial Maximum?

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 20130281 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saoirse A. Leonard ◽  
Claire L. Risley ◽  
Samuel T. Turvey
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Brown Bear ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Source Population ◽  
Brown Bears ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Brown bears are recorded from Ireland during both the Late Pleistocene and early–mid Holocene. Although most of the Irish landmass was covered by an ice sheet during the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM), Irish brown bears are known to have hybridized with polar bears during the Late Pleistocene, and it is suggested that the Irish brown bear population did not become extinct but instead persisted in situ through the LGM in a southwestern ice-free refugium. We use historical population modelling to demonstrate that brown bears are highly unlikely to have survived through the LGM in Ireland under any combination of life-history parameters shown by living bear populations, but instead would have rapidly become extinct following advance of the British–Irish ice sheet, and probably recolonized Ireland during the end-Pleistocene Woodgrange Interstadial from a closely related nearby source population. The time available for brown bear–polar bear hybridization was therefore restricted to narrow periods at the beginning or end of the LGM. Brown bears would have been extremely vulnerable to extinction in Quaternary habitat refugia and required areas substantially larger than southwestern Ireland to survive adverse glacial conditions.

Biodiversity signature of the Last Glacial Maximum at South Georgia, Southern Ocean

2016 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
pp. 2391-2399 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. A. Barnes ◽  
Chester J. Sands ◽  
Oliver T. Hogg ◽  
Ben J.O. Robinson ◽  
Rachel V. Downey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Ocean ◽  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Was South Georgia covered by an ice cap during the Last Glacial Maximum?

2017 ◽  
Vol 461 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duanne A. White ◽  
Ole Bennike ◽  
Martin Melles ◽  
Sonja Berg ◽  
Steven A. Binnie
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Ice Cap ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

The onset of deglaciation of Cumberland Bay and Stromness Bay, South Georgia

2005 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. VAN DER PUTTEN ◽  
C. VERBRUGGEN
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Aquatic Habitats ◽  
The Holocene ◽  
Carbon Dating ◽  
South Georgia ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Peat Deposits ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

Carbon dating of basal peat deposits in Cumberland Bay and Stromness Bay and sediments from a lake in Stromness Bay, South Georgia indicates deglaciation at the very beginning of the Holocene before c. 9500 14C yr BP. This post-dates the deglaciation of one local lake which has been ice-free since at least 15 700 14C yr BP on account of its atypical geomorphological location. The latter indicates the likely presence of floristic refugia on South Georgia during the Last Glacial Maximum from which newly exposed terrestrial and aquatic habitats were rapidly colonized.

scholarly journals Paleoclimatic reconstruction for the late pleistocene period of the plain part of Ukraine

2010 ◽  
pp. 3-11
Author(s):  
L. Bezusko ◽  
S. Mosyakin ◽  
A. Bezusko
Keyword(s):  
Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
Late Pleistocene ◽  
Glacial Maximum ◽  
Interglacial Period ◽  
Upper Pleistocene ◽  
Last Glacial ◽  
Paleoclimatic Reconstruction ◽  
Climatic Characteristics ◽  
The Last Glacial Maximum ◽  
The Last Glacial

The article summarizes the results of quantitative paleoclimatic reconstructions conducted using different methods based on the palinological records of the Upper Pleistocene deposits of the plain part of Ukraine. Quantitative climatic characteristics for the Riss-Wurm interglacial period, Dubno interstadial and the Last Glacial Maximum are provided. It is concluded that primary refugia of thermophilic and hydrophilic trees on the plain areas did not exist during the Last Glacial Maximum. Key words: paleoclimatic reconstructions, Late Pleistocene, Riss-Wurm interglacial period, Dubno interstadial.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document