Colonization history of Metrioptera roeselii in northern Europe indicates human-mediated dispersal

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (5) ◽  
pp. 977-987 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Kaňuch ◽  
Åsa Berggren ◽  
Anna Cassel-Lundhagen
Keyword(s):  
Northern Europe ◽  
Colonization History ◽  
History Of

Ezekiel in the Jewish Tradition

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yedida Eisenstat
Keyword(s):  
Eleventh Century ◽  
Jewish Tradition ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
History Of

After a brief survey of early rabbinic ambivalence toward this controversial prophetic book and its use in synagogue liturgy, this chapter traces the history of rabbinic interpretation of the repetition of “I said to you, ‘Through your blood, live’” in Ezek 16:6. The midrashic tradition ascribes redemptive power to these “two bloods”—of circumcision and of the paschal lamb. This chapter argues that the “bloods” of the verse become metonyms for all of the commandments through which Jews realize their covenant with God. Both blood and circumcision (or lack thereof) were weighty symbols for Christians, too; so as Jews migrated into Christendom in larger numbers in the eleventh century, they had to address Christianity’s competing claims to the same covenant. The addition of this verse to the Jews’ circumcision liturgy upon their arrival in northern Europe can be explained in light of these shared symbols.

scholarly journals Temporal fluctuations of Y-chromosomal variation in Bos taurus

2008 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 752-754 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emma Svensson ◽  
Anders Götherström
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Demographic History ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Chromosomal Gene ◽  
Chromosomal Variation ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
History Of

Phylogeography has recently become more abundant in studies of demographic history of both wild and domestic species. A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the intron of the Y-chromosomal gene UTY19 displays a north–south gradient in modern cattle. Support for this geographical distribution of haplogroups has previously also been seen in ancient cattle from Germany. However, when analysing 38 historic remains of domestic bulls and three aurochs from northern Europe for this SNP we found no such association. Instead, we noted extensive amounts of temporal variation that can be attributed to transportation of cattle and late breed formation.

scholarly journals Mice as stowaways? Colonization history of Danish striped field mice

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 20170064 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liselotte Wesley Andersen ◽  
Magnus Jacobsen ◽  
Christina Vedel-Smith ◽  
Thomas Secher Jensen
Keyword(s):  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Divergence Time ◽  
Mitochondrial Genomes ◽  
Field Mouse ◽  
Colonization History ◽  
Striped Field Mouse ◽  
Steppe Region ◽  
History Of ◽  
Field Mice ◽  
Human Introduction

Species from the steppe region of Eastern Europe likely colonized northwestern Europe in connection with agriculture after 6500 BP. The striped field mouse ( Apodemus agrarius Pallas, 1783), is a steppe-derived species often found in human crops. It is common on the southern Danish islands of Lolland and Falster, which have been isolated from mainland Europe since approximately 10 300–8000 BP. Thus, this species could have been brought in with humans in connection with agriculture, or it could be an earlier natural invader. We sequenced 86 full mitochondrial genomes from the northwestern range of the striped field mouse, analysed phylogenetic relationships and estimated divergence time. The results supported human-induced colonization of Denmark in the Subatlantic or Subboreal period. A newly discovered population from Central Jutland in Denmark diverged from Falster approximately 100–670 years ago, again favouring human introduction. One individual from Sweden turned out to be a recent introduction from Central Jutland.

scholarly journals The relation of Gammarus zaddachi Sexton to some other species of Gammarus occurring in fresh, estuarine and marine waters

1942 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 575-606 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Sexton
Keyword(s):  
Distinct Species ◽  
Common Species ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Low Salinity ◽  
Gammarus Zaddachi ◽  
Estuarine Zone ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Baltic

Gammarus zaddachi is perhaps the most prolific and widespread of all the estuarine amphipods known to occur in northern Europe, and inhabiting, as it does, the low-salinity estuarine zone and adjacent coasts, it has come to be recognized in recent ecological work as a ‘salinity indicator’.Unfortunately, there has been constant confusion with the other common species of Gammarus, G. locusta, pulex, and duebeni, which has been greatly complicated by the difference in the appearance of zaddachi according as it lives in a freshwater or a saline habitat. It is shown that this difference is entirely due to the sensory equipment, the greater production of hairs in freshwater conditions, and that the structure of the two ‘forms’ is identical.The history of the species has been carried back as far as I have been able to trace it (1836) with the actual specimens, described in the different papers, and the more important of these papers are discussed. It will be seen that the material examined was derived from every country of northern Europe; from Russia, the White Sea, Crimea, and the Baltic, the coasts of Scandinavia, Germany, including the Hamburg water-supply, Denmark, the Netherlands, Great Britain and Ireland, and France as far up the Loire as Nantes.Detailed descriptions and figures of both forms of G. zaddachi are given; and finally, a comparison is made between the species most commonly confused with it, the Arctic species G. wilkitzkii being included because of a suggestion recently made that it might be, not a distinct species, but merely the Arctic form of zaddachi.

The History of Fair Trade: Hugo Grotius, Corporations, and the Spanish Enlightenment

Grotiana ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-159
Author(s):  
Edward Jones Corredera
Keyword(s):  
Fair Trade ◽  
Balance Of Power ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Distribution Of Wealth ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
Perpetual Peace ◽  
Hugo Grotius ◽  
History Of ◽  
Peace In Europe ◽  
Spanish Enlightenment

Abstract The early Spanish Enlightenment was shaped by debates over corporations, sovereignty, and the balance of power in Europe. Spanish officials, in this context, turned to the ideas of Hugo Grotius to establish joint-stock companies that could allow the Crown to regain control over its imperial domains and establish perpetual peace in Europe. This article recovers the writings of Félix Fernando de Sotomayor, Duke of Sotomayor (1684–1767), who drew on the works of Grotius, Samuel Pufendorf, and Charles Dutot in order to show that the history of these corporations chronicled the contestation and erosion of Spanish power and the diversion of European states from their true interests. Sovereigns, not merchants, argued Sotomayor, could guarantee fair trade and the equitable distribution of wealth. The study of Sotomayor’s views on trade, natural law, and alienation challenges traditional interpretations about the Iberian engagement with Grotius, the rise of capitalist hopes in Southern and Northern Europe, and Spain’s investment in the Enlightenment.

Arctic Connectivity for Sustainable Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-54 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasilii Erokhin
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Arctic Region ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
International Regulations ◽  
The Usa ◽  
History Of ◽  
Transportation Routes

The Arctic possesses about one-quarter of the world's untapped energy resources and abundant deposits of minerals. The region has always been in the focus of geopolitical interests of the USA, Russia, countries of Northern Europe, and Canada. However, with an opening of the previously ice-jammed waterways, new potential sites with vast resources have been identified and explored. Diversified transportation routes are of paramount importance to the economic and energy security of energy importing countries, particularly non-Arctic ones. As the Arctic becomes a focus of interest of many regional and non-regional actors, it is crucial to identify the dangers such a boom may bring. This chapter reviews the history of the Arctic policies of major actors in the region, overviews the contemporary approaches to the development of the Arctic, and discusses how varying interests and policies can be translated into the effective international regulations for the benefit of the entire Arctic region, its people, environment, and sustainable development.

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